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Kamusal Tartışmaların Habermascı Bir Yaklaşımla Çözümlenmesi: Bir İçerik Çözümleme Yönergesi Geliştirme Çalışması

Year 2014, Issue: 38, 164 - 183, 30.06.2014

Abstract

Bu çalışma, müzakereci bir etkinlik olarak kamusal tartışmaların niteliğini nicel olarak değerlendirmeye yönelik bir içerik çözümleme yönergesi geliştirilmesine odaklanmaktadır. Kuramsal temelini Habermas’ın iletişimsel eylem kuramı (2001) ile söylem etiği (1991, 1996) çalışmalarının oluşturduğu bu yönerge, kamusal tartışmaları akılcı ve etik ilkeler bakımından değerlendirirken, çevrimiçi etkileşimin doğasını da göz önünde bulundurmaktadır. Yönerge kuramsal temelinin yanında konuyla ilgili yöntembilimsel tartışmalar ile var olan başka yönergeler gözönünde bulundurularak geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışmalarla aracın geçerliği sağlanırken, gerçekleştirilen kodlayıcılararası tutarlılık testi de aracın güvenilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışma ayrıca, yönergenin uygulandığı örnek bir çözümleme ile bu çözümlemenin betimsel sonuçlarını da içermektedir.

References

  • Alexy, R. (1978). Eine theorie des praktischen diskurses. Normenbtgrilndung, Nonntndurchsttzung, Ed: W. Oelmiiller, Paderbom: Schoningh, ss. 22-52.
  • Bächtiger, A.; Shikano, S.; Pedrini, S.; Ryser, M. (2011). Measuring deliberation 2.0: Standarts, discourse types, and sequenzialization. Democracy Seminar Series, Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Cambridge. http://ash.harvard.edu/ extension/ash/docs/baechtiger.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 14.8.2012.
  • Benhabib, Seyla. (1999). Müzakereci bir demokratik meşruiyet modeline doğru. Ed: S. Benhabib, Demokrasi ve farklılık: siyasal düzenin sınırlarının tartışmaya açılması (s.101-139). Çev. Z. Gürata ve C. Gürsel, İstanbul: Dünya Yerel Yönetimler ve Demokrasi Akademisi.
  • Black, L.W.; Burkhalter, S.; Gastil, J.; Stomer-Galley, J. (2011). Methods for analyzing and measuring group deliberation. Eds. E. P. Bucy; R. L. Holbert. The sourcebook for political communication research: Methods, measures, and analytical techniques (323- 345). New York: Routledge.
  • Cohen, Joshua. (1989). Deliberation and democratic legitimacy. The good polity: Normative analysis of the state, Ed: A.P. Hamlin, Oxford: Blackwell, ss. 17-34.
  • Cohen, Joshua. (1999). Müzakereci Demokraside Usül ve Esaslar. Ed. S. Benhabib, Demokrasi ve Farklılık: Siyasal Düzenin Sınırlarının Tartışılmaya Açılması. (140- 173), Çev. Z. Gürata ve C. Gürsel, İstanbul: Dünya yerel yönetim ve demokrasi akademisi.
  • Dahlberg, Lincoln. (2001). The Internet and democratic discourse: Exploring the prospects of online deliberative forums extending the public sphere. Information, Communication & Society. 4(4), 613-633.
  • Dahlberg, Lincoln. (2004). Net-public sphere research: Beyond the ‘first phase’. The Public. 11(1), 27-44.
  • Fishkin, James, S. (2009). Virtual public consultation: Prospects for Internet deliberative democracy. Ed: T. Davies, S.P. Gangadharan. Online deliberation: Design, research and practice. (23-35).
  • Gençer Kasap, Demet. (2013). Sanal İletişim Ortamlarının Katılımcı Demokrasi Süreçlerine Etkisi: Web Temelli Forum, Toplumsal Paylaşım Ağı ve Üç Boyutlu Sanal Dünyalarda Gerçekleştirilen Tartışma Etkinlikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Graham, Tood. (2002). The public sphere needs you. Deliberating in online forums: New hope for the public sphere? The Amsterdam School of Communications research. Amsterdam.
  • Graham, Tood. (2008). Needles in a haystack: A new approach for identifying and assesing political talk in non-political discussion forums. Javnost-the public Vol 14, No:2, pp.17-36
  • Graham, Tood. (2010). What is wife swap got to do with it? Talking politics online. Fourth International Conferance, OD2010. Leeds: Leeds Üniversitesi, ss. 101-116.
  • Gutmann, A. ve Thompson, D. (1996). Democracy and disagreement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (1991). Moral consciousness and communicative action (1. baskı). (Çev. C. Lenhardt ve S. W. Nicholsen). Cambridge: Polity.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (1996). Between fact and norms: Contributions to a discourse theory of law and democracy (2. baskı). (Çev. W. Regh). Cambridge: MIT.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (2001). İletişimsel Eylem Kuramı. İstanbul: Kabalcı.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (2009). Kamusallığın yapısal dönüşümü (9. baskı). (Çev. T. Bora ve M. Sancar). İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Holsti, Ole, R. (1969). Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities. M.A: Addison-Wesley.
  • Jamieson, K. H. ve Falk, E. (1998). Civility in the House of Representatives: An update. The Annenberg Public Policy Center. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Üniversitesi.
  • Jankowski, N. W. ve Van Os, R. (2005). Internet-based political discourse: A case study of electronic democracy in the city of Hoogeveen. Ed. P.M. Shane. Democracy online: The prospects for political renewal through the Internet (181-195). New York: Routledge.
  • Janssen, D. ve Kies, R. (2004). Online forums and deliberative democracy: Hypotheses, variables and methodologies. Emprical Approaches to Deliberative Politics Konferansı’nda sunulan bildiri. Florence: European University Institute, http://www. edemocracycentre.ch/files/onlineforums.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 4.4.2010.
  • Jensen, Jakob Linaa. (2003). Public spheres on the Internet: Anarchic or goverment- sponsored- A comparision. Scandinavian Political Studies. 26 (4), 249-374.
  • Kies, R. ve Wojcik, S. (2010). European Web-deliberation: Lessons from the European Citizen Consultation. Fourth International Conferance, OD2010. Leeds: Leeds Üniversitesi, ss. 198-211.
  • Krippendorff, Klaus. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed). Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
  • Neuendorf, Kimberly, A. (2002). The content analysis guide book. Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
  • Papacharissi, Zizi. (2004). Democracy Online: Civility, Politeness and the Democratic Potential of Online Political Discussion Groups. New Media and Society. 6 (2), 259-283.
  • Schneider, Steven Michael. (1997). Expanding public sphere through computer- mediated communication: Political discussion about abortion in a Usenet news group. Political Science. Massachussetts: Massachhussetts Institute of Technology: 189.
  • Slattery, Martin. (2007). Sosyolojide Temel Fikirler Çev: Ü. Tatlıcan ve G. Demiriz, Bursa: Sentez.
  • Steenbergen, M. R., Bächtiger, A., Spörndli, M. ve Steiner, J. (2003). Measuring Political Deliberation: A Discourse Quality Index. Comparative European Politics (21- 48).
  • Stromer-Gally, Jennifer. (2007). Measuring Deliberation’s Content: A Coding Scheme. Journal of Public Deliberation. 3 (1), 1-35.
  • Soma, Samantha Isabella. (2009). Community, conversation, and conflict: A study of deliberation and moderation in a collaborative political Weblog. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Portland State University, Portland, ABD.
  • Wilhelm, Anthony G. (2002). Democracy in the digital age: Challenges to political life in cyberspace. New York: Routledge.

Analysing Public Discussions through the Habermasian Approach: Development of a Con- tent Analysis Coding Scheme

Year 2014, Issue: 38, 164 - 183, 30.06.2014

Abstract

This study focuses on a content analysis scheme development for quantitative evaluation of the public discussions’ quality as a deliberative activity. The coding scheme which is theoretically rooted from Habermas’s the theory of communicative action (2001) and discourse ethics (1991, 1996) works, observes public discussions in the context of rationalistic and ethical principles and it also considers nature of the online interactions. The coding scheme is also developed with the guidance of existing methodological discussions in the field and the other content analysis efforts along with the theoretical roots. All these procedures provide the validity of the scheme and the inter-coder consistency test shows the reliability of it. Furthermore, the study includes a sample content analysis through the coding scheme and descriptive results of this analysis.

References

  • Alexy, R. (1978). Eine theorie des praktischen diskurses. Normenbtgrilndung, Nonntndurchsttzung, Ed: W. Oelmiiller, Paderbom: Schoningh, ss. 22-52.
  • Bächtiger, A.; Shikano, S.; Pedrini, S.; Ryser, M. (2011). Measuring deliberation 2.0: Standarts, discourse types, and sequenzialization. Democracy Seminar Series, Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Cambridge. http://ash.harvard.edu/ extension/ash/docs/baechtiger.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 14.8.2012.
  • Benhabib, Seyla. (1999). Müzakereci bir demokratik meşruiyet modeline doğru. Ed: S. Benhabib, Demokrasi ve farklılık: siyasal düzenin sınırlarının tartışmaya açılması (s.101-139). Çev. Z. Gürata ve C. Gürsel, İstanbul: Dünya Yerel Yönetimler ve Demokrasi Akademisi.
  • Black, L.W.; Burkhalter, S.; Gastil, J.; Stomer-Galley, J. (2011). Methods for analyzing and measuring group deliberation. Eds. E. P. Bucy; R. L. Holbert. The sourcebook for political communication research: Methods, measures, and analytical techniques (323- 345). New York: Routledge.
  • Cohen, Joshua. (1989). Deliberation and democratic legitimacy. The good polity: Normative analysis of the state, Ed: A.P. Hamlin, Oxford: Blackwell, ss. 17-34.
  • Cohen, Joshua. (1999). Müzakereci Demokraside Usül ve Esaslar. Ed. S. Benhabib, Demokrasi ve Farklılık: Siyasal Düzenin Sınırlarının Tartışılmaya Açılması. (140- 173), Çev. Z. Gürata ve C. Gürsel, İstanbul: Dünya yerel yönetim ve demokrasi akademisi.
  • Dahlberg, Lincoln. (2001). The Internet and democratic discourse: Exploring the prospects of online deliberative forums extending the public sphere. Information, Communication & Society. 4(4), 613-633.
  • Dahlberg, Lincoln. (2004). Net-public sphere research: Beyond the ‘first phase’. The Public. 11(1), 27-44.
  • Fishkin, James, S. (2009). Virtual public consultation: Prospects for Internet deliberative democracy. Ed: T. Davies, S.P. Gangadharan. Online deliberation: Design, research and practice. (23-35).
  • Gençer Kasap, Demet. (2013). Sanal İletişim Ortamlarının Katılımcı Demokrasi Süreçlerine Etkisi: Web Temelli Forum, Toplumsal Paylaşım Ağı ve Üç Boyutlu Sanal Dünyalarda Gerçekleştirilen Tartışma Etkinlikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Graham, Tood. (2002). The public sphere needs you. Deliberating in online forums: New hope for the public sphere? The Amsterdam School of Communications research. Amsterdam.
  • Graham, Tood. (2008). Needles in a haystack: A new approach for identifying and assesing political talk in non-political discussion forums. Javnost-the public Vol 14, No:2, pp.17-36
  • Graham, Tood. (2010). What is wife swap got to do with it? Talking politics online. Fourth International Conferance, OD2010. Leeds: Leeds Üniversitesi, ss. 101-116.
  • Gutmann, A. ve Thompson, D. (1996). Democracy and disagreement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (1991). Moral consciousness and communicative action (1. baskı). (Çev. C. Lenhardt ve S. W. Nicholsen). Cambridge: Polity.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (1996). Between fact and norms: Contributions to a discourse theory of law and democracy (2. baskı). (Çev. W. Regh). Cambridge: MIT.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (2001). İletişimsel Eylem Kuramı. İstanbul: Kabalcı.
  • Habermas, Jürgen. (2009). Kamusallığın yapısal dönüşümü (9. baskı). (Çev. T. Bora ve M. Sancar). İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Holsti, Ole, R. (1969). Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities. M.A: Addison-Wesley.
  • Jamieson, K. H. ve Falk, E. (1998). Civility in the House of Representatives: An update. The Annenberg Public Policy Center. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Üniversitesi.
  • Jankowski, N. W. ve Van Os, R. (2005). Internet-based political discourse: A case study of electronic democracy in the city of Hoogeveen. Ed. P.M. Shane. Democracy online: The prospects for political renewal through the Internet (181-195). New York: Routledge.
  • Janssen, D. ve Kies, R. (2004). Online forums and deliberative democracy: Hypotheses, variables and methodologies. Emprical Approaches to Deliberative Politics Konferansı’nda sunulan bildiri. Florence: European University Institute, http://www. edemocracycentre.ch/files/onlineforums.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 4.4.2010.
  • Jensen, Jakob Linaa. (2003). Public spheres on the Internet: Anarchic or goverment- sponsored- A comparision. Scandinavian Political Studies. 26 (4), 249-374.
  • Kies, R. ve Wojcik, S. (2010). European Web-deliberation: Lessons from the European Citizen Consultation. Fourth International Conferance, OD2010. Leeds: Leeds Üniversitesi, ss. 198-211.
  • Krippendorff, Klaus. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed). Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
  • Neuendorf, Kimberly, A. (2002). The content analysis guide book. Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
  • Papacharissi, Zizi. (2004). Democracy Online: Civility, Politeness and the Democratic Potential of Online Political Discussion Groups. New Media and Society. 6 (2), 259-283.
  • Schneider, Steven Michael. (1997). Expanding public sphere through computer- mediated communication: Political discussion about abortion in a Usenet news group. Political Science. Massachussetts: Massachhussetts Institute of Technology: 189.
  • Slattery, Martin. (2007). Sosyolojide Temel Fikirler Çev: Ü. Tatlıcan ve G. Demiriz, Bursa: Sentez.
  • Steenbergen, M. R., Bächtiger, A., Spörndli, M. ve Steiner, J. (2003). Measuring Political Deliberation: A Discourse Quality Index. Comparative European Politics (21- 48).
  • Stromer-Gally, Jennifer. (2007). Measuring Deliberation’s Content: A Coding Scheme. Journal of Public Deliberation. 3 (1), 1-35.
  • Soma, Samantha Isabella. (2009). Community, conversation, and conflict: A study of deliberation and moderation in a collaborative political Weblog. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Portland State University, Portland, ABD.
  • Wilhelm, Anthony G. (2002). Democracy in the digital age: Challenges to political life in cyberspace. New York: Routledge.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Demet Gencer Kasap This is me

Publication Date June 30, 2014
Submission Date December 31, 1899
Published in Issue Year 2014 Issue: 38

Cite

APA Gencer Kasap, D. (2014). Kamusal Tartışmaların Habermascı Bir Yaklaşımla Çözümlenmesi: Bir İçerik Çözümleme Yönergesi Geliştirme Çalışması. İletişim Kuram Ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2014(38), 164-183.