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Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and decision-making styles of Turkish volleyball referees and to examine whether these variables differ in terms of gender, referee classification, age, years of refereeing, and pre-refereeing volleyball playing experience. The study is a descriptive research conducted using a convenience sampling method. A total of 271 volleyball referees (105 females and 166 males) with a mean age of 38.45±10.11 participated in the study. Personal Information Form, Referee Self-Efficacy Scale, and Melbourne Decision-Making Scale were used as data collection tools. T-test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Pearson correlation test were used in the analysis of the data. According to the findings, female referees demonstrated higher levels of procrastinating decision-making style; international referees had higher scores in game knowledge, decision-making, and decision-making self-esteem; whereas national referees exhibited higher levels of avoidant, procrastinating, and panic decision-making styles. Referees who had played volleyball prior to refereeing reported higher perceived pressure, while those without such experience showed higher tendencies toward procrastinating decision-making. A strong positive relationship was found between age and years of refereeing. Additionally, as referee self-efficacy increased, decision-making self-esteem also increased, while avoidant, procrastinating, and panic decision-making tendencies decreased. In conclusion, it can be stated that self-efficacy levels and referee classification play a significant role in determining the quality of decision-making among Turkish volleyball referees; referees with higher self-efficacy exhibit higher decision-making self-esteem and lower levels of avoidant, procrastinating, and panic decision-making tendencies.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
June 30, 2026
Submission Date
March 28, 2026
Acceptance Date
June 23, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 14 Number: 2
APA
Demir, A., & Çifçi, F. (2026). Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 14(2), 130-142. https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW
AMA
1.Demir A, Çifçi F. Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science. 2026;14(2):130-142. https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW
Chicago
Demir, Abdurrahman, and Ferhat Çifçi. 2026. “Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees”. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science 14 (2): 130-42. https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW.
EndNote
Demir A, Çifçi F (June 1, 2026) Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science 14 2 130–142.
IEEE
[1]A. Demir and F. Çifçi, “Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees”, International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 130–142, June 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW
ISNAD
Demir, Abdurrahman - Çifçi, Ferhat. “Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees”. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science 14/2 (June 1, 2026): 130-142. https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW.
JAMA
1.Demir A, Çifçi F. Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science. 2026;14:130–142.
MLA
Demir, Abdurrahman, and Ferhat Çifçi. “Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees”. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, vol. 14, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 130-42, https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW.
Vancouver
1.Abdurrahman Demir, Ferhat Çifçi. Examining the Relationship Between Decision-Making Skills and Self-Efficacy of Turkish Volleyball Referees. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 1;14(2):130-42. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA85HM23DW