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Gawri Duvarı’nın Arkeo-Stratejik Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 613 - 640, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.1783672
https://izlik.org/JA44YX23PD

Abstract

Gawri Duvarı, İran’ın batısında, Zagros Dağları’nın batı yamaçlarında uzanan, yaklaşık 115 kilometre uzunluğunda büyük ölçekli bir antik sınır tahkimatıdır. Geç Part-Erken Sasani dönemine tarihlendirilen bu yapı, yalnızca bir savunma hattı olmanın ötesinde, siyasi meşruiyetin, kültürel kimliğin ve mekânsal otoritenin taş üzerinden inşa edildiği çok katmanlı bir arkeo-politik temsildir. Bu çalışma, Gawri Duvarı’nı, geç antik dönemin sınır mühendisliği, kültürel peyzaj düzenlemeleri ve ideolojik coğrafya üretimi bağlamında disiplinlerarası bir bakış açısıyla ele almaktadır. Yüzey araştırmaları, uzaktan algılama teknolojileri, coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (GIS), mimari analiz ve tarihsel kaynakların bütüncül biçimde kullanılmasıyla yapı hem yerel bağlamda hem de küresel sınır tahkimatı gelenekleri içinde değerlendirilmiştir. Çin Seddi, Gorgan Duvarı ve Hadrian Duvarı gibi yapılarla karşılaştırmalı analizler yapılmış; Gawri Duvarı’nın antik imparatorlukların sınır anlayışı içindeki özgün konumu tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca yapının çevresinde yer alan Anubanini Kabartması gibi arkeolojik unsurlar üzerinden kültürel süreklilik vurgulanmış; duvarın yalnızca askeri değil, aynı zamanda sembolik, ekonomik ve yönetsel işlevler üstlendiği ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç olarak, Gawri Duvarı; Part-Sasani iktidar zihniyetinin, sınır mekânlarını ideolojik, politik ve kültürel düzeyde nasıl biçimlendirdiğini gösteren özgün bir arkeolojik yapı olarak değerlendirilmektedir.

References

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An Archaeo-Strategic Analysis of the Gawri Wall

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 613 - 640, 29.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.1783672
https://izlik.org/JA44YX23PD

Abstract

The Gawri Wall, situated along the western foothills of Iran’s Zagros Mountains, is a monumental ancient frontier fortification that stretches approximately 115 kilometres. Dated to the late Parthian–early Sasanian transition, the wall represents more than a military line of defence; it is a complex archaeological manifestation of imperial authority, cultural identity, and spatial governance inscribed in stone. This study approaches the Gawri Wall through an interdisciplinary framework that integrates frontier engineering, ideological spatialization, and the production of cultural landscapes in late antiquity. Employing remote sensing technologies, surface survey data, GIS analysis, comparative architectural interpretation, and historical sources, the wall is examined in both regional and global contexts. A comparative analysis with other major fortifications, such as the Great Wall of China, the Gorgan Wall, and Hadrian’s Wall, reveals the Gawri Wall’s unique position within the broader tradition of imperial frontier-making. Moreover, the presence of nearby cultural monuments, such as the Anubanini relief, underscores the wall’s role in articulating political ideology through landscape. The study highlights the wall’s multifunctionality, including military defence, economic regulation, symbolic power projection, and administrative control. Ultimately, the Gawri Wall is not merely a physical barrier, but a culturally charged and ideologically encoded structure reflecting the imperial worldview of the Parthian-Sasanian statecraft and its capacity to construct, manage, and signify boundary space.

References

  • Anderson, B. (2006). Hayali cemaatler: Milliyetçiliğin kökenleri ve yayılması (Çev. İ. Ergüden). Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal eser 1983’te yayımlanmıştır)
  • Alibaigi, S. (2019a). Remnants of ancient wall identified in Iran. Antiquity. Retrieved from https://www.antiquity.ac.uk
  • Alibaigi, S. (2019b). The Gawri Wall: A possible Partho-Sasanian structure in the western foothills of the Zagros Mountains. Antiquity, 93(370), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2019.97
  • Alibaigi, S., Aliyari, S., MacGinnis, J., & Aminikhah, N. (2020). Longitude 45 East: New evidence for one of the oldest political frontiers in the Ancient World. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 79(1), 21-40. https://iranvarjavand.ir/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Alibaigi-et-al-2020-JNES-79.1.pdf
  • Arkeolojik Haber. (2019). İran'da taştan örülmüş 115 kilometrelik tarihi set keşfedildi. https://www.arkeolojikhaber.com/haber-iranda-tastan-orulmus-115-kilometrelik-tarihi-set-kesfedildi-23863/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
  • Bewley, R., & Raczkowski, W. (2002). Aerial archaeology: Developing future applications. NATO Science Series I: Life and Behavioural Sciences, 337, 15–24.
  • Breeze, D. J., & Dobson, B. (2000). Hadrian's Wall. Penguin Books.
  • Canepa, M. (2009). The two eyes of the earth: Art and ritual of kingship between Rome and Sasanian Iran. University of California Press.
  • Cosgrove, D. (1984). Social formation and symbolic landscape. Croom Helm.
  • Daryaee, T. (2009). Sasanian Persia: The rise and fall of an empire. I.B. Tauris.
  • Dignas, B., & Winter, E. (2007). Rome and Persia in late antiquity: Neighbours and rivals. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ghanadi Maragheh, F. (2021). 20. yüzyıl başı Türkiye ve İran mimarisinde modern ve milli kavramlarının incelenmesi (Kayıt No. 674986) [Akdeniz Üniversitesi Yüksek lisans tezi]. YÖK Tez Merkezi.
  • Gholizadeh, H., Karami, A., & Naseri, R. (2020). Remote sensing and ground survey of the Gawri Wall: Analysis of a newly discovered linear feature in western Iran. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 33, 102522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102522
  • Herzfeld, M. (2005). Cultural intimacy: Social poetics in the nation-state (2. Baskı). Routledge.
  • Isaac, B. (1992). The limits of empire: The Roman army in the East. Oxford University Press.
  • Kiani, M. Y. (1984). Architecture in the Sasanian era. Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization.
  • Labbaf-Khaniki, M. (2020). Castles, walls, fortresses: The Sasanian effort to defend the territory. Historia i Świat, 9, 37–59. https://doi.org/10.34739/his.2020.09.03
  • Mitchell, W. J. T. (Ed.). (1994). Landscape and power. University of Chicago Press.
  • Maxar Technologies. (2019). WorldView-2 satellite imagery [Satellite image]. https://www.satimagingcorp.com/gallery/worldview-2/
  • Potts, D. T. (2016). The archaeology of Elam: Formation and transformation of an ancient Iranian state (2. Baskı). Cambridge University Press.
  • Project Global Awakening. (2019). Gawri Wall: One of the oldest political frontiers. https://www.projectglobalawakening.com/gawri-wall/
  • Özkan, S. (2022). Eski Yakın Doğu sanatındaki silah, savaş ve av sahnelerinin Pers sanatına yansımaları. Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi, 9(1), 71–86. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/atdd/issue/69039/1069372
  • Sivrioğlu, U. T. (2013). Sasanilerde askeri teşkilat, silah teknolojisi ve savaş stratejileri. Turkish Studies, 8(5), 675–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102522
  • Waldron, A. (1990). The Great Wall of China: From history to myth. Cambridge University Press.
  • Whittaker, C. R. (1994). Frontiers of the Roman Empire: A social and economic study. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Wilkinson, T. J. (2003). Archaeological landscapes of the Near East. University of Arizona Press. WordsSideKick. (2019). 2,200-year-old Great Barrier Wall found in Iran. Live Science. https://www.livescience.com/hadrians-wall-of-iran-discovered.html
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Regional Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Reyhan Rafet Can 0000-0003-2280-9268

Yunus Ekici 0000-0001-6300-6555

Submission Date September 14, 2025
Acceptance Date November 20, 2025
Publication Date December 29, 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.1783672
IZ https://izlik.org/JA44YX23PD
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Can, R. R., & Ekici, Y. (2025). Gawri Duvarı’nın Arkeo-Stratejik Analizi. İran Çalışmaları Dergisi, 9(2), 613-640. https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.1783672

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