Sözcüğü Sözcüğüne Olmak ya da Olmamak: Nazım Hikmet’in Saman Sarısı Şiirinin İngilizce Çevirileri Üzerine

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Nazım Hikmet’in Saman Sarısı şiirinin iki farklı çevirisini sözcüğü sözcüğüne çeviri ve serbest çeviri kavramları çerçevesinde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın çıkış noktasını, şiirin iki farklı çevirisinin çevirmenleri arasında, sözcüğü sözcüğüne çeviri ekseninde ortaya çıkan çeviri anlayışına yönelik eleştiri ve tartışmalar oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda makale, iki çeviriyi betimleyici ve karşılaştırmalı bir yaklaşımla ele almakta; çevirileri sözcüğü sözcüğüne ve serbest çeviri yaklaşımları ile çeviri eleştirisi ekseninde tartışmaktadır. Çalışma, hem çevirilere hem de bu çeviriler üzerine yapılan eleştirilere odaklanarak, farklı çeviri stratejilerinin Nazım Hikmet’in Saman Sarısı şiirinin iki farklı çevirisinde nasıl uygulandığına ışık tutmayı ve sözcüğü sözcüğüne ve serbest çeviri yaklaşımlarının uygulamadaki işleyişine dair bir anlayış sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Söz konusu iki çeviri stratejisinin göreli yararları ve sınırlılıkları da karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, çalışma, görünüşte zıt stratejilerin aynı metin içinde bir arada bulunabileceğini ortaya koymakta; şiir bağlamında sözcüğü sözcüğüne ve serbest çeviri ikileminin sınırlarını sorgulayarak, çevirmenlerin kaynağa sadakat ve yaratıcı yorumlama arasında nasıl bir denge kurduklarını da gözlemlemektedir. Tartışmanın amacı, mevcut eleştirilerde öne çıkan noktalar doğrultusunda çevirilerin hangi stratejiye yakın durduğunu belirlemeye çalışmak ve bulguların, Nazım Hikmet’in şiirlerinin çevirisinde kullanılan yöntem ve yaklaşımlar hakkında yeni çıkarımlar sunmasına katkı sağlamaktır.

Keywords

• şiir çevirisi
• alımlama
• Nazım Hikmet
• çeviri eleştirisi
• çeviri stratejileri

To Be Literal or Not: On English Translations of Hikmet’s Saman Sarısı

Abstract

This study examines two distinct English translations of Nazım Hikmet’s poem “Saman Sarısı” within the frame of literal and free translation. The framework for this analysis emerges from critical debates among translators, who have evaluated one another’s renditions for being either excessively literal or insufficiently faithful to the source text. Based on this discourse, the article adopts a descriptive comparative approach to examine the translations, situating the discussion within the broader theoretical concepts of literal and free translation as well as translation criticism. By analyzing the strategies employed in each version, the study seeks to determine the extent to which the translations align with either approach, as suggested by prior critiques. This focus enables an understanding of how translators strike a balance between fidelity to the source text and interpretive freedom. Ultimately, the study aims to shed light on the methods and decisions underlying the translation of Hikmet’s poetry and to synthesize these findings into a coherent assessment of the practical applications and relative merits of literal and free translation strategies. In doing so, it also contributes to ongoing debates in translation studies by showing how even seemingly opposed strategies can coexist within the same text, complicating strict binaries of “literal” versus “free.”

Keywords

• translating poetry
• reception
• Nazım Hikmet
• translation criticism
• translation strategies

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