Effect of different pyrolysis temperatures on biofertilizer properties of microalgal biochar and energy analysis
Abstract
In this study, Chlorella sp. (Cs), Chlorella vulgaris (Cv), Neochloris conjuncta (Nc), Botryoococcus braunii (Bb), and Scenedesmus obliquus (So) microalgae strains were cultivated in channel type ponds. The microalgal biomasses obtained were divided into two groups (350 and 600 °C). The microalgal biomasses in the first group were biocharized at two different pyrolysis temperatures, while those in the second group were untreated crude microalgal biomasses. As a result of the energy input-output analysis of both groups of microalgal biomasses, the highest net energy gain was calculated in the un-treated Cv strain with 52.41, while the lowest value was calculated in the biocharification process of So and Bb strains at 600°C with 13.03. In all groups, the energy efficiency, energy ratio, and net energy gain of the Cv strain were found to be higher than other microalgae strains. When the bio-fertilizer, biostimulant data, and energy data are evaluated together, it’s concluded that it’s most appropriate to prefer the Cv microalgae strain.
Keywords
Microalgal biomass, Microalgal biochar, Pyrolysis, Biofertilizer, Biostimulant, Energy efficiency
References
- Abideen, Z.; Koyro, H.W.; Huchzermeyer, B.; Ansari, R.; Zulfiqar, F.; Gul, B.J.P.B.,2020. Ameliorating effects of biochar on photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant defence of Phragmites karka under drought stress. Plant Biol., 22, 259–266.
- Akgül, G. (2017). Biyokömür: üretimi ve kullanım alanları. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5(4), 485-499.
- Akkeçeci, Ş., & Özkan, Ç. Ö. (2022). Organik tarimda yeşil gübre uygulamasinin önemi ve sürdürülebilirliği. Adyutayam Dergisi, 10(2), 161-174.
- Ayaz, M.; Feizienė, D.; Tilvikienė, V.; Akhtar, K.; Stulpinaitė, U.; Iqbal, R. 2021. Biochar role in the sustainability of agriculture and environment. Sustainability, 13 (3), 1330.
- CCAP, 2024. https://www.ccap.ac.uk/catalogue/strain-254-1 Access date: 26.01.2024.
- Cheah, W.Y.; Show, P.L.; Chang, J.S.; Ling, T.C.; Juan, J.C., 2015. Biosequestration of atmospheric CO2 and flue gas-containing CO2 by microalgae. Bioresource technology, 184, 190-201.
- Fahad, S.; Bajwa, A.; Nazir, U.; Anjum, S.; Farooq, A.; Zohaib, A.; Sadia, S.; Nasim, W.; Adkins, S.; Saud, S.; et al.,2017. Crop production under drought and heat stress: Plant responses and management options. Front. Plant Sci., 8, 1147.
- González-Pérez, B. K.; Rivas-Castillo, A. M.; Valdez-Calderón, A.; Gayosso-Morales, M. A, 2022. Microalgae as biostimulants: A new approach in agriculture. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 38(1), 4.
- Hesampour, R.; Bastani, A.; Hassani, M.; Failla, S.; Daria Vaverková, M., 2021. Energy-Environmental Joint Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis (Lca+ Dea) and Cumulative Exergy Demand Evaluation for Canned Apple Production. Available at SSRN 3919674. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3919674.
- IPCC, 2013. Climate Change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, in: Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., Midgley, P.M. (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and NY, USA pp. 1535.
