Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste

Suzan Uzun

doi:10.31015/2025.3.35

Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste

Abstract

The valorization of agro-waste through controlled carbonization presents a sustainable route to engineer functional carbon dots (CDs) with tailorable properties. In this study, the CDs were derived from biomass waste such as olive mill wastewater (OMW), olive leaves, hibiscus calyxes, and chokeberry pomace through hydrothermal method. Comprehensive characterization revealed size-dependent properties, with most CDs ranging between 4.2-7.6 nm (except OMW-derived CDs at 32.7 nm), and distinct surface chemistries correlated to their biomass precursors. Notably, CDs derived from olive leaves (OLCDs) and hibiscus calyxes (HCDs) exhibited higher carbonyl and carboxyl group densities, correlating with the elevated phenolic content of their biomass precursors. All CDs demonstrated exceptional antioxidant activity (>88% DPPH radical scavenging), attributable to the abundance and diversity of bioactive compounds in the source materials. These findings highlight the dual potential of agro-waste-derived CDs as sustainable nanomaterials and potent antioxidants, offering scalable solutions for both environmental waste management and food preservation technologies—particularly as active packaging components or edible coatings to extend shelf life.

Keywords

Carbon dots, Sustainability, Biomass, Waste valorization, Antioxidant

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Food Packaging, Preservation and Processing, Food Sustainability, Fruit-Vegetables Technology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Suzan Uzun ^*
0000-0001-5554-6906
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 27, 2025

Submission Date

August 14, 2025

Acceptance Date

September 21, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.3.35

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA69TM44ET

APA

Uzun, S. (2025). Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 9(3), 954-965. https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.3.35

AMA

1.Uzun S. Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2025;9(3):954-965. doi:10.31015/2025.3.35

Chicago

Uzun, Suzan. 2025. “Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 9 (3): 954-65. https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.3.35.

EndNote

Uzun S (September 1, 2025) Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 9 3 954–965.

IEEE

[1]S. Uzun, “Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste”, int. j. agric. environ. food sci., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 954–965, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.31015/2025.3.35.

ISNAD

Uzun, Suzan. “Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 9/3 (September 1, 2025): 954-965. https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.3.35.

JAMA

1.Uzun S. Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2025;9:954–965.

MLA

Uzun, Suzan. “Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste”. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, vol. 9, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 954-65, doi:10.31015/2025.3.35.

Vancouver

1.Suzan Uzun. Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste. int. j. agric. environ. food sci. 2025 Sep. 1;9(3):954-65. doi:10.31015/2025.3.35

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Tailoring Carbon Dot Properties Through Phenolic-Enriched Agro-Waste

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