The sensitivity of radish cultivars to high temperatures during germination and seedling growth stages

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 298 - 304, 29.06.2023

Gamze Kaya

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2023.2.7

Abstract

A laboratory experiment was conducted at constant temperatures of 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 35, 38, and 41℃ to identify the response of six radish cultivars with different root sizes and colors to high-temperature stress during germination, emergence, and early seedling growth stage. Also, the optimal temperature was determined by calculating the relationship between seedling length and temperature via a polynomial regression model. The results showed that no seed germination was detected at 41℃, while emergence and seedling growth were not observed at 38℃ and above. Similar germination percentages, mean germination time, and germination index were obtained between 20℃ and 35℃. The root length reduced at 32℃ and it was more sensitive to high temperatures than shoots because the root/shoot length ratio showed a decreasing trend by increasing temperatures and longer root length was recorded at lower temperatures than 32℃. There were genotypic variations among radish cultivars for temperatures and ‘Kırmızı İnci’, ‘Beyaz İnci’, and ‘Siyah İnci’ produced a better performance than the others under high temperatures. The regression analysis predicted the optimal temperatures as 21.5℃ and 22.6℃ for root and shoot length, respectively. This study indicates that high temperatures inhibited seedling growth rather than seed germination performance of radishes.

Keywords

Raphanus sativus L., germination, seedling growth, high temperature

References

• Abdel, C.G. (2015). Germination performance of four radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus) seeds under varying temperatures. International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences, 4(4), 355-360.
• Bakhshandeh, E., Gholamhossieni, M. (2019). Modelling the effects of water stress and temperature on seed germination of radish and cantaloupe. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 38, 1402-1411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-09942-9
• Bakhshandeh, E., Hemmatollah, P., Fatemeh, V., Mobina, G. (2020). Quantification of the effect of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling growth of Eruca (Eruca sativa) using mathematical models. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 39, 190-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-09974-1
• Banihani, S.A. (2017). Radish (Raphanus sativus) and diabetes. Nutrients, 9, 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091014
• Bradford, K.J. (2002). Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Weed Sciences, 50, 248-260. https://doi.org/10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0248:AOHTTQ]2.0.CO;2
• Cavusoglu, K., Kabar, K. (2007). Comparative effects of some plant growth regulators on the germination of barley and radish seeds under high temperature stress. EurAsia Journal of BioSciences, 1, 1-10.
• Dell’Aquila, A. (2005). The use of image analysis to monitor the germination of seeds of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae) and radish (Raphanus sativus). Annals of Applied Biology, 146, 545-550. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2005.040153.x
• Elson, M.K., Morse, R.D., Wolf, D.D., Vaughan, D.H. (1992). High-temperature inhibition of seed germination and seedling emergence of broccoli. HortTechnology, 2, 417-419. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.2.3.417
• Fallahia, H.R., Aghhavani-Shajarib, M., Mohammadic, M., Kadkhodaei-Barkookd, R., Zareeid, E. (2017). Predicting of flixweed (Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl) germination response to temperature using regression models. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 6, 131-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmap.2017.04.005
• Gunay, A. (2005). Sebze yetiştiriciliği [Vegetable cultivation]. 2, 118-153. Çağ Matbaası, Ankara, Türkiye.
• ISTA (2018). International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Switzerland.
• Jia, C., Yu, X., Zhang, M., Liu, Z., Zou, P., Ma, J., Xu, Y. (2020). Application of melatonin-enhanced tolerance to high-temperature stress in cherry radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radculus pers). Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 39, 631-640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-10006-1
• Khan, J., Ullah, S., Shah, S., Khan, S.S., Sulaiman. (2022). Modeling the upshots of induced temperature and water stress on germination and seedlings length of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) via hydrothermal time model. Vegetos, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-022-00490-4
• Rowse, H., Finch-Savage, W. (2003). Hydrothermal threshold models can describe the germination response of carrot (Daucus carota) and onion (Allium cepa) seed populations across both sub-and supra-optimal temperatures. New Phytologist, 158, 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00707.x
• Salehzade, H., Shishvan, M.I., Ghiyasi, M., Forouzin, F., Siyahjani, A.A. (2009). Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Research Journal of Biological Sciences Introduction, 4, 629-631.
• Steiner, F., Pinto Junior, A.S., Zoz, T., Guimaraes, V.F., Dranski, J.A.L., Rheinheimer, A.R. (2009). Germination of radish seeds under adverse temperatures. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias (Agrária), 4(4), 430-434. https://doi.org/10.5039/agraria.v4i4a10
• Wang, G.S., Lynch, A.L., Cruz, V.M.V., Heinitz, C.C., Dierig, D.A. (2020). Temperature requirements for guayule seed germination. Industrial Crops & Products, 157, 112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112934