Comparison of the winter bud productivity, rooting and shoot development parameters of some Vitis spp. with single bud

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 393 - 408, 26.06.2025

Arif Atak , Kevser Çorak

https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.2.13

Abstract

Grapes belonging to the Vitis species are growing worldwide for many years for different purposes. Determining the bud productivity values of varieties belonging to this species for product programming during winter pruning is of great importance for high-quality production. Therefore, our study investigated bud productivity, rooting and shoot development parameters of single-bud cuttings taken from the first and ninth buds of 12 grape varieties with different species and polyploidy levels. In the study, Atak 77, Muscat Bleu, Rizpem, Kyoho (4N), Regent, Isabella, Heukboseok (4N), Özer Beyazı, Superior Seedless, Crimson Seedless, Kismish Rozovyi and Müşküle varieties were compared. Winter bud productivity was evaluated to clarify the winter pruning levels. In addition to cluster number, root development level and shoot length parameters were compared in the same single-bud cuttings. According to the values obtained from all buds regarding bud productivity, especially the interspecific hybrid Regent variety and the V. labrusca species, Isabella variety stood out as more productive than other varieties. In addition, very low bud productivity values were obtained in seedless varieties. Regarding the rooting status of single bud cuttings, Regent and Muscat Bleu, interspecific hybrids, were the most successful varieties. In evaluating shoot length, the interspecific hybrid Muscat Bleu variety gave the longest shoot according to the values obtained from almost all buds. According to these results, varieties obtained from cross-breeding different Vitis species, in particular, could generally have better bud productivity and rooting and shoot development values. This situation should be considered for quality and efficient production, especially during pruning applications.

Keywords

Buds, Grape, Interspecies varieties, Quality production, Crop loading, Bud fertility

Ethical Statement

Peer-review Externally peer-reviewed. Declaration of Interests The authors state there is no competing interest. Author contribution The contribution of the authors to the present study is equal. Also this study includes some of the studies from Kevser Çorak's master thesis. Data availability Data will be made available on request. Consent to participate The authors consent to participate.

Thanks

The authors thank the Viticulture Department of Yalova Atatürk Horticulture Central Research Institute for their assistance.

References

• Ağaoğlu, Y. S. (1999). Bilimsel ve Uygulamalı Bağcılık, Vol. 1. Asma Biyolojisi. Kavaklıdere Eğitim Yayınları, 1.
• Akın, A., Çotur, E. & Değirmenci, A. (2011). Determining bud efficiencies of some grape varieties grown in Konya and Kayseri. Yüzüncü Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Van, 21(3):220-224.
• Akram, M.T., Khan Qadri, R.W., Jaskani, M.J. & Awan, F.S. (2019). Ampelographic and genetic characterization of grapes genotypes collected from Potohar region of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 56(3):595-605.
• Atak, A., Özkan, C., Şen, F., Maden, S., Akbaş, B., Gazioğlu Şensoy, R. İ. & Sağlam, H. (2021). Viticulture (Grape Growing) Book. Sağlam, Hayri (Ed.). Nobel Akademik Press Tic. Ltd. Şti. İzmir, 175 pages.
• Başaran, Ç., (2006). Relationships between grapevine performance and bud productivity, product amount, and quality in Kalecik Karası clones (MSc Thesis). Ankara University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences.
• Çelik, S. & Kök, D. (1998). Determination of yield potential by forcing winter buds to burst in some table grape varieties grown in Tekirdağ ecology. Proceedings of the 4.Viticulture Symposium, 20-23.10.1998, Yalova, 40-45.
• Çelik, H. (1999). Research on the determination of bud productivity of some grape varieties grown in Amasya. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23(3): 685-690. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tbtkagriculture/issue/11665/138965
• Çelik, H., Köse, B., Ateş, S. & Karabulut, B. (2015). Determination of bud fertility of foxy grape (Vitis labrusca L.) genotypes selected from Rize. Selçuk Gıda ve Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 27(A Private): 238-245.
• Dardeniz, A., & Kısmalı, İ. 2005. Researches on determination of winter bud efficiency and determination of optimum pruning levels in some table grape varieties. Ege University Journal of Faculty of Agriculture, İzmir, 42(2):1-10.
• Daskalakis, I., Biniari, K., Bouza, D., & Stavrakaki, M. (2018). The effect that indolebutyric acid (ıba) and position of cane segment have on the rooting of cuttings from grapevine rootstocks and from cabernet franc (Vitis Vinifera L.) under conditions of a hidroponik culture system. Scientia Horticulturae, 227, 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.09.024
• De Souza, A.L.K., bender, A. & Dos Santos Costella, M.R. (2024). Phenological and productive aspects of grape varieties subjected to two pruning seasons in Vale do Rio do Peixe, SC. Rev. Bras. Frutic., 46:e-662. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452024662
• Gutiérrez Gamboa, G., Díaz-Gálvez, I.& Moreno, Y.M. (2018). Effects of bub nodal position along the cane on bud fertility, yield component and bunch structure in ‘Carménère’ grapevines. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 78(4):580-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392018000400580
• Kliewer, W.M. & Dokoozlian N.K. (2005). Leaf area/crop weight ratios of grapevines: Influence on fruit composition and wine quality. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 56, 170–181.
• Leão, P.C.S., De Souza, Do Nascimento, J.H.B. & Rego, J.I.S. (2016). Bud fertility of new table grape varieties and breeding selections in the São Francisco Valley. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 39(5):(e-042/1-8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452017042
• Piras, F., Lovicu, G., & Zurru, R. (2013). Observations on some agronomic traits of varieties of table grapes. In I International Symposium on Fruit Culture and Its Traditional Knowledge along Silk Road Countries 1032 (pp. 243-251). https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2014.1032.34
• Shahzad, U., Shahbaz, T., Khan, A.A., Hassan, Z., Naqvi, S.A., Iqbal, M., ... & Shahjahan, M. (2019). Effects of auxin (IBA) concentrations with different dipping time on root ability of grape cuttings (Vitis Vinifera). The International Journal of Science & Technolgy 7(12), 45-48.
• Şahin, E. & Dardeniz, A. (2023). The effects of different cane and axillary shoot growth vigor on the bud productivity of Cardinal and Müşküle grape varieties. Bahçe 52 (Special Issue 1), 168-174.
• Şen A. & Atak, A. (2020). Bud Fertility Determination of Some New Table Grape Varieties (V.Vinifera). Bahçe 49(1): 43-49. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1013090
• Taşcı, F. (2015). Determining of optimum pruning levels and the bud fertility of some table grape varieties (Vitis vinifera) (MSc Thesis). Gaziosmanpaşa University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Tokat, 88 pages.
• Türk, F., & Köse, B. (2024). Effects of green pruning and combine microelement applications on bud fruitfulness, vegetative development and cluster characteristics of ‘Trakya İlkeren’ grape variety. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 8(1), 94-110. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2024.1.11
• Uyak, C., & Doğan, A. (2023). Determination of the bud fertility of some grape varieties grown in Muş province. Journal of Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Agriculture, 3(1), 66-78.
• Zinni, A., Bahar, E., & Korkutal, İ. (2023). Determination the effects of leaf removal and topping on bud fertility in cv. Michele Palieri. Bahçe, 52(Special Issue 1), 138-146.