İş Stresini Azaltmada Kadınların ve Erkeklerin Sosyal Destek Kaynakları Değişir mi? Araştırma Görevlileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Abstract

İş stresi, bir çalışanın verimliliğini düşüren, iş kazası yaşama riskini arttıran, düşük performansa ve işten ayrılma niyetine neden olan önemli bir örgütsel sorun olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışanların iş dışı kaynaklardan algıladığı sosyal desteğin işyerinde yaşanan stresi nasıl etkilediğini ve bu etkinin kadınlara ve erkeklere göre ne şekilde farklılaştığını tespit etmektir. Çalışmada, üç sosyal destek kaynağı (aile, arkadaş özel bir insan), iş stresi ve cinsiyet arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Amaca uygun olarak hazırlanan ölçeklerin yer aldığı bir anket formu aracılığıyla bir devlet üniversitesinde görev yapan 96 araştırma görevlisinden veri toplanmıştır. Hipotezler, SmartPLS 3 programı kullanılarak kısmi en küçük kareler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile test edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre, her üç sosyal destek kaynağının da iş stresini azaltıcı etkisi bulunmaktadır. Aile desteğinin iş stresini azaltıcı etkisinin yalnızca kadınlar için ve arkadaş desteğinin iş stresini azaltıcı etkisinin ise yalnızca erkekler için anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özel bir insan desteğinin iş stresi üzerindeki etkisi ise kadınlara ve erkeklere göre farklılaşmamaktadır. Çalışma bulgularının sosyal destek ile çalışan sağlığı ilişkisine yönelik güncel anlayışa katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca çalışma bulguları, iş stresinin azaltılmasına yönelik etkili önlemlerin geliştirilmesinde üniversite yönetimlerine yardımcı olacaktır.

Keywords

• İş Stresi
• Sosyal Destek
• Aile Desteği
• Arkadaş Desteği
• Özel İnsan Desteği

Do Social Support for Women and Men Change in Reducing Job Stress? An Examination on Research Assistants

Abstract

Job stress is considered as a significant organizational problem that reduces employees’ productivity, increases risk of suffering an occupational accident, and causes low performance and turnover. This study determines how social support perceived by employees from nonwork sources affects the stress experienced in the workplace and how this effect differs for women and men. In the study, the relationships between three sources of social support, job stress, and gender were investigated. Data were collected through a questionnaire from 96 research assistants working at a state university in Turkey. Hypotheses were tested by partial least squares structural equation modeling using SmartPLS 3. The study findings show that all three sources of social support reduce job stress. Besides, it has been determined that the reducing effect of family support on job stress is significant only for women, and the reducing effect of friend support on job stress is significant only for men. The effect of significant other support on job stress does not differ between women and men. The findings of the study might contribute to the current understanding of the relationship between social support and employee health. Additionally, the study findings will assist the university administration in developing effective measures to reduce job stress.

Keywords

• Job Stress
• Social Support
• Support from Family
• Support from Friend
• Support from Significant Othe

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