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The conditions for establishing a therapeutic alliance between the counselor and the gifted client

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 23 - 32, 15.04.2021

Abstract

This article examines the issue of therapeutic alliance in counseling the gifted, focusing on the conditions essential to build a therapeutic alliance between the counselor and the patient. The subject of therapeutic counseling has been widely discussed by many psychologists, both from theoretical and practical points of view in many works. It has also been mentioned that such an alliance is the most important condition for achieving the goals of any psychological intervention. This work challenges some of the accepted principles about counseling in general and counselling the gifted in particular. While I do accept that having access to subjects that are of interest of the gifted client helps the therapist to connect with them, I have found that the issue of intelligence, not mentioned in any of the previous works dealing with therapeutic alliance, has been the most important one for establishing such an alliance. In my experience the most frequent complaint I have heard from gifted children and adolescents has been "they cannot understand me because they are not smart enough". It can be concluded that high intelligence is a necessary condition for a therapeutic alliance with the gifted.

References

  • Ackerman, S.J., & Hilsenroth, M.J. (2003). A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(1), 1-33. Doi: 10.1016/S0272-7358(02)00146-0
  • Ardito, R.B., & Rabellino, D. (2011). Therapeutic Alliance and Outcome of Psychotherapy: Historical Excursus, Measurements, and Prospects for Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 2: 270. Published online 2011 Oct 18. Doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00270
  • Armstrong, L.L., Desson, S., St. John, E., & Watt, E. (2019). The D.R.E.A.M. program: Developing resilience through emotions, attitudes, & meaning (gifted edition) – a second wave positive psychology approach. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 32(3-4), 307-332. Doi: 10.1080/09515070.2018.1559798
  • Berk, L. E. (2009). Child development (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Bratter, T. E. (2008). Advocacy: Its impact on the treatment alliance with gifted, self-destructive, and drug-abusing adolescents. In L.T. Flaherty (Ed.), The annals of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry: Vol. 30. Adolescent psychiatry (p. 85-101). The Analytic Press/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Bouchet, N. & Falk, F. (2001). The relationship among giftedness, gender, and overexcitability. Gifted Child Quarterly, 45(4), 260-267. Doi: 10.1177/001698620104500404
  • Castonguay, L.G., Constantino, M.J., & Holtforth, M.G. (2006). The working alliance: Where are we and where should we go? Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43(3), 271-279. Doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.43.3.271
  • David, H. (2006). The Taibe enrichment program for gifted children: How is it different from similar programs in the Jewish sector? The 37th conference of the Israeli Sociological Union Society: Sociology, Ethics and Politics, Bar Ilan University, Israel, 22nd-23rd February 2006.
  • David, H. (2009). Giftedness and immigration: Case study of a gifted family emigrating from Russia to Israel. Australasian Journal of Gifted Education, 18(1), 37-47.
  • David, H. (2011). The importance of teachers’ attitude in nurturing and educating gifted children. Gifted and Talented International, 26(1-2), 71-80.
  • David, H. (2014). Diagnosis of the gifted in Israel. Gifted Education International, 30(1) 87-90.
  • David, H. (2016). Diagnostic et enseignement pour les enfants hp: l'exemple d'Israël. Revue économique et sociale, 74(4), 103-112 [English version: Diagnosing and schooling of gifted children: The example of Israel].
  • David, H. (2020). On-line dynamic assessment of gifted children. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Delisle, J.R. (2001). Don’t Mention the “G” Word (Shhh!). Understanding Our Gifted, 13(3), 8.
  • Delisle, J.R. (2011). Don’t Mention the “G” Word (Shhh!). Understanding Our Gifted, 23(2), 15-16.
  • Elmaliach, I. (3.11.20). The most common names given in Israel. Retrieved from https://www.israelhayom.co.il/article/816297
  • Edmunds, A.L. & Edmunds, G.A. (2005). Sensitivity: A double-edged sword for the pre-adolescent and adolescent child. Roeper Review, 27(2), 69-77.
  • Gere, D.R., Capps, S.C., Mitchell, D.W. & ; Grubbs, E. (2009). Sensory Sensitivities of Gifted Children. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 63, 288-295. Doi: 10.5014/ajot.63.3.288
  • Goldschmidt, K. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Technology use to Support the Wellbeing of Children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 53, 88-90. Doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.04.013
  • Grobman, J. (2006). Underachievement in Exceptionally Gifted Adolescents and Young Adults: A Psychiatrist’s View. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 17(4), 199-210.
  • Grobman, J. (2009). A Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Approach to the Emotional Problems of Exceptionally and Profoundly Gifted Adolescents and Adults: A Psychiatrist’s Experience. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 33(1), 106-125.
  • Grobman, J. (n.d.). Therapy of a gifted, entitled 5-year old child – Isabella. Retrieved from Psychotherapy Services for The Gifted http://psychotherapyservicesforthegifted.com/therapy-gifted-entitled-5-year-old-child-isabella.html
  • Guénolé, F., Louis, J., Creveuil, C., Baleyte, J.M., Montlahuc, Fourneret, P., & Revol, O. (2013). Behavioral Profiles of Clinically Referred Children with Intellectual Giftedness. BioMed Research International, 2013. Doi: 10.1155/2013/540153
  • Handwerk, M.L., Huefner, J.C., Ringle, J.L., Howard, B.K., Soper, S.H., Almquist, J.K., & Chmelka, M.B. (2008). The role of therapeutic alliance in therapy outcomes for youth in residential care. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 25(2), 145-165. DOI: 10.1080/08865710802310152
  • Heinonen, E., & Nissen-Lie, H. A. (2020). The professional and personal characteristics of effective psychotherapists: A systematic review. Psychotherapy Research, 30(4), 417-432. Doi: 10.1080/10503307.2019.1620366
  • Heinonen, E., Lindfors, O., Härkänen, T., Virtala, E., Jääskeläinen, T., & Knekt, P. (2013). Therapists' Professional and Personal Characteristics as Predictors of Working Alliance in Short-Term and Long-Term Psychotherapies. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 21(6), 1-16. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.1852
  • Hollingworth, L. (1926). Gifted Children: Their nature and nurture. New York: McMillan.
  • Hood, B.S., Elrod, M.G. & DeWine, D.B. (2015). Treatment of Childhood Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics, 1, 155-167. Doi: 10.1007/s40746-015-0015-7
  • Horvath, A.O. (2001). The alliance. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 365-372. Doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.365.
  • Hudson, P., Hudson, S., Lewis, K., & Watters, J. J. (2010). Embedding gifted education in preservice teacher education: A collaborative school- university approach. Australasion Journal of Gifted Education, 19(2), 1-14.
  • Jeon, M.-H., & Myers, C. E. (2017). Triadic model for working with parents in child therapy settings. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(9), 1-8. Retrieved from http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/36054/37049
  • Kazdin, A.E., Whitley, M., & Marciano, P. (2006). Child-therapist and parent-therapist alliance and therapeutic change in the treatment of children referred for oppositional, aggressive, and antisocial behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47(5), 436-445. Doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01475.x
  • Kennedy, K., & Farley, J. (2018). Counseling gifted students: School-based considerations and strategies. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 10(3), 361-367. Doi: 10.26822/iejee.2018336194
  • Kucirkova, N., Evertsen-Stanghelle, C., Studsrød, I., Bruheim-Jensen, I., & Størksen, I. (2020). Lessons for child–computer interaction studies following the research challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction,26. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100203
  • Lindahl, M., & Folkesson, A.M. (2012). ICT in preschool: Friend or foe? The significance of norms in a changing practice. International Journal of Early Years Education 20(4), 422-436. DOI: 10.1080/09669760.2012.743876
  • Liu, T., Shi, J., Zhang, Q., Zhao, D., & Yang, J. (2007). Neural Mechanisms of Auditory Sensory Processing in Children with High Intelligence. Neuroreport 18(15), 1571-1575. Doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3282ef7640
  • Ljung-Djärf, A.L., Åberg-Bengtsson, & Ottosson, T. (2005). Ways of relating to computer use in pre-school activity. International Journal of Early Years Education, 13(1) 29-41. Doi: 10.1080/09669760500048295
  • Luoma, J.B. & Vilardaga, J.P. (2013). Improving therapist psychological flexibility while training acceptance and commitment therapy: A pilot study. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 42(1), 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2012.701662
  • Macewan, Gregory H. (2008). The efforts of therapists in the first session to establish a therapeutic alliance. Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 269. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/269
  • Marshall, W.L., Serran, G.A., Fernandez, Y.M., Mulloy, R., Mann, R.E., & Thornton, D. (2003). Therapist characteristics in the treatment of sexual offenders: Tentative data on their relationship with indices of behavior change. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 9(1), 25-30.
  • Margrain, V., Lee, S., & Farquhar, S. E. (2013). Education of gifted young children: Contingency of views on first-hand experience and conceptions of giftedness. APEX: The New Zealand Journal of Gifted Education, 18(1), 1-13.
  • Mendaglio, S. (2002). Heightened multifaceted sensitivity of gifted students: Implications for counseling. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 14(2), 72-82. Doi: 10.4219/jsge-2003-421
  • Mendaglio, S. & Tillier, W. (2006). Dabrowski's theory of positive disintegration and giftedness: Overexcitability research findings. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 30(1), 68-87. Doi: 10.1177/016235320603000104
  • Meyers, M.C. (2015). From essence to excellence: A strengths-based approach to talent management. PhD dissertation, Tilburg University, Gildeprint: The Netherlands.
  • Moltzen, R. (2011). Historical perspectives. In R. Moltzen (Ed.), Gifted and talented: New Zealand perspectives (3rd ed., pp. 1-30). Auckland, New Zealand: Pearson.
  • Orlinsky, D.E., Rønnestad, M.H., Hartmann, A., Heinonen, E., & Willutzki, U. (2019). The personal self of psychotherapists: Dimensions, correlates, and relations with clients. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 461-475. Doi: 10.1002/jclp.22876
  • Owen, J., & Hilsenroth, M.J. (2014). Treatment adherence: The importance of therapist flexibility in relation to therapy outcomes. Journal of Counseling Psychology 61(2), 280-288. DOI: 10.1037/a0035753
  • Patterson, C.L., Uhlin, B., & Anderson, T. (2008). Clients' pretreatment counseling expectations as predictors of the working alliance. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55(4), 527-534. Doi: 10.1037/a0013289.
  • Peterson, J.S. (2018). Counseling gifted children and teens. In S.I. Pfeiffer, E. Shaunessy-Dedrick, & M. Foley-Nicpon (Eds.), APA handbook of giftedness and talent (pp. 511-527). American Psychological Association. Doi: 10.1037/0000038-033
  • Pfeiffer, S.I. (2014). Gifted children. In L. Grossman & S. Walfsh (Eds.), Translating psychological research into practice (pp. 57–67). New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Pfeiffer, S.I. (2021). Optimizing favorable outcomes when counseling the gifted: A best-practices approach. Gifted Education International, 37(1), 1-16. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429420969917
  • Pfeiffer, S.I., Shaunessy-Dedrick, E., & M. Foley-Nicpon (Eds.) (2018), APA handbook of giftedness and talent. American Psychological Association. Doi: 10.1037/0000038-033
  • Plowman, L., & Stephen, C. (2003). A ‘benign addition’? Research on ICT and pre-school children. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 19(2), 149-164.
  • Plunkett, M. (2000). Impacting on teacher attitudes toward gifted students. The Australasian Journal of Gifted Education, 9(2), 33-42.
  • Plunkett, M., & Kronborg, L. (2011). Learning to be a teacher of the gifted: The importance of examining opinions and challenging misconceptions. Gifted and Talented International, 26(1-2), 31-46.
  • Riley, T.L., Sampson, C., White, V., Wardman, J., & Walker, D. (2015). Connecting like-minded learners through flexible grouping. Set, (1), 25-33. Doi: 10.18296/set.0005
  • Ross, E.C., Polaschek, D.L.L., & Ward, T. (2008). The therapeutic alliance: A theoretical revision for offender rehabilitation. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 13, 462-480. DOI: 10.1016/j.avb.2008.07.003
  • Shavinina L.V. (2009) A New Approach to the Identification of Intellectually Gifted Individuals. In: L.V. Shavinina (Ed.) International Handbook on Giftedness (pp. 1017-1031). Springer, Dordrecht. Doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6162-2_51
  • Siegel, D.J. (2010). The mindful therapist. New York: Norton.
  • Trujillo, A. (2018). Academic, social and emotional perceptions of gifted and talented students in the elementary setting (Unpublished Master's thesis). Abilene Christian University. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/212872937.pdf
  • Webb, J.T., Gore, J.L., Amend, E.R., & DeVries, A R. (2007). A parent's guide to gifted children. Scottsdale, AZ: Great Potential Press.
  • White, M.M., Lambert, M.J., Ogles, B.M., Mclaughlin, S.B., Bailey, R.J., & Tingey, K.M. (2015). Using the Assessment for Signal Clients as a feedback tool for reducing treatment failure. Psychotherapy Research, 25(6), 724-734. Doi: 10.1080/10503307.2015.1009862
  • Whitmore, J.R. (1980). Giftedness, Conflict, and Underachievement. Boston, Ma: Pearson Allyn & Bacon.
  • Yermish, A. (2010). Cheetahs on the couch: Issues affecting the therapeutic working alliance with clients who are cognitively gifted. PhD thesis: Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology, April 2010.
  • Yermish, A. (2013). Gifted children. Comment on the evidence-based recommendations. In S.I. (2013). Serving the gifted. Evidence-based clinical and psychoeducational practice (pp. 60-64). New York: Routledge.
  • Yıldız., S., Altay, N. & Kılıcarslan-Toruner E. (2017). Health, care and family problems in gifted children: A literature review. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 5(3, 15-24. Doi: 10.17478/JEGYS.2017.62
  • Zakareski, M. (2018). When emotional intensity and cognitive rigidity collide: What can counselors and teachers do? Gifted Child Today, 41(4), 208-216.
  • Zilcha-Mano, S. (2017). Is the Alliance Really Therapeutic? Revisiting This Question in Light of Recent Methodological Advances. American Psychologist, 72(4), 311-325. Doi: 10.1037/a0040435

The conditions for establishing a therapeutic alliance between the counselor and the gifted client

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 23 - 32, 15.04.2021

Abstract

This article examines the issue of therapeutic alliance in counseling the gifted, focusing on the conditions essential to build a therapeutic alliance between the counselor and the patient. The subject of therapeutic counseling has been widely discussed by many psychologists, both from theoretical and practical points of view in many works. It has also been mentioned that such an alliance is the most important condition for achieving the goals of any psychological intervention. This work challenges some of the accepted principles about counseling in general and counselling the gifted in particular. While I do accept that having access to subjects that are of interest of the gifted client helps the therapist to connect with them, I have found that the issue of intelligence, not mentioned in any of the previous works dealing with therapeutic alliance, has been the most important one for establishing such an alliance. In my experience the most frequent complaint I have heard from gifted children and adolescents has been "they cannot understand me because they are not smart enough". It can be concluded that high intelligence is a necessary condition for a therapeutic alliance with the gifted.

References

  • Ackerman, S.J., & Hilsenroth, M.J. (2003). A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(1), 1-33. Doi: 10.1016/S0272-7358(02)00146-0
  • Ardito, R.B., & Rabellino, D. (2011). Therapeutic Alliance and Outcome of Psychotherapy: Historical Excursus, Measurements, and Prospects for Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 2: 270. Published online 2011 Oct 18. Doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00270
  • Armstrong, L.L., Desson, S., St. John, E., & Watt, E. (2019). The D.R.E.A.M. program: Developing resilience through emotions, attitudes, & meaning (gifted edition) – a second wave positive psychology approach. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 32(3-4), 307-332. Doi: 10.1080/09515070.2018.1559798
  • Berk, L. E. (2009). Child development (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Bratter, T. E. (2008). Advocacy: Its impact on the treatment alliance with gifted, self-destructive, and drug-abusing adolescents. In L.T. Flaherty (Ed.), The annals of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry: Vol. 30. Adolescent psychiatry (p. 85-101). The Analytic Press/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Bouchet, N. & Falk, F. (2001). The relationship among giftedness, gender, and overexcitability. Gifted Child Quarterly, 45(4), 260-267. Doi: 10.1177/001698620104500404
  • Castonguay, L.G., Constantino, M.J., & Holtforth, M.G. (2006). The working alliance: Where are we and where should we go? Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43(3), 271-279. Doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.43.3.271
  • David, H. (2006). The Taibe enrichment program for gifted children: How is it different from similar programs in the Jewish sector? The 37th conference of the Israeli Sociological Union Society: Sociology, Ethics and Politics, Bar Ilan University, Israel, 22nd-23rd February 2006.
  • David, H. (2009). Giftedness and immigration: Case study of a gifted family emigrating from Russia to Israel. Australasian Journal of Gifted Education, 18(1), 37-47.
  • David, H. (2011). The importance of teachers’ attitude in nurturing and educating gifted children. Gifted and Talented International, 26(1-2), 71-80.
  • David, H. (2014). Diagnosis of the gifted in Israel. Gifted Education International, 30(1) 87-90.
  • David, H. (2016). Diagnostic et enseignement pour les enfants hp: l'exemple d'Israël. Revue économique et sociale, 74(4), 103-112 [English version: Diagnosing and schooling of gifted children: The example of Israel].
  • David, H. (2020). On-line dynamic assessment of gifted children. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Delisle, J.R. (2001). Don’t Mention the “G” Word (Shhh!). Understanding Our Gifted, 13(3), 8.
  • Delisle, J.R. (2011). Don’t Mention the “G” Word (Shhh!). Understanding Our Gifted, 23(2), 15-16.
  • Elmaliach, I. (3.11.20). The most common names given in Israel. Retrieved from https://www.israelhayom.co.il/article/816297
  • Edmunds, A.L. & Edmunds, G.A. (2005). Sensitivity: A double-edged sword for the pre-adolescent and adolescent child. Roeper Review, 27(2), 69-77.
  • Gere, D.R., Capps, S.C., Mitchell, D.W. & ; Grubbs, E. (2009). Sensory Sensitivities of Gifted Children. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 63, 288-295. Doi: 10.5014/ajot.63.3.288
  • Goldschmidt, K. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Technology use to Support the Wellbeing of Children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 53, 88-90. Doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.04.013
  • Grobman, J. (2006). Underachievement in Exceptionally Gifted Adolescents and Young Adults: A Psychiatrist’s View. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 17(4), 199-210.
  • Grobman, J. (2009). A Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Approach to the Emotional Problems of Exceptionally and Profoundly Gifted Adolescents and Adults: A Psychiatrist’s Experience. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 33(1), 106-125.
  • Grobman, J. (n.d.). Therapy of a gifted, entitled 5-year old child – Isabella. Retrieved from Psychotherapy Services for The Gifted http://psychotherapyservicesforthegifted.com/therapy-gifted-entitled-5-year-old-child-isabella.html
  • Guénolé, F., Louis, J., Creveuil, C., Baleyte, J.M., Montlahuc, Fourneret, P., & Revol, O. (2013). Behavioral Profiles of Clinically Referred Children with Intellectual Giftedness. BioMed Research International, 2013. Doi: 10.1155/2013/540153
  • Handwerk, M.L., Huefner, J.C., Ringle, J.L., Howard, B.K., Soper, S.H., Almquist, J.K., & Chmelka, M.B. (2008). The role of therapeutic alliance in therapy outcomes for youth in residential care. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 25(2), 145-165. DOI: 10.1080/08865710802310152
  • Heinonen, E., & Nissen-Lie, H. A. (2020). The professional and personal characteristics of effective psychotherapists: A systematic review. Psychotherapy Research, 30(4), 417-432. Doi: 10.1080/10503307.2019.1620366
  • Heinonen, E., Lindfors, O., Härkänen, T., Virtala, E., Jääskeläinen, T., & Knekt, P. (2013). Therapists' Professional and Personal Characteristics as Predictors of Working Alliance in Short-Term and Long-Term Psychotherapies. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 21(6), 1-16. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.1852
  • Hollingworth, L. (1926). Gifted Children: Their nature and nurture. New York: McMillan.
  • Hood, B.S., Elrod, M.G. & DeWine, D.B. (2015). Treatment of Childhood Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics, 1, 155-167. Doi: 10.1007/s40746-015-0015-7
  • Horvath, A.O. (2001). The alliance. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 365-372. Doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.365.
  • Hudson, P., Hudson, S., Lewis, K., & Watters, J. J. (2010). Embedding gifted education in preservice teacher education: A collaborative school- university approach. Australasion Journal of Gifted Education, 19(2), 1-14.
  • Jeon, M.-H., & Myers, C. E. (2017). Triadic model for working with parents in child therapy settings. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(9), 1-8. Retrieved from http://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/36054/37049
  • Kazdin, A.E., Whitley, M., & Marciano, P. (2006). Child-therapist and parent-therapist alliance and therapeutic change in the treatment of children referred for oppositional, aggressive, and antisocial behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47(5), 436-445. Doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01475.x
  • Kennedy, K., & Farley, J. (2018). Counseling gifted students: School-based considerations and strategies. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 10(3), 361-367. Doi: 10.26822/iejee.2018336194
  • Kucirkova, N., Evertsen-Stanghelle, C., Studsrød, I., Bruheim-Jensen, I., & Størksen, I. (2020). Lessons for child–computer interaction studies following the research challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction,26. Doi: 10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100203
  • Lindahl, M., & Folkesson, A.M. (2012). ICT in preschool: Friend or foe? The significance of norms in a changing practice. International Journal of Early Years Education 20(4), 422-436. DOI: 10.1080/09669760.2012.743876
  • Liu, T., Shi, J., Zhang, Q., Zhao, D., & Yang, J. (2007). Neural Mechanisms of Auditory Sensory Processing in Children with High Intelligence. Neuroreport 18(15), 1571-1575. Doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3282ef7640
  • Ljung-Djärf, A.L., Åberg-Bengtsson, & Ottosson, T. (2005). Ways of relating to computer use in pre-school activity. International Journal of Early Years Education, 13(1) 29-41. Doi: 10.1080/09669760500048295
  • Luoma, J.B. & Vilardaga, J.P. (2013). Improving therapist psychological flexibility while training acceptance and commitment therapy: A pilot study. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 42(1), 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2012.701662
  • Macewan, Gregory H. (2008). The efforts of therapists in the first session to establish a therapeutic alliance. Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 269. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/269
  • Marshall, W.L., Serran, G.A., Fernandez, Y.M., Mulloy, R., Mann, R.E., & Thornton, D. (2003). Therapist characteristics in the treatment of sexual offenders: Tentative data on their relationship with indices of behavior change. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 9(1), 25-30.
  • Margrain, V., Lee, S., & Farquhar, S. E. (2013). Education of gifted young children: Contingency of views on first-hand experience and conceptions of giftedness. APEX: The New Zealand Journal of Gifted Education, 18(1), 1-13.
  • Mendaglio, S. (2002). Heightened multifaceted sensitivity of gifted students: Implications for counseling. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 14(2), 72-82. Doi: 10.4219/jsge-2003-421
  • Mendaglio, S. & Tillier, W. (2006). Dabrowski's theory of positive disintegration and giftedness: Overexcitability research findings. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 30(1), 68-87. Doi: 10.1177/016235320603000104
  • Meyers, M.C. (2015). From essence to excellence: A strengths-based approach to talent management. PhD dissertation, Tilburg University, Gildeprint: The Netherlands.
  • Moltzen, R. (2011). Historical perspectives. In R. Moltzen (Ed.), Gifted and talented: New Zealand perspectives (3rd ed., pp. 1-30). Auckland, New Zealand: Pearson.
  • Orlinsky, D.E., Rønnestad, M.H., Hartmann, A., Heinonen, E., & Willutzki, U. (2019). The personal self of psychotherapists: Dimensions, correlates, and relations with clients. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 461-475. Doi: 10.1002/jclp.22876
  • Owen, J., & Hilsenroth, M.J. (2014). Treatment adherence: The importance of therapist flexibility in relation to therapy outcomes. Journal of Counseling Psychology 61(2), 280-288. DOI: 10.1037/a0035753
  • Patterson, C.L., Uhlin, B., & Anderson, T. (2008). Clients' pretreatment counseling expectations as predictors of the working alliance. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55(4), 527-534. Doi: 10.1037/a0013289.
  • Peterson, J.S. (2018). Counseling gifted children and teens. In S.I. Pfeiffer, E. Shaunessy-Dedrick, & M. Foley-Nicpon (Eds.), APA handbook of giftedness and talent (pp. 511-527). American Psychological Association. Doi: 10.1037/0000038-033
  • Pfeiffer, S.I. (2014). Gifted children. In L. Grossman & S. Walfsh (Eds.), Translating psychological research into practice (pp. 57–67). New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Pfeiffer, S.I. (2021). Optimizing favorable outcomes when counseling the gifted: A best-practices approach. Gifted Education International, 37(1), 1-16. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429420969917
  • Pfeiffer, S.I., Shaunessy-Dedrick, E., & M. Foley-Nicpon (Eds.) (2018), APA handbook of giftedness and talent. American Psychological Association. Doi: 10.1037/0000038-033
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Counselling and Guidance of Gifted
Authors

Hanna David 0000-0002-7917-3152

Publication Date April 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA David, H. (2021). The conditions for establishing a therapeutic alliance between the counselor and the gifted client. Journal of Gifted Education and Creativity, 8(1), 23-32.