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Development of Inonu Procrastination Scale: Validity and Reliability Study

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 137 - 156, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.34137/jilses.1544656

Abstract

Procrastination, which is generally defined as delaying one's work to the point of subjective discomfort or leaving it to the last minute, is a behaviour seen in 15-20% of the adult population in the society. Procrastination, which has been shown to negatively affect psychological and physiological health in the long term, is not only a time management problem; it is considered as a psychological problem with emotional, cognitive and behavioural dimensions. It is important that procrastination behaviour, which has a scientific history of about 50 years, can be measured in all its dimensions while investigating its relationship with different variables or its effect on variables. The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to measure the general procrastination behaviour of adults. The study group consisted of parents of students studying in a primary school in the central district of Elazığ province. For the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted within the scope of construct validity of the scale, two separate sample groups were studied. Sample group I consisted of 490 parents (409 female, 81 male), while sample group II consisted of 278 parents (201 female, 77 male). As a result of EFA, a scale structure with 24 items and five factors was obtained. As a result of CFA, it was observed that the data-model fit of the scale had excellent and acceptable values (χ2/sd=1.610, CFI=.90, IFI=.90, SRMR=.07, RMSEA=.050 and PClose =.46). Within the scope of reliability analyses, the internal consistency of the scale was measured and Cronbach alpha and Spearman Brown reliability coefficients were calculated for the total and sub-dimensions of the scale. Cronbach alpha coefficient of the scale was .79 and Spearman Brown reliability coefficient was .78. As a result of the analysis of the data, the Inonu Procrastination Scale is considered to be a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the procrastination behaviour of adults.

References

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İnönü Erteleme Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 137 - 156, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.34137/jilses.1544656

Abstract

Genel olarak kişinin yapması gereken işleri öznel rahatsızlık yaşayacak kadar geciktirmesi ya da son dakikaya bırakması şeklinde tanımlanan erteleme, toplumdaki yetişkin nüfusun %15-20’sinde görülen bir davranıştır. Uzun vadede psikolojik ve fizyolojik sağlığı olumsuz yönde etkilediği ortaya konan erteleme davranışı, sadece bir zaman yönetimi sorunu değil; duygusal, bilişsel ve davranışsal boyutları olan bir psikolojik sorun olarak ele alınmaktadır. Yaklaşık 50 yıllık bir bilimsel geçmişe sahip olan erteleme davranışının farklı değişkenler ile olan ilişkisi ya da değişkenler üzerindeki etkisi araştırılırken tüm boyutlarıyla ölçülebilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, yetişkinlerin genel erteleme davranışlarını ölçmek üzere geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Çalışma grubu Elazığ ilinin Merkez ilçesinde bulunan bir ilkokulda öğrenim görmekte olan öğrenci velilerinden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği kapsamında yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) için iki ayrı örneklem grubuyla çalışılmıştır. I. örneklem grubu, 490 veliden (409 kadın, 81 erkek) oluşmaktayken; II. örneklem grubu 278 veliden (201 kadın, 77 erkek) oluşmaktadır. Yapılan AFA sonucunda 24 madde ve beş faktörlü bir ölçek yapısı elde edilmiştir. DFA sonucunda ise ölçeğin veri-model uyumunun mükemmel ve kabul edilebilir değerlere sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir (χ2/sd=1.610, CFI=.90, IFI=.90, SRMR=.07, RMSEA=.050 ve PClose =.46). Güvenirlik analizleri kapsamında ölçeğin iç tutarlılığı ölçülmüş, ölçeğin toplamı ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin Cronbach alpha ve Spearman Brown güvenirlik katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .79, Spearman Brown güvenirlik katsayısı ise .78’dir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda, İnönü Erteleme Ölçeği’nin yetişkinlerin erteleme davranışını belirlemede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu düşünülmektedir.

References

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  • Alblwi, A., Stefanidis, A., Phalp, K., & Ali, R. (2019). Procrastination on social networking sites: Combating by design. In 2019 13th International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS) (pp. 1-11). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RCIS.2019.8876959
  • Balkıs, M. (2006). Öğretmen adaylarının davranışlarındaki erteleme eğilimlerinin, düşünme ve karar verme tarzları ile ilişkisi. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Applications of structural equation modeling in marketing and consumer research: A review. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8116(95)00038-0
  • Blunt, A., & Pychyl, T. A. (1998). Volitional action and inaction in the lives of undergraduate students: State orientation, procrastination and proneness to boredom. Personality and Individual Differences, 24(6), 837-846. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00018-X
  • Burka, J. B., & Yuen, L. M. (2008). Procrastination: Why you do it, what to do about it now. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32(32), 470-483.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2015). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı (21. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. (2. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS, EQS, and LISREL: Comparative approaches to testing for the factorial validity of a measuring instrument. International journal of testing, 1(1), 55-86. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327574IJT0101_4
  • Choi, J. N., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Why not procrastinate? Development and validation of a new active procrastination scale. The Journal of social psychology, 149(2), 195-212.
  • Chun Chu, A. H., & Choi, J. N. (2005). Rethinking procrastination: Positive effects of" active" procrastination behavior on attitudes and performance. The Journal of social psychology, 145(3), 245-264.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2021). Eğitimde araştırma yöntemleri. (E. Dinç, K. Kıroğlu, Çev.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Coldron, J., & Boulton P. (1999). A case study of a parent’s educational practice. International Studies in Sociology of Education. 9 (1). 77-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/09620219900200034
  • Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (2013). A first course in factor analysis. (2nd edition). UK: Taylor & Francis.
  • Constantin, K., English, M. M., & Mazmanian, D. (2018). Anxiety, depression, and procrastination among students: Rumination plays a larger mediating role than worry. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 36, 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-017-0271-5
  • Christmann, E. P., & Badgett, J. L. (2009). Interpreting assessment data: Statistical techniques you can use. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri: NSTA Press.
  • Çakıcı, D. Ç. (2003). Lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinde genel erteleme ve akademik erteleme davranışının incelenmesi. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Çokluk, U., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2014). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları
  • Dryden, W. (2000). Ertelemek yaşamı kaçırmaktır. (G. Günay, Çev.) İstanbul: Rota Yayınları.
  • Evans, B., Glendon, A. I., & Creed, P. A. (2007). Development and initial validation of an Aviation Safety Climate Scale. Journal of safety research, 38(6), 675-682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2007.09.005
  • Farran, B. (2004). Predictors of academic procrastination in college students. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Fordham University. ABD.
  • Ferrari, J. R., & Díaz-Morales, J. F. (2014). Procrastination and mental health coping: A brief report related to students. Individual Differences Research, 12(1), 8-11.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. (3rd Edition). California: SAGE Publications.
  • Flett, G. L., Blankstein, K. R., Hewitt, P. L., & Koledin, S. (1992). Components of perfectionism and procrastination in college students. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 20(2), 85-94. DOI 10.2444/sbp.1992.20.2.85
  • Gautam, A., Polizzi, C. P., & Mattson, R. E. (2023). Mindfulness, procrastination, and anxiety: Assessing their interrelationships. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 10(4), 441–453. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000209
  • Güneş, F., & Deveci, T. (2020). Yetişkin eğitimi ve hayat boyu öğrenme. (5. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
  • Gürbüz, S. (2021). AMOS ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. (2. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık Harriott, J., & Ferrari, J. R. (1996). Prevalence of procrastination among samples of adults. Psychological reports, 78(2), 611-616. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.2.611
  • Haycock, L. A., McCarthy, P., & Skay, C. L. (1998). Procrastination in college students: The role of self‐efficacy and anxiety. Journal of counseling & development, 76(3), 317-324.
  • Hernández, A., Hidalgo, M. D., Hambleton, R. K., & Gómez Benito, J. (2020). International test commission guidelines for test adaptation: A criterion checklist. Psicothema, 32(3), 390-398.
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There are 66 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Scale Development
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Didem Yılmaz Aydın 0000-0003-2288-7741

Mustafa Kutlu 0000-0002-1919-7371

Publication Date December 25, 2024
Submission Date September 6, 2024
Acceptance Date December 9, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yılmaz Aydın, D., & Kutlu, M. (2024). İnönü Erteleme Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 10(2), 137-156. https://doi.org/10.34137/jilses.1544656