Investigation of Fatty Acid Composition and Therapeutic Potential of Methanol Extract of Agaricus campestris

Abstract

Recent reports indicate that mushrooms have very promising pharmacological potential. Agaricus campestris is an edible fungus species with bio-activity. This study aimed to screen the anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative activities, and fatty acid composition of methanol extract of A. campestris (AC). The quantitative analysis of fatty acids of AC was evaluated by GC-MS spectrometer. For the determination of antioxidant activity, DPPH free radical scavenging test, ABTS radical scavenging activity, Ferric ions reduction assay and Ferrous ions chelation assays were used. The antiproliferative effect of AC was determined by the time and dose dependent with WST-1 cell viability analysis in human colon (HT-29), breast (MCF-7) and brain (U373) cancer cell lines. Linoleic acid (18: 2, ω-6), which is the unsaturated fatty acid, was analyzed at 56.45% and the saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (16: 0) was analyzed at 28.74% as the major components in AC. It was observed that AC, whose antioxidant activity parameters were evaluated in wide concentration ranges, displayed a linear increase in antioxidant activity with increasing concentration. AC showed the highest antiproliferative effect in HT-29 cells with an IC50 value of 52.62 μg mL-1 for 24 h treatment. These results provide interesting data for further research on A. campestris, and its strong antiproliferative potential particularly on cancer cells, indicates that the mushroom is worth further investigation.

Keywords

• Agaricus campestris
• Antioxidant
• Antiproliferative
• Fatty acid composition

Agaricus campestris Metanol Ekstraktının Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonu ve Terapötik Potansiyelinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar mantarların çok umut verici farmakolojik potansiyele sahip olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Agaricus campestris, önemli biyoaktiviteye sahip yenilebilir bir mantar türüdür. Bu çalışmada, A. campestris metanol ekstraktının (AC) antioksidan ve antiproliferatif aktiviteleri ile yağ asidi kompozisyonunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. AC içeriğindeki yağ asitlerinin kantitatif analizi GC-MS spektrometresi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Antioksidan aktivitenin belirlemesi için ise DPPH serbest radikali giderme testi, ABTS katyon radikali giderme aktivitesi, ferrik iyonlarını indirgeme testi ve Ferröz iyonlarını şelatlama testleri kullanılmıştır. AC ekstraktının antiproliferatif etkisi ise insan kolon (HT-29), meme (MCF-7) ve beyin (U373) kanseri hücre hatlarında zaman ve doz bağımlı olarak WST-1 hücre canlılığı analizi ile belirlenmiştir. AC içeriğinde baskın bileşenler olarak doymamış yağ asidi olan linoleik asit (18:2, ω-6) %56.45 oranında ve doymuş yağ asidi olan palmitik asit (16:0) %28.74 oranında analiz edilmiştir. Antioksidan aktivite parametreleri geniş konsantrasyon aralıklarında değerlendirildiğinde, artan konsantrasyon ile lineer bir antioksidan aktivite artışı gözlendi. AC 24 saatlik tedavide HT-29 hücrelerinde 52.62 μg mL-1 IC50 değeri ile en yüksek antiproliferatif etkiyi göstermiştir. Bu bulgular, A. campestris hakkında daha fazla araştırma yapmak için ilginç veriler ortaya koymaktadır, ve özellikle kanser hücreleri üzerindeki güçlü antiproliferatif potansiyel mantarın daha fazla araştırılmaya değer olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Agaricus campestris
• Antioksidan
• Antiproliferatif
• Yag asidi kompozisyonu

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