Evaluation of Some Characteristics of Local Oat Genotypes Collected from the Central and Western Black Sea Region

Abstract

In this study, 251 oat populations and 4 oat cultivars collected from 10 provinces (Düzce, Bolu, Zonguldak, Karabük, Kastamonu, Ordu, Sinop, Samsun, Amasya ve Tokat) in the Central and Western Black Sea region were used. According to the results of the two-year, it was determined that there were significant differences between years and genotypes in terms of all characteristics examined. Year × genotype interaction was found to be significant only for the number of spikelet per panicle, the number of kernels per panicle, kernel weight per panicle, kernel length and groat percentage. In the study, a large variation was determined among genotypes in terms of characteristics examined, and the panicle length ranged from 21.27 to 37.70 cm, number of spikelet per panicle from 26.08 to 75.35 pieces, number of kernel per spikelet from 1.64 to 2.43 pieces, number of kernel per panicle from 51.54 to 155.00 pieces, kernel weight per panicle from 1.44 to 4.85 g, thousand-kernel weight from 18.55 to 38.41 g, kernel length from 9.81 to 15.72 mm, kernel width from 1.96 to 2.94 mm, groat percentage 51.85 to 77.78 % and glume length from 18.12 to 29.76 mm.

Keywords

• Oat
• Local cultivar
• Collected
• Panicle

Orta ve Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinden Toplanan Yerel Yulaf Genotiplerinin Bazı Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Orta ve Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde 10 ilden (Düzce, Bolu, Zonguldak, Karabük, Kastamonu, Ordu, Sinop, Samsun, Amasya ve Tokat) toplanan 251 adet yulaf populasyonu ve 4 adet yulaf çeşidi kullanılmıştır. İki yıllık çalışma sonuçlara göre, bütün incelenen özellikler bakımından yıllar ve genotipler arasında önemli farklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yıl × genotip interaksiyonu sadece salkımda başakçık sayısı, salkımda tane sayısı, salkımda tane ağırlığı, tane boyu ve iç oranı için önemli bulunmuştur. Çalışmada genotipler arasında oldukça geniş varyasyon tespit edilmiş ve genotiplerin salkım uzunluğu 21.27 ile 37.70 cm, salkımda başakçık sayısı 26.08 ile 75.35 adet, başakçıkta tane sayısı 1.64 ile 2.43 adet, salkımda tane sayısı 51.54 ile 155.00 adet, salkımda tane ağırlığı 1.44 ile 4.85 g, bin tane ağırlığı 18.55 ile 38.41 g, tane boyu 9.81 ile 15.72 mm, tane eni 1.96 ile 2.94 mm, iç oranı % 51.85 ile 77.78 ve dış kavuz uzunluğu 18.12 ile 29.76 mm arasında değişmiştir.

Keywords

• Yulaf
• Yerel Çeşit
• Toplama
• Salkım

References

1. Anonim, 2019a. The Food and Agriculture Organization. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data (Erişim Tarihi: 11. 12. 2020)
2. Anonim, 2019b. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr (Erişim Tarihi: 11.12.2020)
3. Batalova GA, Changzhong R, Rusakova II, Krotova NV, 2010. Breeding of Naked Oats. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 36(2): 93-95.
4. Boyle R, Corke F, Howarth C, 2015. Image-Based Estimation Of Oat Panicle Development Using Local Texture Patterns. Functional Plant Biology, 42(5): 433-443.
5. Brunava L, Alsıņa, I, Zute, S. 2014. Oat Grain Yield Variations Associated With Productivity Parameters Among Oat Cultivars Grown in Latvia. Fifth International Scientific Agricultural Symposium Agrosym 2014, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Jahorina, October 23-26, pp: 138-144.
6. Buerstmayr H, Krenn N, Stephan U, Grausgruber H, Zechner H, 2007. Agronomic Performance and Quality of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Genotypes of Worldwide Origin Produced under Central European Growing Conditions. Field Crops Research, 101(3): 343-351.
7. Çalıskan M, Koç A, 2019. Batı Akdeniz Bölgesi’ne Ait Yerel Yulaf Genotiplerinin Morfolojik Karakterizasyonu. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 28(1): 7-18.
8. Diederichsen, A, 2008. Assessments of Genetic Diversity Within a World Collection of Cultivated Hexaploid Oat (Avena sativa L.) Based on Qualitative Morphological Characters. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 55(3): 419-440.

9. Doehlert DC, Mcmullen MS, Baumann RR, 1999. Factors Affecting Groat Percentage in Oat. Crop Sciences, 39:1858-1865.
10. Doehlert DC, Mcmullen, MS, Hammond, JJ, (2001).Genotyping and Environmental Effects on Grain Yield and Quality of Oat Grown in North Dakota. Crop Sci., 41:1066-1072.
11. Doehlert DC, Mcmullen MS, Jannınk JL, (2006). Oat Grain/Groat Size Ratios: A Physical Basis for Test Weight. Cereal Chemistyr, 83(1): 114-118.
12. Dumlupınar Z, Tekin A, Herek, S, Tanrıkulu, A, Dokuyucu T, Akkaya A, 2017. Türkiye Kökenli Yulaf Genotiplerinin Bazı Tarımsal Özellikler Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi. Türk Tarım-Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, 5(7): 763-772.
13. Dumlupinar Z, Kara R, Dokuyucu, T, Akkaya A, 2012. Correlation and Path Analysis Of Grain Yield And Yield Components Of Some Turkish Oat Genotypes. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(1): 321-325.
14. Dumlupinar Z, Maral H, Rukiye K, Dokuyucu T, Akkaya A, 2011. Evaluation of Turkish Oat Landraces Based on Grain Yield, Yield Components and Some Quality Traits. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 16(2): 190-196.
15. Erbaş ÖD, Mut Z, 2013. Saf Hat Yulaf Genotiplerinin Tarımsal Ve Bazı Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. 10. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, Konya, 19-13 Eylül, pp: 821-829.
16. Federer WT, 2005. Augmented split block experiment design. Agron. J. 97(2): 578-586.
17. Finnan J, Burke B, Spink J, 2019. The Plasticity of the Oat Panicle and Associated Changes in Leaf Area and Grain Weight. Field Crops Research, 242: 107592.
18. JMP, 2007. JMP User Guide, Release 7 Copyright© 2007, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
19. Kapoor R, Bajaj RK, Sidhu N, Kaur S, 2011. Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Oat (Avena sativa L.). International Journal of Plant Breeding, 5(2): 133-136.
20. Kaziu I, Kashta F, Celami A, 2019. Estimation of Grain Yield, Grain Components and Correlations between Them in some Oat Cultivars. Albanian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 18(1): 13-19.
21. Koeyer DL, Stuthman DD, Fulcher RG, Pomeranke GJ, 1993. Effects of recurrent selection for grain yield on oat kernel morphology. Crop science, 33(5): 924-928.
22. Krishna A, Ahmed S, Pandey HC, Kumar V, 2014. Correlation, Path and Diversity Analysis of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Genotypes for Grain and Fodder Yield. Journal of Plant Science & Research, 1(2): 1-9.
23. Kutlu I, Gulmezoglu N, 2020. Morpho-agronomic Characters of Oat growing with Humic Acid and Zinc Application in Different Sowing Times. Plant Science Today, 7(4): 594-600.
24. Kün E, 1988. Serin iklim Tahılları S: 216. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 1032, Ders Kitabı No: 299.
25. McBratney BD, Frey KJ, 1983. Inheritance of Tertiary Seed Development in Oats. Cereal Research Communications, 91-97.
26. Mut Z, Akay H, Erbaş Köse ÖD, 2018a. Grain Yield, Quality Traits and Grain Yield Stability of Local Oat Cultivars. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 18 (1): 269-281.
27. Mut Z, Akay H, Sezer İ, Gülümser A, Öner F, Erbaş Ö, 2011. Farklı Orijinli Yulaf (Avena sativa L.) Genotiplerinin Samsun Ekolojik Koşullarında Tarımsal ve Bazı Kalite Özelliklerinin Tespiti. 9. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, Bursa, 12-15 Eylül, pp: 88-93.
28. Mut Z, Erbaş Köse ÖD, Akay H, 2016. Grain yield and some quality traits of different oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes. International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research, 2 (12): 83-88.
29. Mut Z, Erbaş Köse ÖD, Akay H, 2018b. Variation of Some Physical and Chemical Quality Traits of the Grains in Different Parts of The Oat Panicle. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 20: 268-276.
30. Nikoloudakis N, Bladenopoulos K, Katsiotis A, 2016. Structural Patterns and Genetic Diversity Among Oat (Avena) Landraces Assessed by Microsatellite Markers and Morphological Analysis. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 63(5): 801-811.
31. Rasane P, Jha A, Sabikhi L, Kumar A, Unnikrishnan VS (2015) Nutritional Advantages of Oats and Opportunities for Its Processing as Value Added Foods. J Food Sci Technol., 52:662-675.
32. Sainio PP, Kontturi M, Rajala A, 2004. Impact Dehulling Oat Grain Improve Quality of On-Farm Produced Feed I. Hullability and Associated Changes in Nutritive Value and Energy Content. Agricultural and Food Science, 13: 18-28.
33. Sarı N, Ünay A, 2015. Yulafta (Avena sativa L.) Tane Verimini Etkileyen Özelliklerin Belirlenmesi. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(2): 115-123.
34. Sawicki J, (1984). The Structure of Yield Ġn Varieties And Strains of Oats, and The Contributions of Components of Yield in The Formatin of Grain Yield. Acta Agraria et Silvestria, Agraria, 23:59-77.
35. Sürek H, Valentıne J, 1996. Kültürü Yapılan Yulafta (Avena sativa L.) Bazı Kantitatif Karakterler Arasındaki İlişkiler ve Kalıtım Dereceleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(3): 39-43.
36. Vaisi H, Golparvar AR, 2013. Determination of the Best Indirect Selection Criteria to Improve Grain Yield and Seed Weight in Oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes. IJFAS, 2: 747-750.
37. Vilaró M, Rebuffo M, Miranda C, Pritsch C, Abadie TM, 2004. Characterization and Analysis of A Collection of (Avena sativa L.) from Uruguay. Plant Genet Res. News. 140:23-31.
38. Webster FH, 2012. Oat. In: R. Henry and P. Kettlewell (Eds) Cereal grain quality, Springer Science & Business Media, Londan, UK, pp: 179-199.
39. Welch RW, Brown JCW, Leggett JM, 2000. Interspecific and Intraspecific Variation in Grain and Groat Characteristics of Wild Oat (Avena) Species: Very High Groat (1→ 3),(1→ 4)-β-D-glucan in an Avena Atlantica Genotype. Journal of Cereal Science, 31(3): 273-279.