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STEM Eğitim Yaklaşımının 2018 Fen Bilimleri Öğretim Programı Kapsamında Uygulanabilirliğinin İncelenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 223 - 246, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.37995/jotcsc.794547

Abstract

Bu çalışmada STEM eğitim yaklaşımı ve 2018 Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı arasındaki ilişkinin STEM eğitim yaklaşımı bağlamında incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışma bir doküman analizi çalışmasıdır ve bu kapsamda güncel fen bilimleri programı beş farklı boyutta incelenmiştir. Analiz birimi olarak güncel fen bilimleri programında yer alan kazanımlar, kazanımların içeriğindeki ifadeler kullanılmıştır. STEM eğitim yaklaşımının uygulanabilirliği açısından programın amaçları, öğretim yaklaşımı, kazanımları, öğretmenin ve öğrencinin rolleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca 2017 yılında yayınlanan programın yapısı ile 2018 yılında yapılan güncelleme de bu kapsamda ele alınmıştır. Yapılan doküman analizi sonucunda amaçları, desteklediği öğretim (öğrenme) yaklaşımları, öğretmenin ve öğrencinin rolleri açısından program değerlendirildiğinde; STEM eğitim yaklaşımı bu program kapsamında uygulanabilir bulunmuştur. Kazanımlar boyutuyla bakıldığında fen bilimleri öğretim programının, STEM eğitim yaklaşımının özellikle mühendislik tasarım sürecini belirli kazanımlar aracılığıyla ve özellikle “tasarlama” eylemi kullanılarak sunmaya çalıştığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu kapsamda; 2017 programındaki kazanımların mühendislik tasarım süreçlerinin bütün basamaklarını içerdiği, 2018’de güncellenen programda yer alan kazanımların ise mühendislik tasarım sürecinin bir basamağı olan “tasarım” boyutuna yönelik olduğu saptanmıştır. STEM eğitim yaklaşımı açısından ele alındığında, güncel programın mühendislik tasarım sürecindeki bütün aşamalara yönelik kazanımları içermemesi ve değinilen kazanımları uygun sırada sunmaması bir eksiklik olarak değerlendirilmiştir.

References

  • Aranda, M. L., Lie, R., & Guzey, S. S. (2020). Productive thinking in middle school science students’ design conversations in a design-based engineering challenge. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 30(1), 67-81.
  • Aranda, M. L., Lie, R., Guzey, S. S., Makarsu, M., Johnston, A., & Moore, T. J. (2020). Examining teacher talk in an engineering design-based science curricular unit. Research in Science Education, 50(2), 469-487.
  • Atman, C. J., Adams, R. S., Cardella, M. E., Turns, J., Mosborg, S., & Saleem, J. (2007). Engineering design processes: A comparison of students and expert practitioners. Journal of Engineering Education, 96(4), 359–379.
  • Aydeniz, M. (2017). Eğitim sistemimiz ve 21. yüzyıl hayalimiz: 2045 hedeflerine İlerlerken, Türkiye için STEM odaklı ekonomik bir yol haritası. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
  • Bodner, G., & Elmas, R. (2020). The Impact of Inquiry-Based, Group-Work Approaches to Instruction on Both Students and Their Peer Leaders. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 8(1), 51-66.
  • Brophy, S., Klein, S., Portsmore, M., & Rogers, C. (2008). Advancing engineering education in P‐12 classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education, 97(3), 369-387.
  • Brunsell, E. (2012). Integrating engineering and science in your classroom. Arlington, VA: NSTA Press.
  • Bybee, R. W. (2010). Advancing STEM education: A 2020 vision. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 70(1), 30-35.
  • Chesloff, J. D. (2013). STEM education must start in early childhood. Education Week, 32(23), 27-32.
  • Çorlu, M. S., Capraro, R. M. & Capraro, M. M. (2014). Introducing STEM education: implications for educating our teachers for the age of innovation. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(171). 74-85.
  • Daugherty, J. (2012). Infusing engineering concepts: Teaching engineering design. Publications. Paper 170. 20 Eylül 2020 tarihinde https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/ncete_publications/170 adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Elmas, R. (2020). Bağlamın Anlamı ve Nitelikleri ve Öğrencilerin Fen Eğitiminde Bağlam Tercihleri. Türkiye Kimya Derneği Dergisi Kısım C: Kimya Eğitimi, 5(1), 53-70.
  • Elmas, R., & Geban, Ö. (2012). Web 2.0 tools for 21st century teachers. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(1), 243-254.
  • Elmas, R., Öztürk, N., Irmak, M., & Cobern, W. W. (2014). An investigation of teacher response to national science curriculum reforms in Turkey. International Journal of Physics & Chemistry Education, 6(1), 2-33.
  • English, L. D. (2017). Advancing elementary and middle school STEM education. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 15(1), 5-24.
  • Fitzpatrick, E. (2007). Innovation America: A Final Report. National Governors Association. Washington, DC. 26 Eylül 2020 tarihinde https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED504101.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Fukuyama, M. (2018). Society 5.0: Aiming for a new human-centered society. Japan Spotlight, 1, 47-50.
  • Guzey, S. S., Moore, T. J., Harwell, M., & Moreno, M. (2016). STEM integration in middle school life science: Student learning and attitudes. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(4), 550-560.
  • Hermann, M., Pentek, T., & Otto, B. (2015) Design principles for Industrie 4.0 scenarios: A literature review. Technical Report 1. Technical University of Dortmund and Audi.
  • Hoeg, D. G., & Bencze, J. L. (2017). Values underpinning STEM education in the USA: An analysis of the Next Generation Science Standards. Science Education, 101(2), 278-301.
  • Hynes, M., Portsmore, M., Dare, E., Milto, E., Rogers, C., Hammer, D., & Carberry, A. (2011). Infusing engineering design into high school STEM courses. National Center for Engineering and Technology Education, 10 Eylül 2020 tarihinde http:// ncete.org/flash/pdfs/Infusing_Engineering_Hynes.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Jang, H. (2016). Identifying 21st century STEM competencies using workplace data. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(2), 284-301.
  • Johnston, A. C., Akarsu, M., Moore, T. J., & Guzey, S. S. (2019). Engineering as the integrator: A case study of one middle school science teacher's talk. Journal of Engineering Education, 108(3), 418-440.
  • Maness, J. & Holtzin, R. K. (2015). STEM education for the 21st century and beyond. Opednews. 11 Eylül 2020 tarihinde https://www.opednews.com/articles/S-T-E-M-Education-For-the-by-Joe-Maness-Apps_Boeing_Education_Engineering-150110-854.html adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Margot, K. C., & Kettler, T. (2019). Teachers’ perception of STEM integration and education: a systematic literature review. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(1), 1-16.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2016. STEM eğitimi raporu. Ankara: Yenilik ve Eğitim Teknolojileri Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2005. Fen ve Teknoloji Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2013. Fen Bilimleri Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2017. Fen ve Bilimleri Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) (Taslak)Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2018. Fen Bilimleri Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Moore, T. J., & Smith, K. A. (2014). Advancing the state of the art of STEM integration. Journal of STEM Education: Innovations and Research, 15(1), 5-10.
  • Moore, T. J., Glancy, A. W., Tank, K. M., Kersten, J. A., Stohlmann, M. S., Ntow, F. D., & Smith, K. A. (2013, June). A framework for implementing quality K-12 engineering education. In 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition (pp. 23-46).
  • Moore, T. J., Guzey, S. S., & Brown, A. (2014). Greenhouse design to increase habitable land: An engineering unit. Science Scope, 37(7), 51-57.
  • Moore, T. J., Stohlmann, M. S., Wang, H. H., Tank, K. M., Glancy, A. W., & Roehrig, G. H. (2014). Implementation and integration of engineering in K-12 STEM education. In Engineering in pre-college settings: Synthesizing research, policy, and practices (pp. 35-60). Purdue University Press.
  • NRC (National Research Council) (2009). Engineering in K12 education: Understanding the status and improving the prospects. Committee on K-12 Engineering Education. L. Katehi, G. Pearson and M. Feder. Washington, DC: 234.
  • Özcan, H., & Koca, E. (2019). STEM yaklaşımı ile basınç konusu öğretiminin ortaokul 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin akademik başarılarına ve STEM’e yönelik tutumlarına etkisi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 44(198), 201-227.
  • Radloff, J., & Guzey, S. (2016). Investigating preservice STEM teacher conceptions of STEM education. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(5), 759-774.
  • Roberts, A. (2012). A justification for STEM education. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 71(8), 1-4.
  • Roth, W. (2001). Learning Science through technological design. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38(7), 768-790.
  • Sanders, M. (2009). STEM, STEM Education, STEM mania. Technology Teacher, 68(4), 20 26.
  • Stohlmann, M., Moore, T. J., & Roehrig, G. H. (2012). Considerations for Teaching Integrated STEM Education. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER), 2(1), 28-34.
  • Thomas, J., & Williams, C. (2009). The history of specialized STEM schools and the formation and role of the NCSSSMST. Roeper Review, 32(1), 17-24.
  • Wagner, T. (2008). Rigor redefined. Educational Leadership, 66(2), 20-24.
  • Webb, D. (2013). STEM Lesson Essentials, Grades 3-8: integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Teacher Education and Practice, 26(2), 358-364.
  • Wendell, K. B. & Rogers, C. (2013). Engineering design‐based science, science content performance, and science attitudes in elementary school. Journal of Engineering Education, 102(4), 513-540.
  • White, D. W. (2014). What is STEM education and why is it important. Florida Association of Teacher Educators Journal, 1(14), 1-9.
  • Yıldırım, H., & Gelmez-Burakgazi, S. (2020). Research on STEM education studies in Turkey: A qualitative meta-synthesis study. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, doi: 10.9779/pauefd.590319

Examination of the Applicability of STEM Education Approach in the Context of 2018 Science Curriculum

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 223 - 246, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.37995/jotcsc.794547

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationship between the STEM education approach and the 2018 Science Curriculum in the context of STEM education's applicability at the classroom level. This study is a document analysis, and within this scope, the current science curriculum was examined in five different dimensions. Objectives and sentences in the current science curriculum were used as the unit of analysis. The program's aims, the teaching approach, the objectives, the teacher's roles, and the student were evaluated in terms of the STEM education approach's applicability. The program structure published in 2017 was evaluated within this scope compared to the update made in 2018. As a result of the document analysis, the STEM education approach was found to be convenient considering the program's purposes, the teaching approaches it supports, and the roles of the teacher and the student. Considering the objectives dimension, it has been found that the science curriculum tries to present the engineering design process through particular objectives and especially by using the act of "designing". In the 2017 curriculum, although there is a set of objectives that include all engineering design process steps in this context, the curriculum's objectives updated in 2018 focus mostly on "design", which is only one dimension of the engineering design process. In terms of the STEM education approach, it has been determined as a deficiency that the current program does not include all the objectives covering engineering design, at least in the appropriate order and complete.

References

  • Aranda, M. L., Lie, R., & Guzey, S. S. (2020). Productive thinking in middle school science students’ design conversations in a design-based engineering challenge. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 30(1), 67-81.
  • Aranda, M. L., Lie, R., Guzey, S. S., Makarsu, M., Johnston, A., & Moore, T. J. (2020). Examining teacher talk in an engineering design-based science curricular unit. Research in Science Education, 50(2), 469-487.
  • Atman, C. J., Adams, R. S., Cardella, M. E., Turns, J., Mosborg, S., & Saleem, J. (2007). Engineering design processes: A comparison of students and expert practitioners. Journal of Engineering Education, 96(4), 359–379.
  • Aydeniz, M. (2017). Eğitim sistemimiz ve 21. yüzyıl hayalimiz: 2045 hedeflerine İlerlerken, Türkiye için STEM odaklı ekonomik bir yol haritası. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
  • Bodner, G., & Elmas, R. (2020). The Impact of Inquiry-Based, Group-Work Approaches to Instruction on Both Students and Their Peer Leaders. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 8(1), 51-66.
  • Brophy, S., Klein, S., Portsmore, M., & Rogers, C. (2008). Advancing engineering education in P‐12 classrooms. Journal of Engineering Education, 97(3), 369-387.
  • Brunsell, E. (2012). Integrating engineering and science in your classroom. Arlington, VA: NSTA Press.
  • Bybee, R. W. (2010). Advancing STEM education: A 2020 vision. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 70(1), 30-35.
  • Chesloff, J. D. (2013). STEM education must start in early childhood. Education Week, 32(23), 27-32.
  • Çorlu, M. S., Capraro, R. M. & Capraro, M. M. (2014). Introducing STEM education: implications for educating our teachers for the age of innovation. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(171). 74-85.
  • Daugherty, J. (2012). Infusing engineering concepts: Teaching engineering design. Publications. Paper 170. 20 Eylül 2020 tarihinde https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/ncete_publications/170 adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Elmas, R. (2020). Bağlamın Anlamı ve Nitelikleri ve Öğrencilerin Fen Eğitiminde Bağlam Tercihleri. Türkiye Kimya Derneği Dergisi Kısım C: Kimya Eğitimi, 5(1), 53-70.
  • Elmas, R., & Geban, Ö. (2012). Web 2.0 tools for 21st century teachers. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 4(1), 243-254.
  • Elmas, R., Öztürk, N., Irmak, M., & Cobern, W. W. (2014). An investigation of teacher response to national science curriculum reforms in Turkey. International Journal of Physics & Chemistry Education, 6(1), 2-33.
  • English, L. D. (2017). Advancing elementary and middle school STEM education. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 15(1), 5-24.
  • Fitzpatrick, E. (2007). Innovation America: A Final Report. National Governors Association. Washington, DC. 26 Eylül 2020 tarihinde https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED504101.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Fukuyama, M. (2018). Society 5.0: Aiming for a new human-centered society. Japan Spotlight, 1, 47-50.
  • Guzey, S. S., Moore, T. J., Harwell, M., & Moreno, M. (2016). STEM integration in middle school life science: Student learning and attitudes. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(4), 550-560.
  • Hermann, M., Pentek, T., & Otto, B. (2015) Design principles for Industrie 4.0 scenarios: A literature review. Technical Report 1. Technical University of Dortmund and Audi.
  • Hoeg, D. G., & Bencze, J. L. (2017). Values underpinning STEM education in the USA: An analysis of the Next Generation Science Standards. Science Education, 101(2), 278-301.
  • Hynes, M., Portsmore, M., Dare, E., Milto, E., Rogers, C., Hammer, D., & Carberry, A. (2011). Infusing engineering design into high school STEM courses. National Center for Engineering and Technology Education, 10 Eylül 2020 tarihinde http:// ncete.org/flash/pdfs/Infusing_Engineering_Hynes.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Jang, H. (2016). Identifying 21st century STEM competencies using workplace data. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(2), 284-301.
  • Johnston, A. C., Akarsu, M., Moore, T. J., & Guzey, S. S. (2019). Engineering as the integrator: A case study of one middle school science teacher's talk. Journal of Engineering Education, 108(3), 418-440.
  • Maness, J. & Holtzin, R. K. (2015). STEM education for the 21st century and beyond. Opednews. 11 Eylül 2020 tarihinde https://www.opednews.com/articles/S-T-E-M-Education-For-the-by-Joe-Maness-Apps_Boeing_Education_Engineering-150110-854.html adresinden alınmıştır.
  • Margot, K. C., & Kettler, T. (2019). Teachers’ perception of STEM integration and education: a systematic literature review. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(1), 1-16.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2016. STEM eğitimi raporu. Ankara: Yenilik ve Eğitim Teknolojileri Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2005. Fen ve Teknoloji Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2013. Fen Bilimleri Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2017. Fen ve Bilimleri Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) (Taslak)Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) 2018. Fen Bilimleri Dersi (4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıflar) Öğretim Programı. MEB Yayınları, Ankara. 20 Ağustos 2020 tarihinde http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Moore, T. J., & Smith, K. A. (2014). Advancing the state of the art of STEM integration. Journal of STEM Education: Innovations and Research, 15(1), 5-10.
  • Moore, T. J., Glancy, A. W., Tank, K. M., Kersten, J. A., Stohlmann, M. S., Ntow, F. D., & Smith, K. A. (2013, June). A framework for implementing quality K-12 engineering education. In 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition (pp. 23-46).
  • Moore, T. J., Guzey, S. S., & Brown, A. (2014). Greenhouse design to increase habitable land: An engineering unit. Science Scope, 37(7), 51-57.
  • Moore, T. J., Stohlmann, M. S., Wang, H. H., Tank, K. M., Glancy, A. W., & Roehrig, G. H. (2014). Implementation and integration of engineering in K-12 STEM education. In Engineering in pre-college settings: Synthesizing research, policy, and practices (pp. 35-60). Purdue University Press.
  • NRC (National Research Council) (2009). Engineering in K12 education: Understanding the status and improving the prospects. Committee on K-12 Engineering Education. L. Katehi, G. Pearson and M. Feder. Washington, DC: 234.
  • Özcan, H., & Koca, E. (2019). STEM yaklaşımı ile basınç konusu öğretiminin ortaokul 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin akademik başarılarına ve STEM’e yönelik tutumlarına etkisi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 44(198), 201-227.
  • Radloff, J., & Guzey, S. (2016). Investigating preservice STEM teacher conceptions of STEM education. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(5), 759-774.
  • Roberts, A. (2012). A justification for STEM education. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 71(8), 1-4.
  • Roth, W. (2001). Learning Science through technological design. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38(7), 768-790.
  • Sanders, M. (2009). STEM, STEM Education, STEM mania. Technology Teacher, 68(4), 20 26.
  • Stohlmann, M., Moore, T. J., & Roehrig, G. H. (2012). Considerations for Teaching Integrated STEM Education. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER), 2(1), 28-34.
  • Thomas, J., & Williams, C. (2009). The history of specialized STEM schools and the formation and role of the NCSSSMST. Roeper Review, 32(1), 17-24.
  • Wagner, T. (2008). Rigor redefined. Educational Leadership, 66(2), 20-24.
  • Webb, D. (2013). STEM Lesson Essentials, Grades 3-8: integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Teacher Education and Practice, 26(2), 358-364.
  • Wendell, K. B. & Rogers, C. (2013). Engineering design‐based science, science content performance, and science attitudes in elementary school. Journal of Engineering Education, 102(4), 513-540.
  • White, D. W. (2014). What is STEM education and why is it important. Florida Association of Teacher Educators Journal, 1(14), 1-9.
  • Yıldırım, H., & Gelmez-Burakgazi, S. (2020). Research on STEM education studies in Turkey: A qualitative meta-synthesis study. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, doi: 10.9779/pauefd.590319
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Rıdvan Elmas 0000-0001-7769-2525

Merve Gül This is me 0000-0002-0141-9861

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Submission Date September 14, 2020
Acceptance Date September 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Elmas, R., & Gül, M. (2020). STEM Eğitim Yaklaşımının 2018 Fen Bilimleri Öğretim Programı Kapsamında Uygulanabilirliğinin İncelenmesi. Turkiye Kimya Dernegi Dergisi Kısım C: Kimya Egitimi, 5(2), 223-246. https://doi.org/10.37995/jotcsc.794547

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