Review of Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems With Decoupled Control

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 135 - 147, 21.12.2024

Abdulkadir Özcan , Ahmed Saadoon Mahmood Algburi , Omar Ali Khaleel , Hanaa Hussein Lafta

https://doi.org/10.53525/jster.1533727

Abstract

This paper presents a decoupled control for grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The control framework used in this paper aims not to track the changing maximum power point (MPP) for extracting power at MPP, hence blocking the MPP tracking issue against the effect of solar radiation and temperature. Real power is produced by tracking the control voltage with a zero-dynamics-based controller. A cascaded loop controller with inner loop to regulate the control voltage is incorporated to ensure the produced real power follows the reference power in the presence of power disturbance. The proposed control scheme with the consideration of the inverter's rated voltage shows improved system dynamics. Simulations in various conditions are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies. CIGRE 13-node benchmark system is used as the case study to evaluate the results of the PV system connected to a more complex power system. It has been shown that the proposed controller allows the total production of the energy under maximum power point conditions and also improves the overall stability of distributed generation connected to the grid. Therefore, it can be implemented to increase the capacity of renewable inverter-based power generation and the power system quality.

Keywords

solar power, power generation, solar energy, decoupled control

Review of Grid-Connected Solar PV Systems With Decoupled Control

Abstract

Bu makale şebekeye bağlı güneş fotovoltaik (PV) sistemi için ayrıştırılmış bir kontrol sunmaktadır. Bu makalede kullanılan kontrol çerçevesi, MPP'de güç çıkarmak için değişen maksimum güç noktasını (MPP) izlememeyi ve dolayısıyla güneş radyasyonu ve sıcaklığın etkisine karşı MPP izleme sorununu engellemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gerçek güç, sıfır dinamik tabanlı bir kontrolörle kontrol voltajının izlenmesiyle üretilir Güç bozulması durumunda üretilen gerçek gücün referans gücü takip etmesini sağlamak için kontrol voltajını düzenleyen iç döngüye sahip bir kademeli döngü denetleyicisi dahil edilmiştir İnverterin anma geriliminin dikkate alındığı önerilen kontrol şeması, sistem dinamiklerinde iyileşme göstermektedir Önerilen kontrol stratejilerinin etkinliğini kanıtlamak için çeşitli koşullarda simülasyonlar yürütülür. CIGRE 13 düğümlü kıyaslama sistemi, daha karmaşık bir güç sistemine bağlı PV sisteminin sonuçlarını değerlendirmek için vaka çalışması olarak kullanılır. Önerilen kontrolörün, maksimum güç noktası koşulları altında toplam enerji üretimine izin verdiği ve ayrıca şebekeye bağlı dağıtılmış üretimin genel kararlılığını iyileştirdiği gösterilmiştir Bu nedenle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklı invertör tabanlı güç üretim kapasitesinin ve güç sistemi kalitesinin artırılması için uygulanabilir.

Keywords

güneş enerjisi, güç üretimi, güneş enerjisi, ayrık kontrol

References

• [1] T. Sutikno, W. Arsadiando, A. Wangsupphaphol, "A review of recent advances on hybrid energy storage system for solar photovoltaics power generation," IEEE, 2022. ieee.org
• [2] AS Aziz, MFN Tajuddin, MR Adzman, MF Mohammed, "Feasibility analysis of grid-connected and islanded operation of a solar PV microgrid system: A case study of Iraq," Energy, Elsevier, 2020. [HTML]
• [3] ZMS Elbarbary, MA Alranini, "Review of maximum power point tracking algorithms of PV system," in *Frontiers in Engineering and Built Environment*, 2021, emerald.com. emerald.com
• [4] V. K. Goyal and A. Shukla, "Two-stage hybrid isolated DC–DC boost converter for high power and wide input voltage range applications," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021. [HTML]
• [5] O. K. Albasri and E. Ercelebi, "Multilevel cascaded three-phase inverter with low-voltage ride-through flexible control capability for photovoltaic systems.," Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, 2020. kirj.ee
• [6] S. P. Litrán, E. Durán, J. Semião, and R. S. Barroso, "Single-switch bipolar output DC-DC converter for photovoltaic application," Electronics, 2020. mdpi.com
• [7] M. A. Khan, A. Haque, V. S. B. Kurukuru, et al., "Advanced control strategy with voltage sag classification for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system," IEEE Journal of ..., 2020. [HTML]
• [8] W. Jean and ACP. Brasil Junior, "Solar model for Rural Communities: Analysis of Impact of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System in the Brazilian semi-arid region," in Energy, Water and Environment Systems, 2022. srce.hr
• [9] V. Kumar, R. K. Behera, D. Joshi, and R. Bansal, "Power electronics, drives, and advanced applications," 2020. [HTML]
• [10] CMS Kumar, S Singh, MK Gupta, YM Nimdeo, "Solar energy: A promising renewable source for meeting energy demand in Indian agriculture applications," Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 53, Elsevier, 2023. [HTML]
• [11] ISF Gomes, Y Perez, E Suomalainen, "Coupling small batteries and PV generation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, 2020. sciencedirect.com
• [12] X. Sun, S. Jiang, H. Huang, H. Li, B. Jia, et al., "Solar energy catalysis," Angewandte Chemie, vol. 2022. Wiley Online Library. wiley.com
• [13] M. Zhang, M.S. Cao, J.C. Shu, W.Q. Cao, L. Li, et al., "Electromagnetic absorber converting radiation for multifunction," Materials Science and Engineering, Elsevier, 2021. [HTML]
• [14] R. Jovine, "How Light Makes Life: The Hidden Wonders and World-Saving Powers of Photosynthesis," 2022. [HTML]
• [15] D. Hao, L. Qi, A. M. Tairab, A. Ahmed, A. Azam, D. Luo, et al., "Solar energy harvesting technologies for PV self-powered applications: A comprehensive review," Renewable Energy, vol. 2022, Elsevier, 2022. sciencedirect.com
• [16] T. Adefarati, R.C. Bansal, T. Shongwe, R. Naidoo, et al., "Optimal energy management, technical, economic, social, political and environmental benefit analysis of a grid-connected PV/WT/FC hybrid energy system," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 2023, Elsevier, 2023. [HTML]
• [17] D. Dey and B. Subudhi, "Design, simulation and economic evaluation of 90 kW grid connected Photovoltaic system," Energy Reports, 2020. sciencedirect.com
• [18] M. S. Aygen and M. İnci, "Zero-sequence current injection based power flow control strategy for grid inverter interfaced renewable energy systems," Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol. 2022. Taylor & Francis, 2022. [HTML]
• [19] K Hasan, SB Yousuf, MSHK Tushar, "Effects of different environmental and operational factors on the PV performance: A comprehensive review," Energy Science & Engineering, vol. 2022, Wiley Online Library. wiley.com
• [20] Y. Lavi and J. Apt, "Using PV inverters for voltage support at night can lower grid costs," Energy Reports, 2022. sciencedirect.com
• [21] M. Bhavani, K.V. Reddy, K. Mahesh, "Impact of variation of solar irradiance and temperature on the inverter output for grid connected photo voltaic (PV) system at different climate conditions," Materials Today Proceedings, vol. 2023, Elsevier. [HTML]
• [22] TEK Zidane, AS Aziz, Y Zahraoui, H Kotb, "Grid-connected Solar PV power plants optimization: A review," in IEEE Transactions, 2023. ieee.org
• [23] M. Uno and K. Honda, "Panel-to-substring differential power processing converter with embedded electrical diagnosis capability for photovoltaic panels under partial shading," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021. [HTML]
• [24] I. Jamal, M.F. Elmorshedy, S.M. Dabour, E.M. Rashad, et al., "A comprehensive review of grid-connected PV systems based on impedance source inverter," in IEEE, 2022. ieee.org
• [25] R. Palanisamy, S. Usha, D. Selvabharathi, et al., "SVPWM Based Transformerless Z-Source Five Level Cascaded Inverter with Grid Connected PV System," in Energy and ..., vol. 2024, Springer, 2024. [HTML]
• [26] M. Morey, N. Gupta, M. M. Garg, and A. Kumar, "A comprehensive review of grid-connected solar photovoltaic system: Architecture, control, and ancillary services," Renewable Energy Focus, 2023. [HTML]
• [27] R. J. Mustafa, M. R. Gomaa, M. Al-Dhaifallah, and H. Rezk, "Environmental impacts on the performance of solar photovoltaic systems," Sustainability, 2020. mdpi.com
• [28] C. Mokhtara, B. Negrou, N. Settou, A. Bouferrouk, et al., "Optimal design of grid-connected rooftop PV systems: An overview and a new approach with application to educational buildings in arid climates," Renewable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 42, Elsevier, 2021. [HTML]
• [29] AAF Husain, MHA Phesal, MZA Ab Kadir, et al., "Techno-economic analysis of commercial size grid-connected rooftop solar pv systems in malaysia under the nem 3.0 scheme," Applied Sciences, vol. 2021. mdpi.com. mdpi.com
• [30] M.Z. Islam, M.S. Reza, M.M. Hossain, et al., "Accurate estimation of phase angle for three-phase systems in presence of unbalances and distortions," IEEE Transactions on ..., 2021. [HTML]
• [31] A. Lunardi, E. Conde, J. Assis, L. Meegahapola, "Repetitive predictive control for current control of grid-connected inverter under distorted voltage conditions," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2022. ieee.org
• [32] M. Shafiullah, S. D. Ahmed, and F. A. Al-Sulaiman, "Grid integration challenges and solution strategies for solar PV systems: a review," IEEE Access, 2022. ieee.org
• [33] S. Alotaibi and A. Darwish, "Modular multilevel converters for large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic systems: A review," Energies, 2021. mdpi.com
• [34] AK Udayakumar, RRV Raghavan, MA Houran, "Three-port bi-directional DC–DC converter with solar PV system fed BLDC motor drive using FPGA," in Energies, 2023. mdpi.com
• [35] S. Rezazadeh, A. Moradzadeh, K. Pourhossein, et al., "Photovoltaic array reconfiguration under partial shading conditions for maximum power extraction: A state-of-the-art review and new solution method," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 2022, Elsevier, 2022. aau.dk
• [36] SK Gautam, R Kumar, "Synchronisation of solar PV-wind-battery-based water pumping system using brushless DC motor drive," International Journal of Power …, vol. 2023, inderscienceonline.com, 2023. [HTML]
• [37] B. Saleh, A.M. Yousef, F.K. Abo-Elyousr, et al., "Performance analysis of maximum power point tracking for two techniques with direct control of photovoltaic grid-connected systems," Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol. 2022, Taylor & Francis, 2022. [HTML]
• [38] M.A. Khan, A. Haque, K.V.S. Bharath, et al., "Single phase transformerless photovoltaic inverter for grid connected systems-an overview," International Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 2021, inderscienceonline.com, 2021. [HTML]
• [39] TS Babu, KR Vasudevan, et al., "A comprehensive review of hybrid energy storage systems: Converter topologies, control strategies and future prospects," in IEEE Transactions, 2020. ieee.org
• [40] A. Lunardi, L. F. Normandia Lourenço, E. Munkhchuluun, et al., "Grid-connected power converters: An overview of control strategies for renewable energy," Energies, 2022. mdpi.com
• [41] N. Mohammed and M. Ciobotaru, "Adaptive power control strategy for smart droop-based grid-connected inverters," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2022. [HTML]
• [42] S. Mahdavi, H. Panamtash, et al., "Predictive coordinated and cooperative voltage control for systems with high penetration of PV," in *Proc. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications*, 2021. osti.gov
• [43] M.H. Rezaei and M. Akhbari, "Power decoupling capability with PR controller for Micro-Inverter applications," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 133, pp. 107090, 2022, Elsevier. [HTML]
• [44] W. Zheng, Y. Luo, Y. Q. Chen, and X. Wang, "Synthesis of fractional order robust controller based on Bode's ideas," ISA transactions, 2021. [HTML]
• [45] X. Wang, M. Chen, B. Li, G. Zhu, L. Chen, et al., "Control and modulation of a single-phase AC/DC converter with smooth bidirectional mode switching and symmetrical decoupling voltage compensation," in *Transactions on Power Electronics*, 2021. [HTML]
• [46] P. R. Martinez-Rodriguez, G. Vazquez-Guzman, et al., "Analysis and Improved Behavior of a Single-Phase Transformerless PV Inverter," Machines, vol. 2023, mdpi.com, 2023. mdpi.com
• [47] M. A. Ghasemi, S. F. Zarei, S. Peyghami, and F. Blaabjerg, "A theoretical concept of decoupled current control scheme for grid-connected inverter with LCL filter," Applied Sciences, 2021. mdpi.com
• [48] S. Mehta and V. Puri, "A review of different multi-level inverter topologies for grid integration of solar photovoltaic system," Renewable energy focus, 2022. researchgate.net
• [49] M. Bhunia and B. Subudhi, "A self-tuning adaptive control scheme for a grid-connected three-phase PV system," in IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2022. [HTML]
• [50] D. Sarathkumar, M. Srinivasan, A.A. Stonier, et al., "A technical review on classification of various faults in smart grid systems," IOP Conference Series, 2021. iop.org
• [51] DK Mishra, MJ Ghadi, L Li, MJ Hossain, J Zhang, "A review on solid-state transformer: A breakthrough technology for future smart distribution grids," Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 125, 2021, Elsevier. [HTML]