Volume: 9 Issue: 1 , 6/21/23

Year: 2023

Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Science (KUJES), published twice a year, is an international peer-reviewed open access journal that publishes original research articles in all areas of engineering and sciences. KUJES aims to exhibit scientifically valuable, future-proof research and to bring together all aspects of positive sciences.

The journal's scope is broad and topics covered in the journal include, but not limited to:

Bioengineering,

Biomedical Engineering,

Civil Engineering,

Computer Engineering,

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,

Environmental Engineering

Food Engineering,

Material Engineering,

Mechanical Engineering,

Astronomy,

Biology,

Chemistry,

Mathematics,

Physics

ORCID ID is compulsory all authors need to put their ORCID ID number in manuscripts.

ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7321-8508

Formatting Guide

Title:

  • The first letters of each word in the title should be capital,

  • The font should be Times New Roman, sized 12 pt and bold.

All Author Names and Affiliations:

  • The names of the authors under the title should be written without any abbreviation,

  • The first letter of the first and last name should be capital,

  • The font should be size 10 pt and aligned in the middle,

  • Comma should be used to separate authors names,

  • The number should be used as the superscript (1, 2, 3, etc.) to specify affiliations,

  • Corresponding author should be flag with (*) symbol,

  • The full addresses of the authors should be written in lower case, aligned in the middle and italic,

  • The full addresses should be located just below of authors’ name,

  • Corresponding author's e-mail address should be located lower-left corner of the first page and indicated with the symbol (*)
  • Please click to see the sample format.

Abstract:

  • Abstract should be maximum 250 words,

  • The font should be Times New Roman, sized 8 pt,

  • It should contain maximum 5 keywords.

Text:

The font should be Times New Roman, sized 10 pt, and lines should be spaced with 1.5 lines,

Text organization should be:

o   Introduction

o   Materials and Methods

o   Results

o   Discussion and Conclusion

o   Acknowledgements (if necessary)

o   References

Tables and figures should be appropriate size and they should be located in text with proper locations.

References:

In Text: Cite all references in text by numbers with box brackets. Grouped text citations should be arranged from the earliest to most recent year, alphabetized by name within the same year.


Basic format for books:

 J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of His Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, (only U.S. State), Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx.

Examples:

[1]      G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics,  2nd  ed.,  vol.  3, J.  Peters, Ed.  New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64.

[2]      W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, CA, USA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.

 Basic format for periodicals:

J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical,  vol. x,   no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year, DOI. 10.1109.XXX.123456.

Examples:

[3]      J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An assessment of feasibility,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, no. 1, pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959, 10.1109/TED.2016.2628402.

[4]      E. P. Wigner, “Theory of traveling-wave optical laser,”
Phys. Rev.,
vol. 134, pp. A635–A646, Dec. 1965.

[5]      E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published.

 Basic format for reports:

J. K. Author, “Title of report,” Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State, Country, Rep. xxx, year.

Examples:

[6]      E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, USA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1988.

[7]      J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, “Calibration program for the 16-foot antenna,” Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ. Texas, Austin, TX, USA, Tech. Memo. NGL-006-69-3, Nov. 15, 1987.

Basic format for handbooks:

 Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State, Country, year, pp. xxx-xxx.

Examples:

[8]      Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, USA, 1985, pp. 44–60.

[9]      Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA, 1989.

 Basic format for books (when available online):

 J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, State, Country: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx. [Online]. Available: http://www.web.com

Examples:

[10]   G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics, vol. 3, Polymers of Hexadromicon, J. Peters, Ed., 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64. [Online]. Available: http://www.bookref.com.

[11]   The Founders’ Constitution, Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. Chicago Press, 1987. [Online]. Available: http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/

[12]   The Terahertz Wave eBook. ZOmega Terahertz Corp., 2014. [Online]. Available: http://dl.z-thz.com/eBook/zomega_ebook_pdf_1206_sr.pdf. Accessed on: May 19, 2014.

[13]   Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’ Constitution. Chicago, IL, USA: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1987, Accessed on: Feb. 28, 2010, [Online] Available: http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/

 

Basic format for journals (when available online):

J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month, year. Accessed on: Month, Day, year, DOI: 10.1109.XXX.123456, [Online].

Examples:

[14]   J. S. Turner, “New directions in communications,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 11-23, Jan. 1995.

[15]   W. P. Risk, G. S. Kino, and H. J. Shaw, “Fiber-optic frequency shifter using a surface acoustic wave incident at an oblique angle,” Opt. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–117, Feb. 1986.

[16]   P. Kopyt et al., “Electric properties of graphene-based conductive layers from DC up to terahertz range,” IEEE THz Sci. Technol., to be published. DOI: 10.1109/TTHZ.2016.2544142.

 Basic format for papers presented at conferences (when available online):

J.K. Author. (year, month). Title. presented at abbrev. conference title. [Type of Medium]. Available: site/path/file

Example:

[17]   PROCESS Corporation, Boston, MA, USA. Intranets:  Internet technologies deployed behind the firewall for corporate productivity. Presented at INET96 Annual Meeting. [Online]. Available:  http://home.process.com/Intranets/wp2.htp

 Basic format for reports   and   handbooks (when available online):   

J. K. Author. “Title of report,” Company. City, State, Country. Rep. no., (optional: vol./issue), Date. [Online] Available: site/path/file

Examples:  

[18]   R. J. Hijmans and J. van Etten, “Raster: Geographic analysis and modeling with raster data,” R Package Version 2.0-12, Jan. 12, 2012. [Online]. Available: http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=raster

[19]   Teralyzer. Lytera UG, Kirchhain, Germany [Online]. Available: http://www.lytera.de/Terahertz_THz_Spectroscopy.php?id=home, Accessed on: Jun. 5, 2014

 

Basic format for computer programs and electronic documents (when available online):

Legislative body. Number of Congress, Session. (year, month day). Number of bill or resolution, Title. [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file

NOTE: ISO recommends that capitalization follow the accepted practice for the language or script in which the information is given.

Example:

[20]   U.S. House. 102nd Congress, 1st Session. (1991, Jan. 11). H. Con. Res. 1, Sense of the Congress on Approval of Military Action. [Online]. Available: LEXIS Library: GENFED File: BILLS

 Basic format for patents (when available online):

Name of the invention, by inventor’s name. (year, month day). Patent Number [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file

Example:

[21]   Musical toothbrush with mirror, by L.M.R. Brooks. (1992, May 19). Patent D 326 189

 [Online]. Available: NEXIS Library: LEXPAT File:   DES

 

Basic format for conference proceedings (published):

J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of Conf., Abbrev. State (if given), Country, year, pp. xxxxxx.

Example:

[22]   D. B. Payne and J. R. Stern, Wavelength-switched pas- sively coupled single-mode optical network,” in Proc. IOOC-ECOC, Boston, MA, USA, 1985,
pp. 585–590.

Example for papers presented at conferences (unpublished):

[23]   D. Ebehard and E. Voges, Digital single sideband detection for interferometric sensors,” presented at the 2nd Int. Conf. Optical Fiber Sensors, Stuttgart, Germany, Jan. 2-5, 1984.

 

Basic format for patents:

J. K. Author, “Title of patent,” U.S. Patent x xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month, day, year.

Example:

[24]   G. Brandli and M. Dick, “Alternating current fed power supply,”  U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.

Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations (Ph.D.):

a) J. K. Author, “Title of thesis,” M.S. thesis, Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year.

b) J. K. Author, “Title of dissertation,” Ph.D. dissertation, Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year.

Examples:

[25]   J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, USA, 1993.

[26]   N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993.

Basic format for the most common types of unpublished references:

a) J. K. Author, private communication, Abbrev. Month, year.

b) J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” unpublished.

c) J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” to be published.

Examples:

[27]   A. Harrison, private communication, May 1995.

[28]   B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms,” unpublished.

[29]   A. Brahms, “Representation error for real numbers in binary computer arithmetic,” IEEE Computer Group Repository, Paper R-67-85.

 

Basic formats for standards:

a) Title of Standard, Standard number, date.

b) Title of Standard, Standard number, Corporate author, location, date.

Examples:

[30]   IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems, IEEE Standard 308, 1969.

[31]   Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.

 

Article number in reference examples:

[32]   R. Fardel, M. Nagel, F. Nuesch, T. Lippert, and A. Wokaun, “Fabrication of organic light emitting diode pixels by laser-assisted forward transfer,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 91, no. 6, Aug. 2007, Art. no. 061103. 

[33]   J. Zhang and N. Tansu, “Optical gain and laser characteristics of InGaN quantum wells on ternary InGaN substrates,” IEEE Photon. J., vol. 5, no. 2, Apr. 2013, Art. no. 2600111

 Example when using et al.:

[34]    S. Azodolmolky et al., Experimental demonstration of an impairment aware network planning and operation tool for transparent/translucent optical networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 439–448, Sep. 2011. 

Ethical Principles and Publication Policy
In terms of publication ethics Kastamonu University Journal of Engineeering and Science (KUJES) pursues the principles, standards and recommendations of the publication ethics determined by COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) and ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors). Accordingly, all the articles that do not comply with the accepted standards of ethics are rejected. The rule also applies to those articles that contain discrepancies that are detected after the publication. In the context of publication ethics, all the shareholders are expected to bear the following ethical responsibilities in brief and all the ethical incidences are going to be evaluated in compliance with COPE rules.

Ethical Responsibilities of Authors
- Authors should send those articles which have not been published elsewhere or which have not been sent anywhere.
- Authors should give references to all the citations in their articles.
- Authors are accepted to declare that the article belongs to themselves, they do not plagiarise, all the responsibilities due to plagiarism belong to themselves and the journal does not have any responsibility in such cases.
- Authors should guarantee that they give any scientific contribution to the article and it should be accepted that all the authors of the article have equal responsibility.
- The corresponding author should guarantee that all the co-authors mentioned in the article have an agreement on the publication of the article and on being named as co-authors. All the writers who give crucial contributions to the article should be named as co-authors.
- Others should be given a place in the acknowledgment.
- Authors are responsible for declaring the supporting institutions, financial sources, or conflicts of interest.
- In case of necessity, authors should give access to the data sets utilized in the articles.
- The authors should prepare the articles to be published in the Journal in accordance with research and publication ethics. For the research made in the article and for clinical and experimental studies on human and animal that necessitate ethics committee approval separate ethics committee approvals should be taken and these approvals should be mentioned in the article and should be documented.

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers
- Any reviewer who is selected for reviewing the article but whose qualifications do not match with the subject of the article and/or to whom the time limitation of the review process is not appropriate should inform the editor and ask for her/his removal from the review process.
- Reviewers are responsible for the concealment of the articles they received and for not using the information attained from the reviewing process for personal interests.
- Reviewers should not share their evaluations reports or information about the article with others and should not directly communicate with the authors without the permission of the editor.
- Reviewers should be intentive about potential ethical incidences in the article and should present them to the editor. This includes similarities and overlappings with the studies of the reviewer published elsewhere.
- Reviewing should be done objectively. Personal criticisms should be avoided and the evaluations should be constructive, honest and polite.
- Reviewers who may have any potential conflicts of interest with (at least) one of the authors due to a competitive, collaborative of other types of relationships or connections should inform the editor before accepting the reviewing process.

Ethical Responsibilities of Editorial Board
- The decision of the selection of articles to be published in the Journal is under the responsibility of the editorial board. The editorial board should carry out the evaluation independent of race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship or political philosophy. The decision to be made should be based on the accuracy, validity and importance of the article, and its relevance with the scope of the Journal. Legal necessities should also be consulted in cases of slander, copyright infringement and plagiarism.
- The editor or any member of the editorial board should not reveal any information about the article except for the related authors, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial consultants and publishers.
- The information in any article presented but not published should not be used in any research of the editor or of the member of the editorial board without the express written permission of the authors.

No article submission or processing fee is charged from the articles submitted to our journal.

General Publishing Manager

İzzet Şener
Prof. Dr. İzzet ŞENER KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Chemical Sciences, Organic Chemical Synthesis

Editor in Chief

Savaş Canbulat
Prof. Dr. Savaş CANBULAT KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ Web
Animal Systematics and Taxonomy, Entomology, Ecological Applications

Associated Editors

Kaan Işınkaralar
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kaan IŞINKARALAR KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Air Pollution Modelling and Control, Air Pollution and Gas Cleaning , Health and Ecological Risk Assessment
Ali Burak Öncül
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ali Burak ÖNCÜL KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Operating Systems, Deep Learning, Bioinformatics, Programming Languages
Osman Çiçek
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Osman ÇİÇEK KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Analog Electronics and Interfaces, Semiconductors

Editorial Board

Nuclear Physics
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Prof. Dr. S. A. MOHİUDDİNE King Abdulaziz University
Mathematical Sciences
Panagiotis Kyratsis
Prof. Dr. Panagiotis KYRATSİS University of Western Macedonia
Textile Sciences and Engineering (Other), CAD/CAM Systems
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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Victor SURUGİU “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi
Marine and Estuarine Ecology, Hydrobiology, Freshwater Ecology, Community Ecology, Invasion Ecology, Biogeography and Phylogeography, Invertebrate Biology, Conservation and Biodiversity, Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Water Invertebrates
Öznur Işınkaralar
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Öznur IŞINKARALAR KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation (Other), Urban Economics, Ecology, Sustainability and Energy, Climate and Water Policies, Built Environment and Design, City and Regional Planning, Landscape Planning
Oğuzhan Yavuz Bayraktar
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oğuzhan Yavuz BAYRAKTAR Kastamonu Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi İnşaat Mühendisliği Bölümü
Civil Engineering, Construction Materials, Production Technologies
Kemal Akyol
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kemal AKYOL KASTAMONU UNIVERSITY
Computer System Software, Computer Software
Food Engineering, Meat Technology, Food Packaging, Preservation and Processing, Food Technology
Experimental Methods in Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer, Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage (Excl. Chemical and Electrical), Mechanical Engineering (Other)
Plant Biotechnology, Genomics and Transcriptomics, Genetics, Genome Structure and Regulation
Serkan Islak
Prof. Dr. Serkan ISLAK Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi, Makine Mühendisliği
Resource Technologies, Material Design and Behaviors, Tribology, Materials Engineering, Casting Technologies, Plating Technology, Composite and Hybrid Materials, Material Characterization, Ceramics in Materials Engineering, Material Production Technologies, Metals and Alloy Materials, Organic Semiconductors, Powder Metallurgy, Nanotechnology
Mohammad Mursaleen
Prof. Dr. Mohammad MURSALEEN Aligarh Muslim University
Mathematical Sciences, Ordinary Differential Equations, Difference Equations and Dynamical Systems, Operator Algebras and Functional Analysis, Approximation Theory and Asymptotic Methods
Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Mathematical Physics, Molecular Imaging
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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sadaf KAYANİ Mohi-ud-din Islamic University
Ethobotany, Plant and Fungus Systematics and Taxonomy
Martin Bohner
Prof. Dr. Martin BOHNER Missouri University of Science and Technology
Ordinary Differential Equations, Difference Equations and Dynamical Systems, Applied Mathematics
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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Elena-liliana CHELARİU "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iași University of Life Sciences (IULS)
Plant Material and Growing, Landscape Planning, Landscape Design, Landscape Techniques, Green Structures and Environments, Landscape Architecture (Other), Theory and History of Landscape Architecture , Green-House Growing and Treatment, Horticultural Production (Other), Pasture-Meadow Forage Plants, Cereals and Legumes
Snežana Urošević
Prof. Dr. Snežana UROšEVİć University of Belgrade, Technical faculty in Bor
Textile Sciences and Engineering (Other)
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Prof. Dr. Mohamed BELGAİD University of Sciecnes and Technology Houari Boumediene
Nuclear Physics
Biomedical Sciences and Technology

Language Editor

Selim Ünal
Dr. Instructor Selim ÜNAL KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ Web
Photonic and Electro-Optical Devices, Sensors and Systems (Excl. Communications), Semiconductors, Nanotechnology

Layout Editor

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Res. Assist. Tuğçe EKER KASTAMONU ÜNİVERSİTESİ
Plant Biotechnology, Molecular Genetics, Bioengineering (Other)

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