Research Article
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Adaptation of Multicultural Efficacy Scale to Turkish: A Study of Validity and Reliability

Year 2018, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 261 - 270, 15.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.378585

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to adapt "Multicultural Efficacy Scale" developed by Guyton ve Wesche (2005) into Turkish and to conduct the validity and reliability analyses. The sample of this study consisted of 583 teacher candidates. Initially, studies regarding the linguistic equivalence were carried out. Afterwards, Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses were conducted. The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated a structure consisting of 31 items under 3 factors and the factors accounted for the 43% of the total variance. Results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis demonstrated a good fit for a 3-factor model of multicultural education (multicultural experience, attitude and efficacy) with 26 items (RMSEA= .37, NNFI= .95, GFI= .90, CFI= .96, SRMR= .49). The results indicated that Turkish form of MES is a valid and reliable scale and can be used in scientific studies.


References

  • Anders, T., Martin, C. ve Yarbrough, D. (1990). Social diversity survey (SDS): Research edition. Cumming, GA: Office of Disability Services.
  • Andrea, M. D., Daniels, J. ve Heck, R. (1991). Evaluating the impact of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling and Development: JCD, 70(1), 143.
  • Banks, J. A. (1994). An introduction to multicultural education: ERIC.
  • Banks, J. A. ve Banks, C. A. M. (2009). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives (7th ed.). New York, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Banks, J. A. ve diğerleri, . (2001). Diversity within unity: Essential principles for teaching and learning in a multicultural society. Phi Delta Kappan, 196-203.
  • Barry, N. H. ve Lechner, J. V. (1995). Preservice teachers’ attitudes about and awareness of multicultural teaching and learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 11(2), 149-161.
  • Başbay, A. ve Kağnıcı, D. Y. (2011). Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Algıları Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması (Perceptions of Multicultural Competence Scale: A Scale Development Study). Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(161), 121-199.
  • Benton-Borghi, B. H. ve Chang, Y. M. (2012). Critical examination of candidates’ diversity competence: rigorous and systematic assessment of candidates’ efficacy to teach diverse student populations. The Teacher Educator, 47(1), 29-44.
  • Bohn, A. P. ve Sleeter, C. E. (2000). Multicultural education and the standards movement: A report from the field. Phi Delta Kappan, 156-159.
  • Brown, M. R. (2007). Educating All Students Creating Culturally Responsive Teachers, Classrooms, and Schools. Intervention in School and Clinic, 43(1), 57-62.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni, SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum (4 ed.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G. ve Aiken, L. S. (2013). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences: Routledge.
  • Doğan, T. ve Totan, T. (2010). Olumlu değerlendirilme korkusu ölçeği Türkçe formu’nun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 22.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (3. ed.). London: Sage.
  • Gay, G. (1994). A synthesis of scholarship in multicultural education. Urban monograph series http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED378287.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • Gay, G. (2010). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice: Teachers College Press.
  • GİGM. (2015). İkamet izinleri verileri http://www.goc.gov.tr/icerik6/ikamet-izinleri_363_378_4709_icerik adresinden erişildi
  • Guyton, E. M. ve Wesche, M. V. (2005). The multicultural efficacy scale: Development, item selection, and reliability. Multicultural Perspectives, 7(4), 21-29.
  • Jöreskog, K. G. ve Sörbom, D. (1984). LISREL-VI user’s guide.
  • Lawson-Davenport, M. L. (2014). Examining the relationship between cultural awareness and multicultural self-efficacy in community college instructors. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Regent University.
  • Marshall, P. L. (1992). Toward a Theoretical Framework for the Design of Multicultural Education in Teacher Education Programs. Sözlü bildiri The Meeting Of The National Council For The Social Studies, Detroit, MI.
  • MEB. (2006). Öğretmenlik mesleği genel yeterlikleri http://www.memurlar.net/common/news/documents/242790/yeterlikler.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • MEB. (2015). Milli eğitim istatistikleri https://sgb.meb.gov.tr/istatistik/meb_istatistikleri_orgun_egitim_2014_2015.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • Milner, H. R., Flowers, L. A., Moore, E., Moore, J. L. ve Flowers, T. A. (2003). Preservice teachers’ awareness of multiculturalism and diversity. The High School Journal, 87(1), 63-70.
  • Mitchell, L. A. (2009). Becoming culturally responsive teachers in today’s diverse classroom. Sözlü bildiri American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA
  • Mo, K.-H. ve Lim, J.-S. (2013). Multicultural teacher education in Korea: Current trends and future directions. Multicultural Education Review, 5(1), 96-120.
  • Nadelson, L. S. ve diğerleri, . (2012). A shifting paradigm preservice teachers’ multicultural attitudes and efficacy. Urban Education, 47(6), 1183-1208.
  • ÖSYM. (2002). Yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin eğitim birimlerine göre sayıları (2000-2001). http://www.osym.gov.tr/dosya/1-43002/h/18yabanci.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • ÖSYM. (2012). Yabancı uyruklu öğrenilerin eğitim birimlerine göre sayıları (2012-2013) http://www.osym.gov.tr/Eklenti/4998,20yabanciogrenciegitimbirimpdf.pdf?0 adresinden erişildi
  • ÖSYM. (2016). Yabancı uyruklu öğrenilerin eğitim birimlerine göre sayıları (2015-2016) http://www.osym.gov.tr/TR,8510/2015-yili-yayinlari.html adresinden erişildi
  • Ponterotito, J. G., Baluch, S., Greig, T. ve Rivera, L. (1998). Development and initial score validation of the teacher multicultural altitude survey. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 58(6), 1002-1016.
  • Pope, R. L. ve Mueller, J. A. (2000). Development and initial validation of the multicultural competence in student affairs--preliminary 2 scale. Journal of College Student Development, 41(6), 599.
  • Premier, J. A. ve Miller, J. (2010). Preparing pre-service teachers for multicultural classrooms. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 35(2), 35-48.
  • Reiff, J. C. ve Cannella, G. S. (1992). Multicultural Beliefs and Conceptual Level of Early Childhood Preservice Teachers. Sözlü bildiri The Annual Meeting of the Association of Teacher Educators, Orlando, FL.
  • Roh, S.-Z. (2015). A study of the multicultural efficacy of pre-service secondary teachers in korea and their experience in multiculturalism and multicultural education. Advanced Science and Technology Letters, 96, 36-39.
  • Siwatu, K. O., Polydore, C. L. ve Starker, T. V. (2009). Prospective Elementary School Teachers’ Culturally Responsive Teaching Self? Efficacy Beliefs. Multicultural Learning and Teaching, 4(1).
  • Sleeter, C. E. (2011). Keepers of the American dream: A study of staff development and multicultural education (Vol. 121): Routledge.
  • Spinthourakis, J., Aktan, E. ve Korhonen, R. (2010). Primary and early childhood teacher education and multicultural efficacy http://archive.londonmet.ac.uk/cice/fms/MRSite/Research/cice/pubs/2010/2010_215.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • Villegas, A. M. ve Lucas, T. (2002). Preparing culturally responsive teachers rethinking the curriculum. Journal of teacher education, 53(1), 20-32.
  • Walker, A., Shafer, J. ve Iiams, M. (2004). Not in my classroom”: Teacher attitudes towards English language learners in the mainstream classroom. NABE Journal of Research and Practice, 2(1), 130-160.
  • Yavuz, G. ve Anıl, D. (2010). Öğretmen adayları için çok kültürlü eğitime yönelik tutum ölçeği: Güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Sözlü bildiri International Conference on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, Antalya.
  • Yazıcı, S., Başol, G. ve Toprak, G. (2009). Öğretmenlerin çokkültürlü eğitim tutumları: bir güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Hacettepe üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(317), 229-242.
  • Youngs, C. S. ve Youngs, G. A. (2001). Predictors of mainstream teachers’ attitudes toward ESL students. Tesol Quarterly, 35(1), 97-120.

Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2018, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 261 - 270, 15.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.378585

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Guyton ve Wesche (2005) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Ölçeğini (Multicultural Efficacy Scale) Türkçe’ye uyarlamak ve ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmaktır. Çalışma grubu 589 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Çalışma sürecinde öncelikle ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliği ile ilgili çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Daha sonra, Açımlayıcı ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, 31 maddenin üç alt boyut altında toplandığı ve toplam varyansın %43’ünü açıklayan bir yapı oluştuğu görülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ise 26 maddeden ve üç alt boyuttan (çokkültürlü deneyim, tutum ve özyeterlik) oluşan modelin iyi uyum verdiği görülmüştür (RMSEA= ,37, NNFI= ,95, GFI= ,90, CFI= ,96, SRMR= ,49). Araştırma sonuçları, Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Ölçeğinin Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu ve bilimsel araştırmalarda kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

References

  • Anders, T., Martin, C. ve Yarbrough, D. (1990). Social diversity survey (SDS): Research edition. Cumming, GA: Office of Disability Services.
  • Andrea, M. D., Daniels, J. ve Heck, R. (1991). Evaluating the impact of multicultural counseling training. Journal of Counseling and Development: JCD, 70(1), 143.
  • Banks, J. A. (1994). An introduction to multicultural education: ERIC.
  • Banks, J. A. ve Banks, C. A. M. (2009). Multicultural education: Issues and perspectives (7th ed.). New York, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Banks, J. A. ve diğerleri, . (2001). Diversity within unity: Essential principles for teaching and learning in a multicultural society. Phi Delta Kappan, 196-203.
  • Barry, N. H. ve Lechner, J. V. (1995). Preservice teachers’ attitudes about and awareness of multicultural teaching and learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 11(2), 149-161.
  • Başbay, A. ve Kağnıcı, D. Y. (2011). Çokkültürlü Yeterlik Algıları Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması (Perceptions of Multicultural Competence Scale: A Scale Development Study). Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(161), 121-199.
  • Benton-Borghi, B. H. ve Chang, Y. M. (2012). Critical examination of candidates’ diversity competence: rigorous and systematic assessment of candidates’ efficacy to teach diverse student populations. The Teacher Educator, 47(1), 29-44.
  • Bohn, A. P. ve Sleeter, C. E. (2000). Multicultural education and the standards movement: A report from the field. Phi Delta Kappan, 156-159.
  • Brown, M. R. (2007). Educating All Students Creating Culturally Responsive Teachers, Classrooms, and Schools. Intervention in School and Clinic, 43(1), 57-62.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni, SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum (4 ed.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G. ve Aiken, L. S. (2013). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences: Routledge.
  • Doğan, T. ve Totan, T. (2010). Olumlu değerlendirilme korkusu ölçeği Türkçe formu’nun geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 22.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (3. ed.). London: Sage.
  • Gay, G. (1994). A synthesis of scholarship in multicultural education. Urban monograph series http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED378287.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • Gay, G. (2010). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice: Teachers College Press.
  • GİGM. (2015). İkamet izinleri verileri http://www.goc.gov.tr/icerik6/ikamet-izinleri_363_378_4709_icerik adresinden erişildi
  • Guyton, E. M. ve Wesche, M. V. (2005). The multicultural efficacy scale: Development, item selection, and reliability. Multicultural Perspectives, 7(4), 21-29.
  • Jöreskog, K. G. ve Sörbom, D. (1984). LISREL-VI user’s guide.
  • Lawson-Davenport, M. L. (2014). Examining the relationship between cultural awareness and multicultural self-efficacy in community college instructors. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Regent University.
  • Marshall, P. L. (1992). Toward a Theoretical Framework for the Design of Multicultural Education in Teacher Education Programs. Sözlü bildiri The Meeting Of The National Council For The Social Studies, Detroit, MI.
  • MEB. (2006). Öğretmenlik mesleği genel yeterlikleri http://www.memurlar.net/common/news/documents/242790/yeterlikler.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • MEB. (2015). Milli eğitim istatistikleri https://sgb.meb.gov.tr/istatistik/meb_istatistikleri_orgun_egitim_2014_2015.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • Milner, H. R., Flowers, L. A., Moore, E., Moore, J. L. ve Flowers, T. A. (2003). Preservice teachers’ awareness of multiculturalism and diversity. The High School Journal, 87(1), 63-70.
  • Mitchell, L. A. (2009). Becoming culturally responsive teachers in today’s diverse classroom. Sözlü bildiri American Educational Research Association Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA
  • Mo, K.-H. ve Lim, J.-S. (2013). Multicultural teacher education in Korea: Current trends and future directions. Multicultural Education Review, 5(1), 96-120.
  • Nadelson, L. S. ve diğerleri, . (2012). A shifting paradigm preservice teachers’ multicultural attitudes and efficacy. Urban Education, 47(6), 1183-1208.
  • ÖSYM. (2002). Yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin eğitim birimlerine göre sayıları (2000-2001). http://www.osym.gov.tr/dosya/1-43002/h/18yabanci.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • ÖSYM. (2012). Yabancı uyruklu öğrenilerin eğitim birimlerine göre sayıları (2012-2013) http://www.osym.gov.tr/Eklenti/4998,20yabanciogrenciegitimbirimpdf.pdf?0 adresinden erişildi
  • ÖSYM. (2016). Yabancı uyruklu öğrenilerin eğitim birimlerine göre sayıları (2015-2016) http://www.osym.gov.tr/TR,8510/2015-yili-yayinlari.html adresinden erişildi
  • Ponterotito, J. G., Baluch, S., Greig, T. ve Rivera, L. (1998). Development and initial score validation of the teacher multicultural altitude survey. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 58(6), 1002-1016.
  • Pope, R. L. ve Mueller, J. A. (2000). Development and initial validation of the multicultural competence in student affairs--preliminary 2 scale. Journal of College Student Development, 41(6), 599.
  • Premier, J. A. ve Miller, J. (2010). Preparing pre-service teachers for multicultural classrooms. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 35(2), 35-48.
  • Reiff, J. C. ve Cannella, G. S. (1992). Multicultural Beliefs and Conceptual Level of Early Childhood Preservice Teachers. Sözlü bildiri The Annual Meeting of the Association of Teacher Educators, Orlando, FL.
  • Roh, S.-Z. (2015). A study of the multicultural efficacy of pre-service secondary teachers in korea and their experience in multiculturalism and multicultural education. Advanced Science and Technology Letters, 96, 36-39.
  • Siwatu, K. O., Polydore, C. L. ve Starker, T. V. (2009). Prospective Elementary School Teachers’ Culturally Responsive Teaching Self? Efficacy Beliefs. Multicultural Learning and Teaching, 4(1).
  • Sleeter, C. E. (2011). Keepers of the American dream: A study of staff development and multicultural education (Vol. 121): Routledge.
  • Spinthourakis, J., Aktan, E. ve Korhonen, R. (2010). Primary and early childhood teacher education and multicultural efficacy http://archive.londonmet.ac.uk/cice/fms/MRSite/Research/cice/pubs/2010/2010_215.pdf adresinden erişildi
  • Villegas, A. M. ve Lucas, T. (2002). Preparing culturally responsive teachers rethinking the curriculum. Journal of teacher education, 53(1), 20-32.
  • Walker, A., Shafer, J. ve Iiams, M. (2004). Not in my classroom”: Teacher attitudes towards English language learners in the mainstream classroom. NABE Journal of Research and Practice, 2(1), 130-160.
  • Yavuz, G. ve Anıl, D. (2010). Öğretmen adayları için çok kültürlü eğitime yönelik tutum ölçeği: Güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Sözlü bildiri International Conference on New Trends in Education and Their Implications, Antalya.
  • Yazıcı, S., Başol, G. ve Toprak, G. (2009). Öğretmenlerin çokkültürlü eğitim tutumları: bir güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Hacettepe üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(317), 229-242.
  • Youngs, C. S. ve Youngs, G. A. (2001). Predictors of mainstream teachers’ attitudes toward ESL students. Tesol Quarterly, 35(1), 97-120.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Studies on Education
Other ID 2082
Journal Section Review Article
Authors

Mustafa Öztürk Akçaoğlu This is me

Zeki Arsal

Publication Date January 15, 2018
Acceptance Date August 21, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 26 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Akçaoğlu, M. Ö., & Arsal, Z. (2018). Adaptation of Multicultural Efficacy Scale to Turkish: A Study of Validity and Reliability. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(1), 261-270. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.378585

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