Tek Başına Olmayı Tercih Etme Ölçeği: Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2019, Volume: 27 Issue: 6, 2493 - 2500, 15.11.2019

Tunahan Erpay Gökhan Atik

https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.3371

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Burger (1995) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Tek Başına Olmayı Tercih Etme Ölçeğinin Türkçeye çevrilmesi ve üniversite öğrencilerinden elde edilen veri setlerinin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları iki farklı katılımcı grup üzerinde yürütülmüştür. İlk grup 245 (%24.1 erkek, %75.9 kadın), ikinci grup 470 (%30.2 erkek, %69.8 kadın) üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. İki katılımcı grubu üzerinde gerçekleştirilen doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre, ölçeğin Türkçe Formu orijinal ölçek çalışmasında olduğu gibi 12 maddeden ve tek faktörden oluşmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilen güvenirlik çalışma-larına göre ise, ölçeğin Türkçe Formu kabul edilebilir düzey-lerde iç-tutarlık katsayılarına ve testi yarılama güvenirlik değe-rine sahiptir.

Keywords

tek başına olma, ölçek uyarlama, geçerlik, güvenirlik

Preference for Solitude Scale: Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Form

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to translate Preference for Soli-tude Scale developed by Burger (1995) into Turkish and to investigate validity and reliability of the data collected from university students. The validity and reliability studies of the scale was carried out on two different participant groups. The first group was composed of 245 (24.1% male and 75.9% female) and the second group was consisted of 470 (30.2% male and 69.8% female) university students. The results of confirmatory factor analyses in two separate studies showed that the Turkish Form of the scale was composed of 12 items and one dimension as in the original form. According to the reliability studies performed, the Turkish Form of the scale has acceptable internal consistency coefficients and split-half relia-bility.

Keywords

solitude, scale adaptation, validity, reliability

References

• Barbour, J. D. (2014). A view from religious studies. In R. J. Coplan ve J. C. Bowker (Eds.), The Handbook of solitude (pp. 557–571). West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell.
• Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
• Bruneau, T. (2011). An ecology of natural mindlessness: Solitude, silence and transcendental consciousness. Explorations in Media Ecology, 10, 55–73. doi:10.1386/eme.10.1-2.55_1
• Burger, J. M. (1995). Individual differences in preference for solitude. Journal of Research in Personality, 29(1), 85–108. doi:10.1006/jrpe.1995.1005
• Cady, J. (2010). Positive solitude: An examination of individuals who spend frequent time alone (Unpublished master's thesis). The University of British Columbia, Canada.
• Chan, L. (2016). Rethinking solitude in schools: How silence and solitude can benefit students and enhance creativity (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Toronto, Canada.
• Costache, A. (2013). On solitude and loneliness in hermeneutical philosophy. META: Research in Hermeneutics, Phenomenology, and Practical Philosophy, 1, 130–149. Received from http://www.metajournal.org/
• Cramer, K. M., & Lake, R. P. (1998). The Preference for Solitude Scale: Psychometric properties and factor structure. Personality and Individual Differences, 24(2), 193–199. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00167-0
• Driskell, J. E., Salas, E., & Hughes, S. (2010). Collective orientation and team performance: Development of an individual differences measure. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 52(2), 316–328. doi:10.1177/0018720809359522
• Fromm, E. H. (1941). Escape from freedom. New York; NY: Henry Holt.
• Galanaki, E. (2004). Are children able to distinguish among the concepts of aloneness, loneliness, and solitude? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 28(5), 435–443. doi:10.1080/01650250444000153
• Galanaki, E. (2005). Solitude in the school: A neglected facet of children's development and education. Childhood Education, 81(3), 128–132. doi:10.1080/00094056.2005.10522255
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.): Pearson Company.
• Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2001). Happiness, introversion-extraversion and happy introverts. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(4), 595–608. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00058-1
• Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
• Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (2004). LISREL 8.71. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International Inc.
• Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: The Guilford Press.
• Knafo, D. (2012). Alone together: Solitude and the creative encounter in art and psychoanalysis. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 22(1), 54–71. doi:10.1080/10481885.2012.646605
• Larson, R., & Csikszentmihayli, M. (1978). Experiential correlates of time alone in adolescence. Journal of Personality, 46(4), 677–693. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1978.tb00191.x
• Larson, R. W. (1990). The solitary side of life: An examination of the time people spend alone from childhood to old age. Developmen-tal Review, 10, 155–183. doi:10.1016/0273-2297(90)90008-R
• Liang, J., & Leung, L. (2018). Comparing smartphone addiction: The prevalence, predictors, and negative consequences in Hong Kong and Mainland China. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 7(2), 297–322. Retrieved from http://www.thejsms.org/index.php/TSMRI/article/view/431/205
• Long, C. R. (2000). A comparison of positive and negative episodes of solitude (Unpublished master’s thesis). Massachusetts Amherst University, USA.
• Long, C. R., & Averill, J. R. (2003). Solitude: An exploration of benefits of being alone. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 33(1), 21–44. doi:10.1111/1468-5914.00204
• Long, C. R., Seburn, M., Averill, J. R., & More, T. A. (2003). Solitude experiences: Varieties, settings, and individual differences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(5), 578–583. doi:10.1177/0146167203251535
• Maslow, A. (1970). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper & Row.
• Nance, W. Z., & Mays, M. (2013, March). Exploring the role of time alone in modern culture. Paper presented at the American Coun-seling Association Conference, Cincinnati, OH.
• Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. Personal Relationships, 3, 31–56. Retrieved from http://www.peplaulab.ucla.edu/
• Rokach, A. (2011). From loneliness to belonging: A review. Psychology Journal, 8, 70–81. Retrieved from http://resolver.ebscohost.com/
• Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evi-dence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472–480. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472
• Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Ferguson, M. L. (1978). Developing a measure of loneliness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 42(3), 290–294. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4203_11
• Staak, A. van der (2016). The cohesion between living situation, loneliness, depressive symptoms, the preference for solitude and emo-tional dampening in a Dutch sample of older adults (Unpublished master's thesis). Utrecht University, Nederlands.
• Stern, J. (2016). Solitude and spirituality in schooling: The alternative at the heart of the school. In H. E. Lees ve N. Noddings (Eds.), The palgrave international handbook of alternative education (pp. 431–445). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Storr, A. (1988). Solitude: A return to the self. New York: Ballantine Books.
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson
• Testa, M. G., Rohde, L. R., & Luciano, E. M. (2011). As preferências de estudantes universitários por contato social. Administração: Ensino e Pesquisa, 12(1), 93‒118. Retrieved from http://repositorio.pucrs.br/
• Ullman, J. B. (2001). Structural equation modeling. In B. G. Tabachnick & L. S. Fidell (Eds.), Using multivariate statistics (Fourth ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
• Wang, Y. (2006). Culture and solitude: Meaning and significance of being alone (Unpublished master's thesis). Massachusetts Am-herst University, USA.
• Winnicot, D. W. (1958). The capacity to be alone. In D. W. Winnicot (Ed.), The maturational processes and the facilitating environ-ment (pp. 24–36). New York: International Universities Press.
• Winnicot, D. W. (1965). The maturational process and the facilitating environment: Studies in the theory of emotional development. New York: International Universities Press.