Research Article
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A Responsible Cultural Heritage Consumption for Senior Tourists in Nicosia

Year 2024, , 100 - 117, 30.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1387407

Abstract

Cultural heritage consumption plays a pivotal role in senior tourism, providing unique experiences and fostering a sense of connection with the past. This study focuses on the concept of responsible cultural heritage consumption for senior tourists in the historic Walled City of Nicosia. The primary objective is to examine the preferences and challenges of senior tourists in terms of accessibility and engagement with cultural heritage sites. Qualitative research was conducted through documentation, on-site observations and interviews to gather data about the cultural heritage consumption experiences of senior tourists. The research findings reveal that senior tourists are interested in experiencing authentic cultural heritage and desire opportunities for meaningful interactions with local heritage. However, limited accessibility and lack of age-friendly facilities pose significant barriers to their full participation in cultural heritage sites. The study highlights the need for responsible tourism practices that make cultural heritage inclusive for all age groups.

References

  • Alén, E., Dominguez, T. & Losada, N. (2012). New opportunities for the tourism market: Senior tourism and accessible tourism. M. Kasımoğlu (Ed.). Vision for Global Tourism Industry, Creating and Sustaining Competitive Strategies. (pp.139-163). Rijeka, Crocotia: InTech Publishing.
  • Azmin-Fouladi, N.(2007). Designing the Inclusive Journey Enviroment, Proceedings of INCLUDE 2007, London:Royal College of Art.
  • Bromley, R. D. F., Matthews, D. L. & Thomas, C. J. (2007). City centre accessibility for wheelchair users: the consumer perspective and planning implications. Cities. 24 (3), 229–241. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2007.01.009
  • Cape Town Declaration. (2002). Cape Town Conference on Responsible Tourism in Destinations. Access Adress (12.08.2023): https://responsibletourismpartnership.org/cape-town-declaration-on-responsible-tourism/
  • Caruana, R., Glozer, S., Crane, A. & McCabe, S. (2014). Tourists’ accounts of responsible tourism. Annals of Tourism Research. 46, 115-129. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.006
  • Chen, C. F. & Wu, C. C. (2009). How motivations, constraints, and demographic factors predict seniors’ overseas travel propen-sity. Asia Pacific Management Review, 14(3), 301–312. Access Address (03.09.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ching-Fu-Chen/publication/228616745
  • Cros, H. D. & McKercher, B. (2015). Cultural tourism (2nd. Ed.). London:Routledge
  • Csapo, J. (2015). Responsible tourism destinations: A win-win situation for sustainable tourism development?. Geographical Locality Studies, 3(1), 624-644.
  • European Commission. (2014). Europe, the best destination for seniors: Facilitating cooperation mechanisms to increase senior tourists’ travels, within Europe and from third countries, in the low and medium seasons. Access Adress (14.03.2019): http://ec.europa.eu/DocsRoom/documents/5977
  • Evans, G. (2009). Accessibility, Urban Design and the Whole Journey Environment. Built Environment, 35 (3), 366-385. doi: 10.2148/benv.35.3.366
  • Fadda, G., Cortés, A., Olivi, A. & Marcela, T. (2010). The perception of the values of urban space by senior citizens of Valparaiso. 25, 344-357. Access Address (10.09.2023): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.08.022
  • Faslı, M. (2010). A Model for Sustaining City Identity, Case Study: Lefkoşa in North Cyprus. Saarbrüchen: Verlag Dr. Müller Publisher.
  • Fleischer, A. & Pizam, A. (2002). Tourism constraints among Israeli seniors. Annals of TourismResearch, 29(1), 106-123.doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00026-3
  • Gant, R. (1997). Pedestrianisation and disabled people: a study of personal mobility in Kingston Town Center. Disability Society, 12(5), 723–740.
  • Goodall, B. (2010) Disability and inclusive access to the built environment. (Geographical paper no: 193.) Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading. Access Address (20.10.2018):https://cms9-uat.rdg.ac.uk/ges/-/media/project/uor-main/schools- departments/ges/geographical-papers/gp193-disabiliy-inclusive-access.pdf
  • Güvenbaş, G. & Polay, M. (2021). Post-occupancy evaluation: A diagnostic tool to establish and sustain inclusive access in Kyrenia Town Centre, Indoor and Built Environment Journal, 30(10), 1620- 1643.doi:10.1177/1420326x20951244
  • Güvenbaş, G. (2021). Post-occupancy evaluation: A diagnostic tool to establish and sustain inclusive access in Urban Open Spaces. Case study: Kyrenia Town Centre. (Unpublished PhD thesis) Eastern Mediterranean University. Famagusta.
  • Güvenbaş, G. & Polay, M. (2023). The Social impacts of pedestrianization on tourist public space usage case study: Nicosia Walled City, North Cyprus. Journal of Humanities and Tourism Research, 13 (1), 58-70. doi:10.14230/johut1347
  • Güvenbaş, G. (2023). Personal Photo Archive.
  • Hanafiah, M. H. M. & Harun, M. F. M. (2010). Tourism demand in Malaysia: A cross-sectional pool time-series analysis. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 1(1), 80-83. Access Address (23.09.2023): http://www.ijtef.com/papers/36-C199.pdf.
  • Hanafiah, M. H., Azman, I., Jamaluddin M. R. & Aminuddin, N. (2016). Responsible tourism practices and quality of life: Perspectives of Langkawi Island Communities. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222, 406-413. Access Address (02.09.2023): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.194
  • Hanson, J. (2004, September).The inclusive city: delivering a more accessible urban environment through inclusive design. Proceedings of The RICS Cobra İnternational Construction Conference, York, UK. Access Address (10.05.2020):https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/3351/
  • Heiser, B. (1995). The Nature and causes of transport disability in Britain and how to overcome it. G. Zarb (Ed.) Removing Disabling Barriers (pp. 49-66). London:Policy Studies Institute.
  • Huber, D., Milne, S., & Hyde, K. F. (2018). Constraints and facilitators for senior tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 27, 55-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tmp.2018.04.003.
  • I'DGO. (2007). How does the outdoor environment affect older people’s quality of life?. Access Address (10.08.2023): http://www.idgo.ac.uk/
  • Jang, S. S., Bai, B., Hu, C., & Wu, C. (2009). Affect, travel motivation, and travel intention: A senior market. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 33(1), 51-73. Access Address (12.05.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247753548_Affect_Travel_Motivation_and_Travel_Intention_a_Se nior_Market
  • Kim, M. & Kim, C. (2018). Lifestyle and travel motivation of the elderly in SouthKorea: Baseline characteristics and the relationship between demographic factors. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 21(2), 141-164. doi:10.1080/15256480.2018.1464417
  • Kirschbaum, J. B., Axelson P. W., Longmuir, P. E., Mispagel, K. M., Stein, J. A. & Yamada, D. A. (2001). Designning sidewalks and trails for access: best practices design guides. Access Address (27.01.2017): https:// nacto.org/docs/usdg/designing_sidewalks_and_trails_ access_kirschbaum.pdf
  • Köse, A. & Yamaçlı, R. (2023). Examination of elderly and disabled tourism buildings in terms of the concept of sustainability. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 8(1), 200-222. Access Address (10.09.2023): https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2919462.
  • Kwok, J. Y. C. & Ng, K. C. H. (2008). User Friendly Living Environmental Research and Design for Older People. Langdon, P., Clarkson, J. R. & Robinson, R. (Ed). Designing Inclusive Futures (261-272). London:Springer.
  • Lefkoşa Surlariçi İzleme, Koordinasyon ve Yönlendirme Kurulu. (2008). Lefkoşa Surlariçi Surlar ve Hendekleri Koruma Alanı Özel Turizm Bölgesi Koruma, Canlandırma ve Geliştirme Stratejisi. Lefkoşa, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti: Başbakanlık.
  • Liew, S. L., Hussin, S. R. & Abdullah, N. H. (2021). Attriutes of senior-friendly tourism destinations for current and future senior tourists: An importance-performance analysis approach, Sage Open, 11 (1), 1-19. Access Address (12.09.2023): https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244021998658.
  • Lwoga, N. B. & Mapunda, B. B. (2017). Challenges facing accessible tourism in cultural heritage sites: The case of Village Museum in Tanzania. Journal of Tourism-Studies and Research in Tourism, 24, 45-54. Access Address (15.08.2023): http://www.revistadeturism.ro/rdt/article/view/393
  • Mitchell, L., Burton, E., Raman, S., Blackman, T., Jenks, M. & Williams, K. (2003). Making the outside World Dementia-Friendly: Design Issues and Considerations. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 30 (4), 605-632. doi: 10.1068/b29100
  • Nicosia Turkish Municipality. (2022). Nicosia City Map. Nicosia Turkish Municipality, Department of Housing:Nicosia
  • Nikitina, O. & Vorontsova, G. (2015). Aging population and tourism: socially determined model of consumer behavior in the senior tourism segment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 214, 845-851. Access Address (02.09.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287159198
  • Sert, N. B. (2019). Senior Tourism in Aging World. V. Krystev, R. Efe & E. Atasoy (Ed). Theory and Practice in Social Sciences (pp.488-498). Sofia:St. Kliment Ohridski University Press
  • Shoemaker, S. (2000). Segmenting the mature market: 10 years later. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 11-26. Access Address (02.09.23): https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003900103
  • Türel, H. S., Yiğit, E. M. & Altuğ, İ. (2007). Evaluation of elderly people’s requirements in public open spaces: A case study in Bornova District (İzmir, Turkey), Built and Environment, 42(5), 2035-2045. Access Adress (10.10.20): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.03.004
  • United Nations. (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.241. Access Address (25.03.2019): https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/Key_Findings_WPP_2015.pdf
  • United Nations World Tourism Organisation. (UNWTO). (2013). Recommendations on Accessible Tourism. Access Adress Access Address (20.09.2023): https://www.accessibletourism.org/resources/accesibilityen_2013_unwto.pdf.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2015). World report on ageing and health 2015. Access Address (13.08.2023): https://www.who.int/ageing/events/world-report-2015-launch/en/
  • Yung, E. H. K., Conejos, S. & Edwin H. W. (2016). Public open spaces planning for the elderly: The case of dense urban renewal districts in Hong Kong. Land-use Policy, 59, 1-11. Access Address (20.08.2023): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.08.022

Lefkoşa’da İleri Yaş Turistler için Sorumlu Kültürel Miras Gereksinimi

Year 2024, , 100 - 117, 30.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1387407

Abstract

Kültürel miras tüketimi, geçmişle ilgili bağlantı duygusunu geliştirerek, ileri yaş turizminin gelişiminde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu araştırma, tarihi Surlarla çevrili Lefkoşa Şehri'ndeki ileri yaş turistlerin kültürel miras gereksinimini incelemektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, ileri yaş turistlerin kültürel miras alanlarına erişimi ve katılımı konusunda karşılaştıkları tercihleri ve zorlukları incelemektir. Kültürel miras tüketimi bağlamında ileri yaş turistlerin deneyimleri hakkında gerekli verilerin elde edilmesi için çalışmada doküman araştırması, yerinde gözlemler ve görüşmeler yoluyla nitel bir araştırma yaklaşımına yer verilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, ileri yaş turistlerin otantik kültürel miras değerlerine ulaşmak istediklerini ve yerel mirasla anlamlı etkileşimler için fırsatlar aradığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, sınırlı erişilebilirlik ve yaşa uygun çevresel düzenlemelerin bulunmamasından dolayı oluşan engeller, ileri yaş turistlerin kültürel miras alanlarına tam katılımlarını önlemektedir. Çalışma, kültürel mirası tüm yaş grupları için kapsayıcı hale getiren sorumlu turizm uygulamalarına olan ihtiyacın altını çizmektedir.

References

  • Alén, E., Dominguez, T. & Losada, N. (2012). New opportunities for the tourism market: Senior tourism and accessible tourism. M. Kasımoğlu (Ed.). Vision for Global Tourism Industry, Creating and Sustaining Competitive Strategies. (pp.139-163). Rijeka, Crocotia: InTech Publishing.
  • Azmin-Fouladi, N.(2007). Designing the Inclusive Journey Enviroment, Proceedings of INCLUDE 2007, London:Royal College of Art.
  • Bromley, R. D. F., Matthews, D. L. & Thomas, C. J. (2007). City centre accessibility for wheelchair users: the consumer perspective and planning implications. Cities. 24 (3), 229–241. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2007.01.009
  • Cape Town Declaration. (2002). Cape Town Conference on Responsible Tourism in Destinations. Access Adress (12.08.2023): https://responsibletourismpartnership.org/cape-town-declaration-on-responsible-tourism/
  • Caruana, R., Glozer, S., Crane, A. & McCabe, S. (2014). Tourists’ accounts of responsible tourism. Annals of Tourism Research. 46, 115-129. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.006
  • Chen, C. F. & Wu, C. C. (2009). How motivations, constraints, and demographic factors predict seniors’ overseas travel propen-sity. Asia Pacific Management Review, 14(3), 301–312. Access Address (03.09.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ching-Fu-Chen/publication/228616745
  • Cros, H. D. & McKercher, B. (2015). Cultural tourism (2nd. Ed.). London:Routledge
  • Csapo, J. (2015). Responsible tourism destinations: A win-win situation for sustainable tourism development?. Geographical Locality Studies, 3(1), 624-644.
  • European Commission. (2014). Europe, the best destination for seniors: Facilitating cooperation mechanisms to increase senior tourists’ travels, within Europe and from third countries, in the low and medium seasons. Access Adress (14.03.2019): http://ec.europa.eu/DocsRoom/documents/5977
  • Evans, G. (2009). Accessibility, Urban Design and the Whole Journey Environment. Built Environment, 35 (3), 366-385. doi: 10.2148/benv.35.3.366
  • Fadda, G., Cortés, A., Olivi, A. & Marcela, T. (2010). The perception of the values of urban space by senior citizens of Valparaiso. 25, 344-357. Access Address (10.09.2023): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.08.022
  • Faslı, M. (2010). A Model for Sustaining City Identity, Case Study: Lefkoşa in North Cyprus. Saarbrüchen: Verlag Dr. Müller Publisher.
  • Fleischer, A. & Pizam, A. (2002). Tourism constraints among Israeli seniors. Annals of TourismResearch, 29(1), 106-123.doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00026-3
  • Gant, R. (1997). Pedestrianisation and disabled people: a study of personal mobility in Kingston Town Center. Disability Society, 12(5), 723–740.
  • Goodall, B. (2010) Disability and inclusive access to the built environment. (Geographical paper no: 193.) Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading. Access Address (20.10.2018):https://cms9-uat.rdg.ac.uk/ges/-/media/project/uor-main/schools- departments/ges/geographical-papers/gp193-disabiliy-inclusive-access.pdf
  • Güvenbaş, G. & Polay, M. (2021). Post-occupancy evaluation: A diagnostic tool to establish and sustain inclusive access in Kyrenia Town Centre, Indoor and Built Environment Journal, 30(10), 1620- 1643.doi:10.1177/1420326x20951244
  • Güvenbaş, G. (2021). Post-occupancy evaluation: A diagnostic tool to establish and sustain inclusive access in Urban Open Spaces. Case study: Kyrenia Town Centre. (Unpublished PhD thesis) Eastern Mediterranean University. Famagusta.
  • Güvenbaş, G. & Polay, M. (2023). The Social impacts of pedestrianization on tourist public space usage case study: Nicosia Walled City, North Cyprus. Journal of Humanities and Tourism Research, 13 (1), 58-70. doi:10.14230/johut1347
  • Güvenbaş, G. (2023). Personal Photo Archive.
  • Hanafiah, M. H. M. & Harun, M. F. M. (2010). Tourism demand in Malaysia: A cross-sectional pool time-series analysis. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 1(1), 80-83. Access Address (23.09.2023): http://www.ijtef.com/papers/36-C199.pdf.
  • Hanafiah, M. H., Azman, I., Jamaluddin M. R. & Aminuddin, N. (2016). Responsible tourism practices and quality of life: Perspectives of Langkawi Island Communities. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 222, 406-413. Access Address (02.09.2023): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.194
  • Hanson, J. (2004, September).The inclusive city: delivering a more accessible urban environment through inclusive design. Proceedings of The RICS Cobra İnternational Construction Conference, York, UK. Access Address (10.05.2020):https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/3351/
  • Heiser, B. (1995). The Nature and causes of transport disability in Britain and how to overcome it. G. Zarb (Ed.) Removing Disabling Barriers (pp. 49-66). London:Policy Studies Institute.
  • Huber, D., Milne, S., & Hyde, K. F. (2018). Constraints and facilitators for senior tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 27, 55-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tmp.2018.04.003.
  • I'DGO. (2007). How does the outdoor environment affect older people’s quality of life?. Access Address (10.08.2023): http://www.idgo.ac.uk/
  • Jang, S. S., Bai, B., Hu, C., & Wu, C. (2009). Affect, travel motivation, and travel intention: A senior market. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 33(1), 51-73. Access Address (12.05.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247753548_Affect_Travel_Motivation_and_Travel_Intention_a_Se nior_Market
  • Kim, M. & Kim, C. (2018). Lifestyle and travel motivation of the elderly in SouthKorea: Baseline characteristics and the relationship between demographic factors. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 21(2), 141-164. doi:10.1080/15256480.2018.1464417
  • Kirschbaum, J. B., Axelson P. W., Longmuir, P. E., Mispagel, K. M., Stein, J. A. & Yamada, D. A. (2001). Designning sidewalks and trails for access: best practices design guides. Access Address (27.01.2017): https:// nacto.org/docs/usdg/designing_sidewalks_and_trails_ access_kirschbaum.pdf
  • Köse, A. & Yamaçlı, R. (2023). Examination of elderly and disabled tourism buildings in terms of the concept of sustainability. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 8(1), 200-222. Access Address (10.09.2023): https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2919462.
  • Kwok, J. Y. C. & Ng, K. C. H. (2008). User Friendly Living Environmental Research and Design for Older People. Langdon, P., Clarkson, J. R. & Robinson, R. (Ed). Designing Inclusive Futures (261-272). London:Springer.
  • Lefkoşa Surlariçi İzleme, Koordinasyon ve Yönlendirme Kurulu. (2008). Lefkoşa Surlariçi Surlar ve Hendekleri Koruma Alanı Özel Turizm Bölgesi Koruma, Canlandırma ve Geliştirme Stratejisi. Lefkoşa, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti: Başbakanlık.
  • Liew, S. L., Hussin, S. R. & Abdullah, N. H. (2021). Attriutes of senior-friendly tourism destinations for current and future senior tourists: An importance-performance analysis approach, Sage Open, 11 (1), 1-19. Access Address (12.09.2023): https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244021998658.
  • Lwoga, N. B. & Mapunda, B. B. (2017). Challenges facing accessible tourism in cultural heritage sites: The case of Village Museum in Tanzania. Journal of Tourism-Studies and Research in Tourism, 24, 45-54. Access Address (15.08.2023): http://www.revistadeturism.ro/rdt/article/view/393
  • Mitchell, L., Burton, E., Raman, S., Blackman, T., Jenks, M. & Williams, K. (2003). Making the outside World Dementia-Friendly: Design Issues and Considerations. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 30 (4), 605-632. doi: 10.1068/b29100
  • Nicosia Turkish Municipality. (2022). Nicosia City Map. Nicosia Turkish Municipality, Department of Housing:Nicosia
  • Nikitina, O. & Vorontsova, G. (2015). Aging population and tourism: socially determined model of consumer behavior in the senior tourism segment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 214, 845-851. Access Address (02.09.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287159198
  • Sert, N. B. (2019). Senior Tourism in Aging World. V. Krystev, R. Efe & E. Atasoy (Ed). Theory and Practice in Social Sciences (pp.488-498). Sofia:St. Kliment Ohridski University Press
  • Shoemaker, S. (2000). Segmenting the mature market: 10 years later. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 11-26. Access Address (02.09.23): https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003900103
  • Türel, H. S., Yiğit, E. M. & Altuğ, İ. (2007). Evaluation of elderly people’s requirements in public open spaces: A case study in Bornova District (İzmir, Turkey), Built and Environment, 42(5), 2035-2045. Access Adress (10.10.20): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.03.004
  • United Nations. (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.241. Access Address (25.03.2019): https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/Key_Findings_WPP_2015.pdf
  • United Nations World Tourism Organisation. (UNWTO). (2013). Recommendations on Accessible Tourism. Access Adress Access Address (20.09.2023): https://www.accessibletourism.org/resources/accesibilityen_2013_unwto.pdf.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2015). World report on ageing and health 2015. Access Address (13.08.2023): https://www.who.int/ageing/events/world-report-2015-launch/en/
  • Yung, E. H. K., Conejos, S. & Edwin H. W. (2016). Public open spaces planning for the elderly: The case of dense urban renewal districts in Hong Kong. Land-use Policy, 59, 1-11. Access Address (20.08.2023): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.08.022
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architecture (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gizem Güvenbaş 0000-0003-1059-321X

Mukaddes Polay 0000-0002-4797-2056

Publication Date July 30, 2024
Submission Date December 2, 2023
Acceptance Date February 27, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Güvenbaş, G., & Polay, M. (2024). A Responsible Cultural Heritage Consumption for Senior Tourists in Nicosia. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 9(1), 100-117. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1387407