Araştırma Makalesi
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Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Yönelik Mühendisliğin Doğası Anlayışı Ölçeği: Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 437 - 457, 24.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1517818

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin mühendisliğin doğası anlayışlarının belirlenebilmesi amacıyla geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesidir. Ölçeğin geliştirilmesi aşamasında öncelikli olarak literatür taraması ve beş mühendis ile görüşme yapılmış, elde edilen bulgulardan yola çıkılarak 95 maddelik bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Ölçeğin madde ve boyutların uygunluğu ve doğruluğu açısından beşi fen bilimleri eğitimi, biri fizik eğitimi, biri kimya eğitimi alanında olmak üzere toplam yedi uzmanın görüşü alınmıştır. Ardından ölçeğin içeriği ile ilgili çalışmalar yürüten, ölçme ve değerlendirmede yeterliliği olan uzmanlar ve bir dil uzmanından elde edilen öneriler ve düzeltmeler dikkate alınarak gerekli işlemler yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen ölçeğin pilot formu Türkiye’nin Marmara Bölgesi’nde bulunan bir büyükşehirin bir ilçesindeki ortaokullarda öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 704 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. 350 öğrenci ile açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA), 354 öğrenci ile doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. MDAÖ’nün toplam varyansın %65.65’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. DFA ile tespit edilen model uyum indeksleri incelenmiş ve ölçek yapısının kabul edilebilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada 5’li likert tipinde, 28 madde ve tek faktörden oluşan, Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı .98 olan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, C. C. (2004). The role of humanities in distinguishing science from engineering design in the minds of engineering students. In Ollis, D. F., Neeley, K. A., Luegenbiehl, H. C. (Eds.), Liberal education for 21st century engineering: Responses to ABET/EC 2000 criteria (pp. 91-112). New York: Peter Lang.
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  • Antink Meyer, A., & Brown, R. A. (2019). Nature of engineering knowledge. Science & Education, 28, 539-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-019-00038-0
  • Apedoe, X. S., Reynolds, B., Ellefson, M. R., & Schunn, C. D. (2008). Bringing engineering design into high school science classrooms: The heating/cooling unit. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 17(5), 454-465.
  • Aswad, N. G., Vidican, G., & Samulewicz, D. (2011). Creating a knowledge-based economy in the United Arab Emirates: Realising the unfulfilled potential of women in the science, technology and engineering fields. European Journal of Engineering Education, 36(6), 559-570.
  • Ayar, M. C. (2015). First-hand experience with engineering design and career interest in engineering: An informal STEM education case study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(6), 1655-1675.
  • Aydın, G., Saka, M., & Guzey, S. (2018). 4-5-6-7. ve 8. sınıf öğrencileri için mühendislik bilgi düzeyi ölçeği. İlköğretim Online, 17(2), 750-768. doi 10.17051/ilkonline.2018.419071
  • Aydoğan, B. (2019). The effects of engineering design based instruction on 7th grade students’ nature of engineering views and attitudes towards STEM. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Middle East Technical University the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara.
  • Baykul, Y. (2000). Eğitim ve psikolojide ölçme. Ankara: ÖSYM Yayınları.
  • Bucciarelli, L. (2003). Engineering philosophy. The Netherlands: Delft University Press.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2015). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. ve Kılıç Çakmak, E. (2024). Eğitimde bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (35. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
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  • Çakmak, B., Bilen, K., & Taner, M. S. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin mühendis ve mühendislik algıları. Anadolu Öğretmen Dergisi, 3(1), 32-43. DOI: 10.35346/aod.559599
  • Çil, E., & Özlen, S. (2019). Beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin mühendis ve mühendislik algılarının incelenmesi. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 1272-1287. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2020..-408610
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  • Deniz, H., Kaya, E., Yesilyurt, E., & Trabia, M. (2020). The influence of an engineering design experience on elementary teachers’ nature of engineering views. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 30, 635-656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-019-09518-4
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Understanding of the Nature of Engineering Scale for Secondary School Students: Development, Validity and Reliability Study

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 437 - 457, 24.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1517818

Öz

The aim of this research is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for secondary school students' understanding of the nature of engineering. During the development of the scale, first of all, literature review and interviews with five engineers were conducted, and an item pool containing 95 items was created based on the findings. Experts’ opinions were taken regarding the suitability and accuracy of the items and dimensions of the scale. The pilot form of the developed scale was applied to a total of 704 students studying in secondary schools in a district of a metropolitan city in the Marmara Region of Türkiye. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted with 350 students and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted with 354 students. The scale explained 65.65% of the total variance. The model fit indices obtained through CFA were analyzed, and it was concluded that the scale structure was satisfactory. In the research, a valid and reliable scale was developed, with a 5-point Likert type, consisting of 28 items and a single factor, with a Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of .98.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, C. C. (2004). The role of humanities in distinguishing science from engineering design in the minds of engineering students. In Ollis, D. F., Neeley, K. A., Luegenbiehl, H. C. (Eds.), Liberal education for 21st century engineering: Responses to ABET/EC 2000 criteria (pp. 91-112). New York: Peter Lang.
  • Akbulut, Y. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS uygulamaları (Sık kullanılan istatistiksel analizler ve açıklamalı SPSS çözümleri). İstanbul: İdeal Kültür Yayıncılık.
  • Antink Meyer, A., & Brown, R. A. (2019). Nature of engineering knowledge. Science & Education, 28, 539-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-019-00038-0
  • Apedoe, X. S., Reynolds, B., Ellefson, M. R., & Schunn, C. D. (2008). Bringing engineering design into high school science classrooms: The heating/cooling unit. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 17(5), 454-465.
  • Aswad, N. G., Vidican, G., & Samulewicz, D. (2011). Creating a knowledge-based economy in the United Arab Emirates: Realising the unfulfilled potential of women in the science, technology and engineering fields. European Journal of Engineering Education, 36(6), 559-570.
  • Ayar, M. C. (2015). First-hand experience with engineering design and career interest in engineering: An informal STEM education case study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(6), 1655-1675.
  • Aydın, G., Saka, M., & Guzey, S. (2018). 4-5-6-7. ve 8. sınıf öğrencileri için mühendislik bilgi düzeyi ölçeği. İlköğretim Online, 17(2), 750-768. doi 10.17051/ilkonline.2018.419071
  • Aydoğan, B. (2019). The effects of engineering design based instruction on 7th grade students’ nature of engineering views and attitudes towards STEM. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Middle East Technical University the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara.
  • Baykul, Y. (2000). Eğitim ve psikolojide ölçme. Ankara: ÖSYM Yayınları.
  • Bucciarelli, L. (2003). Engineering philosophy. The Netherlands: Delft University Press.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2015). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. ve Kılıç Çakmak, E. (2024). Eğitimde bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (35. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Carpenter, S. (2018). Ten steps in scale development and reporting: A guide for researchers. Communication Methods and Measures, 12(1), 25-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2017.1396583
  • Cattell, R. B. (1978). The scientific use of factor analysis in behavioral and life sciences. New York: Plenum.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th Edition). New York: Routledge.
  • Cunningham, C. M. (2009). Engineering is elementary. The Bridge, 30(3), 11-18.
  • Cunningham, C. M., Lachapelle, C., & Lindgren-Streicher, A. (2005, June). Assessing elementary school students' conceptions of engineering and technology. In 2005 Annual Conference (pp. 10.227.1 - 10.227.10). Portland, OR.
  • Çakmak, B., Bilen, K., & Taner, M. S. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin mühendis ve mühendislik algıları. Anadolu Öğretmen Dergisi, 3(1), 32-43. DOI: 10.35346/aod.559599
  • Çil, E., & Özlen, S. (2019). Beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin mühendis ve mühendislik algılarının incelenmesi. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 1272-1287. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2020..-408610
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Daugherty, J. (2012). Infusing engineering concepts: Teaching engineering design. National Center for Engineering and Technology Education, Paper 170, 1-11.
  • Davis, M. (1991). Thinking like an engineer: The place of a code of ethics in the practice of a profession. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 20, 150-167.
  • Demirbağ, C., Arıkan, S., & Muğaloğlu, E. Z. (2020). Adaptation of the self-efficacy beliefs in STEM education scale and testing measurement invariance across groups. Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology, 11(2), 163-179. doi: 10.21031/epod.675240
  • Deniz, H., Kaya, E., Yesilyurt, E., & Trabia, M. (2020). The influence of an engineering design experience on elementary teachers’ nature of engineering views. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 30, 635-656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-019-09518-4
  • DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Ölçek geliştirme: Kuram ve uygulamalar. T. Totan (Çev.), Ölçek geliştirme ilkeleri, içinde (s. 73-114). Ankara: Nobel Akademi Yayıncılık.
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  • Karatas, F. O., Micklos, A., & Bodner, G. M. (2011). Sixth-grade students’ views of the nature of engineering and images of engineers. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 20, 123-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-010-9239-2
  • Karataş, F. Ö., Bodner, G. M., & Unal, S. (2015). First-year engineering students’ views of the nature of engineering: Implications for engineering programmes. European Journal of Engineering Education, 41(1), 1-22. doi:10.1080/03043797.2014.1001821
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  • Knight, M., & Cunningham, C. (2004). Draw an engineer test (DAET): Development of a tool to investigate students’ ideas about engineers and engineering. ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, In (pp. 4079-4089). Salt Lake City, UT.
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  • Lewin, D. (1983). Engineering philosophy: The third culture. Leonardo, 16(2), 127-132.
  • Marulcu, I., & Barnett, M. (2013). Fifth graders’ learning about simple machines through engineering design-based instruction using LEGO™ materials. Research in Science Education, 43(5), 1825-1850.
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  • Mehalik, M., Doppelt, Y., & Schunn, C. D. (2008). Middle school science through design based learning versus scripted inquiry: Better overall science concept learning and equity gap reduction. Journal of Engineering Education, January, 97(1), 71-86.
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  • Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı [MEB]. (2024). Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı (ilkokul ve ortaokul 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar). Ankara: MEB Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığı. https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/
  • Mitcham, C. (1998). The importance of philosophy to engineering. Teorema: Revista Internacional de Filosofía, 17(3), 27-47.
  • Moore, T. J., Stohlmann, M. S., Wang, H. H., Tank, K. M., & Roehrig, G. H. (2014). Implementation and Integration of Engineering in K-12 STEM Education. J. Strobel, S. Purzer, & M. Cardella (Eds.), In Engineering in precollege settings: Research into practice, (pp. 35-60). Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
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  • Oware, E. A., Capobianco, B. M., & Diefes-dux, H. A. (2007, October). Young children’s perceptions of engineers before and after a summer engineering outreach course. In 37th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (S2B-3-S2B-8). Milwaukee, WI. doi: 10.1109/FIE.2007.4417814.
  • Özlüleci, M., & Kayacan Çelebi, K. (2023). Fen, mühendislik ve girişimcilik becerileri değerlendirme ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Millî Eğitim, 52 (Özel Sayı), 493-512. DOI: 10.37669/milliegitim.1309131
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  • Sharma, S., & Kumar, A. (2006). Cluster analysis and factor analysis. In R. Grover, & M. Vriens (Eds.), The handbook of marketing research: Uses, misuses, and future advances (pp. 365-393). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
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  • Vincenti, W. G. (1990). What engineers know and how they know it: Analytical studies from aeronautical history (Johns Hopkins studies in the history of technology). Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
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  • Yaman, S., Sarışan Tungaç, A., & Bal İncebacak, B. (2019). STEM eğitimine yönelik umut ve hedefler ölçeği uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Kastamonu Education Journal, 27(3), 1257-1271. doi:10.24106/kefdergi.3022
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Toplam 84 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Uygulamalı ve Gelişimsel Psikoloji (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Muhammed Doğukan Balçın 0000-0002-7698-6932

Mehtap Yıldırım 0000-0001-7398-8396

Seyit Ahmet Oymak 0000-0002-1912-9061

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 29 Kasım 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Balçın, M. D., Yıldırım, M., & Oymak, S. A. (2024). Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Yönelik Mühendisliğin Doğası Anlayışı Ölçeği: Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 437-457. https://doi.org/10.52826/mcbuefd.1517818