Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Yönelik Mühendisliğin Doğası Anlayışı Ölçeği: Geliştirme, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 437 - 457, 24.12.2024
Muhammed Doğukan Balçın
,
Mehtap Yıldırım
,
Seyit Ahmet Oymak
Öz
Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin mühendisliğin doğası anlayışlarının belirlenebilmesi amacıyla geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesidir. Ölçeğin geliştirilmesi aşamasında öncelikli olarak literatür taraması ve beş mühendis ile görüşme yapılmış, elde edilen bulgulardan yola çıkılarak 95 maddelik bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Ölçeğin madde ve boyutların uygunluğu ve doğruluğu açısından beşi fen bilimleri eğitimi, biri fizik eğitimi, biri kimya eğitimi alanında olmak üzere toplam yedi uzmanın görüşü alınmıştır. Ardından ölçeğin içeriği ile ilgili çalışmalar yürüten, ölçme ve değerlendirmede yeterliliği olan uzmanlar ve bir dil uzmanından elde edilen öneriler ve düzeltmeler dikkate alınarak gerekli işlemler yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen ölçeğin pilot formu Türkiye’nin Marmara Bölgesi’nde bulunan bir büyükşehirin bir ilçesindeki ortaokullarda öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 704 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. 350 öğrenci ile açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA), 354 öğrenci ile doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. MDAÖ’nün toplam varyansın %65.65’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. DFA ile tespit edilen model uyum indeksleri incelenmiş ve ölçek yapısının kabul edilebilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada 5’li likert tipinde, 28 madde ve tek faktörden oluşan, Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı .98 olan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir.
Kaynakça
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Understanding of the Nature of Engineering Scale for Secondary School Students: Development, Validity and Reliability Study
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 437 - 457, 24.12.2024
Muhammed Doğukan Balçın
,
Mehtap Yıldırım
,
Seyit Ahmet Oymak
Öz
The aim of this research is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for secondary school students' understanding of the nature of engineering. During the development of the scale, first of all, literature review and interviews with five engineers were conducted, and an item pool containing 95 items was created based on the findings. Experts’ opinions were taken regarding the suitability and accuracy of the items and dimensions of the scale. The pilot form of the developed scale was applied to a total of 704 students studying in secondary schools in a district of a metropolitan city in the Marmara Region of Türkiye. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted with 350 students and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted with 354 students. The scale explained 65.65% of the total variance. The model fit indices obtained through CFA were analyzed, and it was concluded that the scale structure was satisfactory. In the research, a valid and reliable scale was developed, with a 5-point Likert type, consisting of 28 items and a single factor, with a Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of .98.
Kaynakça
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- Antink Meyer, A., & Brown, R. A. (2019). Nature of engineering knowledge. Science & Education, 28, 539-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-019-00038-0
- Apedoe, X. S., Reynolds, B., Ellefson, M. R., & Schunn, C. D. (2008). Bringing engineering design into high school science classrooms: The heating/cooling unit. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 17(5), 454-465.
- Aswad, N. G., Vidican, G., & Samulewicz, D. (2011). Creating a knowledge-based economy in the United Arab Emirates: Realising the unfulfilled potential of women in the science, technology and engineering fields. European Journal of Engineering Education, 36(6), 559-570.
- Ayar, M. C. (2015). First-hand experience with engineering design and career interest in engineering: An informal STEM education case study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(6), 1655-1675.
- Aydın, G., Saka, M., & Guzey, S. (2018). 4-5-6-7. ve 8. sınıf öğrencileri için mühendislik bilgi düzeyi ölçeği. İlköğretim Online, 17(2), 750-768. doi 10.17051/ilkonline.2018.419071
- Aydoğan, B. (2019). The effects of engineering design based instruction on 7th grade students’ nature of engineering views and attitudes towards STEM. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Middle East Technical University the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara.
- Baykul, Y. (2000). Eğitim ve psikolojide ölçme. Ankara: ÖSYM Yayınları.
- Bucciarelli, L. (2003). Engineering philosophy. The Netherlands: Delft University Press.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2015). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. ve Kılıç Çakmak, E. (2024). Eğitimde bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (35. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Carpenter, S. (2018). Ten steps in scale development and reporting: A guide for researchers. Communication Methods and Measures, 12(1), 25-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2017.1396583
- Cattell, R. B. (1978). The scientific use of factor analysis in behavioral and life sciences. New York: Plenum.
- Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th Edition). New York: Routledge.
- Cunningham, C. M. (2009). Engineering is elementary. The Bridge, 30(3), 11-18.
- Cunningham, C. M., Lachapelle, C., & Lindgren-Streicher, A. (2005, June). Assessing elementary school students' conceptions of engineering and technology. In 2005 Annual Conference (pp. 10.227.1 - 10.227.10). Portland, OR.
- Çakmak, B., Bilen, K., & Taner, M. S. (2019). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin mühendis ve mühendislik algıları. Anadolu Öğretmen Dergisi, 3(1), 32-43. DOI: 10.35346/aod.559599
- Çil, E., & Özlen, S. (2019). Beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin mühendis ve mühendislik algılarının incelenmesi. Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 1272-1287. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2020..-408610
- Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
- Daugherty, J. (2012). Infusing engineering concepts: Teaching engineering design. National Center for Engineering and Technology Education, Paper 170, 1-11.
- Davis, M. (1991). Thinking like an engineer: The place of a code of ethics in the practice of a profession. Philosophy and Public Affairs, 20, 150-167.
- Demirbağ, C., Arıkan, S., & Muğaloğlu, E. Z. (2020). Adaptation of the self-efficacy beliefs in STEM education scale and testing measurement invariance across groups. Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology, 11(2), 163-179. doi: 10.21031/epod.675240
- Deniz, H., Kaya, E., Yesilyurt, E., & Trabia, M. (2020). The influence of an engineering design experience on elementary teachers’ nature of engineering views. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 30, 635-656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-019-09518-4
- DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Ölçek geliştirme: Kuram ve uygulamalar. T. Totan (Çev.), Ölçek geliştirme ilkeleri, içinde (s. 73-114). Ankara: Nobel Akademi Yayıncılık.
- Dülger, G., & Karahan Okuroglu, G. (2024). Development of safe blood transfusion self‐efficacy scale for nurses: Validity and reliability study. Transfusion and Apheresis Science, 63(5), 103984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transci.2024.103984
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