Fungal agents causing disease on strawberries grown in Antalya province

Year 2020, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 21 - 26, 01.04.2020

Gürsel Hatat Karaca , Fatma Kaya

https://doi.org/10.29136/mediterranean.609519

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The
aim of this study was to determine the fungi causing disease in strawberry
areas in Antalya province. In the study, 28 strawberry greenhouses from 8
districts were visited. Surveys were performed at two periods; first, two weeks
after transplanting, and second one at the beginning of harvest period. In the
greenhouses, samples were taken from the plants showing disease symptoms. As a
result of isolations, fungi belonging to 12 genera were determined. From the
soil samples, Rhizoctonia solani was
the most common fungus with 96.43% prevalence rate and Fusarium spp. with 75% and
Pythium sp. with 35.71% followed
it. Gliocladium roseum, Alternaria
alternata, Aspergillus niger,
Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer,
Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium sp. were the other fungi
found in soil samples with low rates. Alternaria
alternata was the most common fungus with the prevalence rate of 96.43%,
while Mycosphaerella fragariae followed
it with 71.43% and the prevalence rate of Cladosporium
cladosporioides was 3.57% in the leaf samples. Botrytis cinerea was the most common fungus in the isolations from
the fruit samples with 85.71% prevalence rate, and Penicillium sp. with 35.71% and Aspergillus
niger with 10.71% were the other fungi isolated from the rotten fruits. In
the pathogenicity tests, all fungi caused typical symptoms on healthy plants.
According to these results, A. alternata,
M. fragariae and B. cinerea were found as the most important pathogens of
strawberries grown in Antalya, while some other soil borne pathogens like R. solani, Fusarium spp., Pythium spp., Verticillium spp. may also cause significant losses.

Keywords

Fragaria X Ananassa Duch., Leaf spot, Root rot, Wilt, Fruit rot

Antalya ilinde yetiştirilen çileklerde hastalığa neden olan fungal etmenler

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada, Antalya ilindeki çilek ekim alanlarında hastalığa neden olan fungal
patojenlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla, ilde çilek yetiştiriciliğinin yapıldığı 8
ilçede, toplamda 28 farklı serada örnekleme yapılarak, toprak ve hastalıklı
bitki örnekleri alınmıştır. Örneklerden yapılan izolasyonlar sonucunda 12
fungus cinsi belirlenmiştir. Topraktan yapılan izolasyonlarda %96.43 ile
yaygınlık oranı en yüksek fungus Rhizoctonia
solani olurken, %75 ile Fusarium spp.
ve %35.71 ile Pythium sp. onu
izlemiştir. Gliocladium roseum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus
stolonifer, Botrytis cinerea ve Verticillium sp. ise toprak örneklerinde
düşük yaygınlık oranlarıyla bulunan diğer funguslar olmuştur. Yaprak
örneklerinde Alternaria alternata
%96.43 oranıyla en yaygın fungus olarak belirlenirken, %71.43 oranıyla Mycosphaerella fragariae onu izlemiş, Cladosporium cladosporioides’in
yaygınlık oranı ise %3.57 olmuştur. Meyvelerden yapılan izolasyonlarda ise
%85.71 oranıyla Botrytis cinerea en
yaygın fungus olarak saptanmış, %35.71 ile
Penicillium sp. ve %10.71 ile Aspergillus
niger çürük meyvelerden izole edilen diğer funguslar olmuştur. Laboratuvar
koşullarında yürütülen patojenite denemelerinde tüm funguslar kendilerine özgü
belirtileri oluşturmuşlardır. Bu sonuçlara göre; Antalya ilinde yetiştirilen
çileklerde A. alternata, M. fragariae ve B. cinerea en önemli patojenler olarak belirlenirken, R. solani, Fusarium spp., Pythium spp.,
Verticillium spp. gibi bazı toprak
kökenli patojenlerin de ciddi kayıplara neden olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

Fragaria X Ananassa Duch., Yaprak lekesi, Kök çürüklüğü, Solgunluk, Meyve çürüklüğü

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