From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia

Seher Ulu; Kadir Ardıç

doi:10.33206/mjss.1820687

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Year 2026, Volume: 15 Issue: 2 , 681 - 701 , 28.04.2026

Seher Ulu , Kadir Ardıç

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687

https://izlik.org/JA83PZ68NZ

Abstract

References

Abraham, R. (2004). Emotional competence as antecedent to performance: A contingency framework. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 130(2), 117–145. https://doi.org/10.3200/MONO.130.2.117-145
Aghdam, B. A., & Mahjoub, A. (2013). The effect of emotional intelligence on performance and motivation of staff: Case study of East Azarbaijan Red Crescent. International Journal of Management Academy, 1(2), 109–120.
Ahmed, K. A. G. (2015). The relationships between conflict management styles, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment among workers in public and private sectors. Universal Journal of Psychology, 3(2), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujp.2015.030203
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Arakawa, D., & Greenberg, M. (2007). Optimistic managers and their influence on productivity and employee engagement in a technology organisation: Implications for coaching psychologists. International Coaching Psychology Review, 2(1), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpsicpr.2007.2.1.78
Argon, T. (2015). Öğretmenlerin sahip oldukları duygu durumlarını okul yöneticilerinin dikkate alıp almamalarına ilişkin görüşleri. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 377–404.
Arnold, K. H., & Lindner-Müller, C. (2012). Assessment and development of social competence: Introduction to the special issue. Journal for Educational Research Online, 4(1), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.25656/01:7049
Barblett, L., & Maloney, C. (2010). Complexities of assessing social and emotional competence and wellbeing in young children. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 35(2), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/183693911003500203
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Baş, T. (2013). Anket (7th ed.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Boyatzis, R. E. (2006). Using tipping points of emotional intelligence and cognitive competencies to predict financial performance of leaders. Psicothema, 18(Supl.), 124–131. https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/PST/article/view/8431/8295
Boyatzis, R. E. (2009). Competencies as a behavioral approach to emotional intelligence. Journal of Management Development, 28(9), 749–770. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710910987647
Boyatzis, R. E., & Goleman, D. (2007). Emotional and Social Competency Inventory (ESCI 3.0) [Measurement instrument]. Hay Group.
Boyatzis, R. E., Goleman, D., & Rhee, K. S. (2000). Clustering competence in emotional intelligence. In R. Bar- On & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace (pp. 343–362). Jossey-Bass.
Chen, X. H., Zhao, K., Liu, X., & Dash Wu, D. (2012). Improving employees' job satisfaction and innovation performance using conflict management. International Journal of Conflict Management, 23(2), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/10444061211218276
Chi, C. G.-Q., & Qu, H. (2008). Examining the structural relationships of destination image, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: An integrated approach. Tourism Management, 29(4), 624–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.06.007
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Den Hartog, D. N., & Belschak, F. D. (2007). Personal initiative, commitment and affect at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80(4), 601–622. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317906x171442
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Year 2026, Volume: 15 Issue: 2 , 681 - 701 , 28.04.2026

Seher Ulu , Kadir Ardıç

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687

https://izlik.org/JA83PZ68NZ

Abstract

References

Abraham, R. (2004). Emotional competence as antecedent to performance: A contingency framework. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 130(2), 117–145. https://doi.org/10.3200/MONO.130.2.117-145
Aghdam, B. A., & Mahjoub, A. (2013). The effect of emotional intelligence on performance and motivation of staff: Case study of East Azarbaijan Red Crescent. International Journal of Management Academy, 1(2), 109–120.
Ahmed, K. A. G. (2015). The relationships between conflict management styles, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment among workers in public and private sectors. Universal Journal of Psychology, 3(2), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujp.2015.030203
Ak Sütlü, S. (2013). Sağlık çalışanlarında duygusal zekâ ve tükenmişlik ilişkisi [Yüksek lisans tezi, Beykent Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Yönetimi Anabilim Dalı]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=wzAHsaaF-P8- zD5NEr9BSA&no=CrkuR2fsKpQCtvqL4_TMIQ
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
Arakawa, D., & Greenberg, M. (2007). Optimistic managers and their influence on productivity and employee engagement in a technology organisation: Implications for coaching psychologists. International Coaching Psychology Review, 2(1), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpsicpr.2007.2.1.78
Argon, T. (2015). Öğretmenlerin sahip oldukları duygu durumlarını okul yöneticilerinin dikkate alıp almamalarına ilişkin görüşleri. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 377–404.
Arnold, K. H., & Lindner-Müller, C. (2012). Assessment and development of social competence: Introduction to the special issue. Journal for Educational Research Online, 4(1), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.25656/01:7049
Barblett, L., & Maloney, C. (2010). Complexities of assessing social and emotional competence and wellbeing in young children. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 35(2), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/183693911003500203
Bar-On, R. (1997). Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i): Technical manual. Multi-Health Systems.
Baş, T. (2013). Anket (7th ed.). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. John Wiley & Sons.
Boyatzis, R. E. (2006). Using tipping points of emotional intelligence and cognitive competencies to predict financial performance of leaders. Psicothema, 18(Supl.), 124–131. https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/PST/article/view/8431/8295
Boyatzis, R. E. (2009). Competencies as a behavioral approach to emotional intelligence. Journal of Management Development, 28(9), 749–770. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710910987647
Boyatzis, R. E., & Goleman, D. (2007). Emotional and Social Competency Inventory (ESCI 3.0) [Measurement instrument]. Hay Group.
Boyatzis, R. E., Goleman, D., & Rhee, K. S. (2000). Clustering competence in emotional intelligence. In R. Bar- On & J. D. A. Parker (Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace (pp. 343–362). Jossey-Bass.
Chen, X. H., Zhao, K., Liu, X., & Dash Wu, D. (2012). Improving employees' job satisfaction and innovation performance using conflict management. International Journal of Conflict Management, 23(2), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.1108/10444061211218276
Chi, C. G.-Q., & Qu, H. (2008). Examining the structural relationships of destination image, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: An integrated approach. Tourism Management, 29(4), 624–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.06.007
Cichy, R. F., Cha, J., & Kim, S. (2009). The relationship between organizational commitment and contextual performance among private club leaders. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.03.001
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1995). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 309–319. https://doi.org/10.1037//1040-3590.7.3.309
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
Cooper, R., & Sawaf, A. (1997). Executive EQ: Emotional intelligence in leadership and organization. Grosset/Putnam.
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From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia

Year 2026, Volume: 15 Issue: 2 , 681 - 701 , 28.04.2026

Seher Ulu , Kadir Ardıç

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687

https://izlik.org/JA83PZ68NZ

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the impacts of emotional and social competencies on individual work outcomes in the hospitality industry. The data for the study were obtained from 451 hospitality employees in hotels operating in Nevşehir province (Cappadocia) by means of a structured questionnaire. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was applied to confirm the reliability and validity of the scales used to collect data in the study. At the same time, multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses put forward in the study. The results demonstrated that the dimensions of emotional and social competencies play a pivotal role in predicting individual work outcomes. Self-management and relationship management as the dimensions of emotional and social competencies positively affected affective commitment, but self-awareness negatively affected affective commitment. It was also observed that the self-management and relationship management dimensions of emotional and social competencies positively affected innovative work behavior. In addition, both self-awareness and self-management positively affected job satisfaction. On the other hand, the results showed that social awareness and relationship management had a positive and significant effect on task performance. Lastly, the paper concludes by discussing both theoretical and practical implications for hospitality industry employees and managers, highlighting the study's limitations and offering directions for future research.

Keywords

Emotional and social competencies , individual work outcomes , affective commitment , innovative work behavior , job satisfaction and task performance

Ethical Statement

During the preparation of the study titled “From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia”, scientific, ethical and citation principles were observed. No fabrication, falsification or manipulation of the collected data was carried out, and the study has not been submitted to any other journal or academic platform for evaluation. The article is derived from the doctoral dissertation titled “The Effects of Emotional and Social Competencies on Individual Work Outcomes”, completed at the Sakarya University Business Institute. The Board of Directors of the Sakarya University Business Institute, in its meeting dated 08.07.2019, stated that the dissertation complies with ethical standards and that no ethical violation is involved. Furthermore, the measurement tools used in this article were found to be in compliance with scientific ethics by the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Board's decision dated 28.11.2025 and numbered 2025.02. Statement of Contribution Rate of Researchers: The contribution rates of the authors in the study are equal. Declaration of Conflict: There is no potential conflict of interest in the study. Funding: No funding was received from any institution or organization for this study. Statement of Use for Artificial Intelligence and Its Types: Artificial intelligence and its various types were not used in the writing of this article. Data Sharing Statement: We declare that, upon reasonable request for the purpose of verifying the findings, we can share the data of this study according to the conditions specified in the relevant section of the "ethical principles and publication policy". Note: This research is derived from the doctoral dissertation titled “The Effects of Emotional and Social Competencies on Individual Work Outcomes”, completed at the Sakarya University Business Institute.

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Yeterlilikten Eyleme: Kapadokya'da Duygusal ve Sosyal Yeterlilikler Bireysel İş Çıktılarını Nasıl Etkiliyor?

Year 2026, Volume: 15 Issue: 2 , 681 - 701 , 28.04.2026

Seher Ulu , Kadir Ardıç

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687

https://izlik.org/JA83PZ68NZ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, konaklama sektöründe duygusal ve sosyal yeterliliklerin bireysel iş çıktıları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmanın verileri, Nevşehir ilinde (Kapadokya) faaliyet gösteren otellerde çalışan 451 konaklama sektörü çalışanından yapılandırılmış bir anket aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeklerin güvenirlik ve geçerliğini doğrulamak amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi uygulanmıştır. Aynı zamanda, çalışmada ileri sürülen hipotezleri test etmek için çoklu regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, duygusal ve sosyal yeterliliklerin boyutlarının bireysel iş çıktılarının yordanmasında önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Duygusal ve sosyal yeterliliklerin boyutlarından öz-yönetim ve ilişki yönetimi duygusal bağlılığı pozitif yönde, öz-farkındalık ise negatif yönde etkilemiştir. Ayrıca, duygusal ve sosyal yeterliliklerin öz-yönetim ve ilişki yönetimi boyutlarının yenilikçi iş davranışını pozitif yönde etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, hem öz-farkındalık hem de öz-yönetim iş tatminini pozitif yönde etkilemiştir. Öte yandan, sonuçlar sosyal farkındalık ve ilişki yönetiminin görev performansı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Son olarak, makale hem konaklama sektörü çalışanları hem de yöneticileri için kuramsal ve uygulamaya dönük çıkarımları tartışmakta; çalışmanın sınırlılıklarını ortaya koymakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için yönelimler önermektedir.

Keywords

Duygusal ve sosyal yeterlilikler , bireysel iş çıktıları , duygusal bağlılık , yenilikçi iş davranışı , iş tatmini ve görev performansı

Ethical Statement

“Yeterlilikten Eyleme: Kapadokya'da Duygusal ve Sosyal Yeterlilikler Bireysel İş Çıktılarını Nasıl Etkiliyor?” başlıklı çalışmanın yazım sürecinde bilimsel kurallara, etik ve alıntı kurallarına uyulmuş; toplanan veriler üzerinde herhangi bir tahrifat yapılmamış ve bu çalışma herhangi başka bir akademik yayın ortamına değerlendirme için gönderilmemiştir. Makale, Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü'nde tamamlanan “Duygusal ve Sosyal Yeterliliklerin Bireysel İş Sonuçları Üzerindeki Etkileri” başlıklı doktora tezinden türetilmiştir. Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü Yönetim Kurulu, 08.07.2019 tarihli toplantısında tezin etik standartlara uygun olduğunu ve herhangi bir etik ihlal içermediğini belirtmiştir. Ayrıca, bu makalede kullanılan ölçme araçlarının, Kırgız-Türk Manas Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kurulu'nun 28.11.2025 tarihli ve 2025.02 numaralı kararıyla bilimsel etik kurallarına uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmacıların Katkı Oranı Beyanı: Yazarların çalışmadaki katkı oranları eşittir. Çatışma Beyanı: Çalışmada herhangi bir potansiyel çıkar çatışması söz konusu değildir. Finansman: Bu çalışma için herhangi bir kurum veya kuruluştan destek alınmamıştır. Yapay Zeka ve Türleri Kullanım Beyanı: Bu makalenin yazımında yapay zeka ve türleri kullanılmamıştır. Veri Paylaşım Beyanı: Bu çalışmanın verilerini bulguların doğrulanması amacıyla makul bir talep üzerine “etik ilkeler ve yayın politikası”nın ilgili kısmında belirtilen şartlara göre paylaşabileceğimizi beyan ederiz. Not: Bu araştırma, Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü'nde tamamlanan "Duygusal ve Sosyal Yeterliliklerin Bireysel İş Sonuçları Üzerindeki Etkileri" başlıklı doktora tezinden türetilmiştir.

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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Entrepreneurship
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	Seher Ulu 0000-0001-8958-6308 Kadir Ardıç 0000-0001-7851-9564
Submission Date	November 10, 2025
Acceptance Date	January 29, 2026
Publication Date	April 28, 2026
DOI	https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687
IZ	https://izlik.org/JA83PZ68NZ
Published in Issue	Year 2026 Volume: 15 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Ulu, S., & Ardıç, K. (2026). From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 15(2), 681-701. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687
AMA	1.Ulu S, Ardıç K. From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia. MJSS. 2026;15(2):681-701. doi:10.33206/mjss.1820687
Chicago	Ulu, Seher, and Kadir Ardıç. 2026. “From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 15 (2): 681-701. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687.
EndNote	Ulu S, Ardıç K (April 1, 2026) From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 15 2 681–701.
IEEE	[1]S. Ulu and K. Ardıç, “From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia”, MJSS, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 681–701, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.33206/mjss.1820687.
ISNAD	Ulu, Seher - Ardıç, Kadir. “From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 15/2 (April 1, 2026): 681-701. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1820687.
JAMA	1.Ulu S, Ardıç K. From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia. MJSS. 2026;15:681–701.
MLA	Ulu, Seher, and Kadir Ardıç. “From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 2, Apr. 2026, pp. 681-0, doi:10.33206/mjss.1820687.
Vancouver	1.Seher Ulu, Kadir Ardıç. From Competence to Action: How Emotional and Social Competencies Affect Individual Work Outcomes in Cappadocia. MJSS. 2026 Apr. 1;15(2):681-70. doi:10.33206/mjss.1820687

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