Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Kanada’da Okul Müdürlerinin Genel Profili ve Mesleki Gelişim Faaliyetlerine Katılım Düzeyleri / Demographic Characteristics of School Principals in the U.S.A. and Canada and Their Level of Participation in Professional Devel

Abstract

Bu çalışmada amaç, köklü okul yöneticisi seçme ve yetiştirme geleneklerine sahip ABD ve Kanada’daki okul yöneticisi seçme ve yetiştirme modelleri ile bu ülkelerdeki mevcut müdürlerin genel profillerini incelemektir. Çalışmada alanyazın taraması ve nicel yöntemlerden betimleme yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında ABD ve Kanada’daki mevcut yönetici seçme ölçütleri ve yetiştirme modelleri alanyazın taraması yoluyla ortaya konmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra, 2013 Uluslararası Öğretme ve Öğrenme Anketi (Teaching and Learning International Survey [TALIS]) verilerinden yararlanılarak her iki ülkede görev yapan okul müdürlerinin demografik özellikleri (cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu ve deneyim) ve aldıkları mesleki gelişim eğitimleri ve katıldıkları mentorluk, seminer, kurs ve gözlem ziyaretleri gibi profesyonel faaliyetler incelenmiştir. Bulgulara göre, yönetici seçme kriterleri; öğretmenlik tecrübesinin bulunması, eğitim yönetimi alanında yüksek lisans yapmış olmak, yöneticilik sertifikasına sahip olmak ve belirli programlara katılım olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Okul müdürlerinin yetiştirilmesinde ise stajyerlik ve mentorluk gibi uygulama odaklı çağdaş yöntemlerin kullanıldığı göze çarpmaktadır. Bu bulgulara paralel olarak, TALIS verileri ABD ve Kanada’daki müdürlerin çoğunluğunun önemli ölçüde öğretmenlik tecrübesine sahip olduğu, öğretimsel liderlik ve okul yönetimine ilişkin program veya kurslara, çeşitli network, mentorluk veya araştırma aktivitelerine ve konferans veya gözlem ziyareti amaçlı okul ziyareti aktivitelerine sıklıkla katıldıklarını göstermektedir. 

Keywords

• ABD, Kanada, mesleki gelişim, okul yönetimi, TALIS, yönetici yetiştirme

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