Determination of Phenolic Content by HPLC, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and DNA Protective Activities of Nepeta transcaucasica Grossh. (kaf pisikotu) Extract

Abstract

Members of the Lamiaceae family are widely used in traditional medicine and agriculture thanks to their secondary metabolites. In this study, the phenolic substance content of ethanol extract obtained from Nepeta transcaucasica Grossh. (kaf pisikotu) plant collected in Bitlis province was determined by HPLC and antimicrobial, antioxidant and DNA protective activities were investigated. It was determined that the extract contained the most apigenin and vanillin. When evaluated according to the antimicrobial activity results, it was observed that it showed good activity. It was also found that the extract showed better antibacterial activity than other antibiotics except erythromycin. Four different methods were used to determine the in vitro antioxidant properties of the extract. According to the results of the study, it was determined that N. transcaucasica extract exhibited antioxidant activity close to BHA, BHT and α-tocopherol standard antioxidants. Finally, it was observed that the extract had no protective effect on the pBR322 DNA plasmid. Since the studies on N. transcaucasica are limited, it is thought that the results obtained in this study will make important contributions to the literature.

Keywords

• Antimicrobial
• antioxidant
• DNA
• HPLC
• Plant

Nepeta transcaucasica Grossh. (kaf pisikotu) Estraktının HPLC ile Fenolik Madde İçeriğinin Tayini, Antimikrobiyal, Antioksidan ve DNA Koruyucu Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Lamiaceae familyasının üyeleri içerdikleri sekonder metabolitler sayesinde geleneksel tıpta ve tarımda yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, Bitlis İlinde toplanan Nepeta transcaucasica Grossh. (kaf pisikotu) bitkisinden elde edilen etanol ekstraktının fenolik madde içeriği HPLC ile belirlenerek, antimikrobiyal, antioksidan ve DNA koruyucu aktiviteleri araştırıldı. Ekstraktın en fazla apigenin ve vanillin içerdiği belirlendi. Antimikrobiyal aktivite sonuçlarına göre genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde iyi derecede aktivite gösterdiği gözlemlendi. Aynı zamanda ekstraktın eritromisin hariç diğer antibiyotiklerden daha iyi antibakteriyal aktivite gösterdiği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada, ekstraktın in vitro antioksidan özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla dört farklı metot kullanıldı. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre N. transcaucasica ekstraktının, BHA, BHT ve α-tokoferol standart antioksidanlarına yakın antioksidan aktivite sergilediği belirlendi. Son olarak ekstraktın, pBR322 DNA plazmiti üzerine koruyucu etki göstermediği gözlendi. N. transcaucasica ile ilgili çalışmalar kısıtlı olduğundan, bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçların literatüre önemli katkılar sunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• antimikrobiyal
• antioksidan
• Bitki
• DNA
• HPLC

References

1. Polat R., Çakılcıoğlu U., Satıl F. Traditional uses of medicinal plants in Solhan (Bingöl-Turkey). J. of Ethnopharmacology. 148 951-963, 2013.
2. Başer K.H.C., Kırımer N. Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Plants of Turkey. Acta Horticulturae. 723 163-171, 2006.
3. İşcan G., Köse Y.B., Demirci B., Başer K.H.C. Anticandidal Activity of the Essential Oil of Nepeta transcaucasica Grossh. Chemistry Biodiversity. 8 2144-2148, 2011.
4. Quave C.L., Plano L.R., Pantuso T., Bennett B.C. Effects of extracts from Italian medicinal plants on planktonic growth, biofilm formation and adherence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. J. of Ethnopharmacology. 118 418-428, 2008.
5. Figueiredo A.C., Barroso J.G., Pedro L.G., Salgueiro L., Miguel M.G., Faleiro M.L. Portuguese Thymbra and Thymus species volatiles: Chemical composition and biological activities. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 14 3120-3140, 2008.
6. Takaki I., Bersani-Amado L.E., Vendruscolo A., Sartoretto S.M., Diniz S.P., Bersani-Amado C.A. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil in experimental animal models. J. Medicinal Food. 11 741-746, 2008.
7. Cheung S., Tai J. Anti-proliferative and antioxidant properties of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis. Oncology Reports. 17 1525-1531, 2007.
8. Khatun S., Chatterjee N.C., Çakılcıoğlu U. Antioxidant activity of the medicinal plant Coleus forskohlii Briq. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10 2530-2535, 2011.

9. Tapan S. Quantitative Hplc Analysis of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids and Ascorbic Acid in Four Different Solvent Extracts of Two Wild Edible Leaves, Sonchus Arvensis and Oenanthe Linearis of North-Eastern Region in India. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 6:2 157-166, 2016.
10. Savcı A., Koçpınar E.F., Alan Y., Kurşat M. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and DNA protection activities of some Tanacetum species and phenolic richness in their ethanolic extracts. International Food Research Journal. 27:1 160-170, 2020.
11. Alan Y., Savcı A., Koçpınar E.F., Kurşat M., Topdemir S., Karataş M., Çakmak B. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and DNA protective effects and phenolic content of Lallementia canescens (L.) Fisch. C.A.Mey. and Lallementia peltata (L.) Fisch. C.A.Mey. Biological Diversity and Conservation. 12:3 78-88, 2019.
12. Hindler J. Tests to Assess Bactericidal Activity. In Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook. Ed, Eisenberg Hd. Washington, Dc: American Society For Microbiology. p. 5.16.14-5.16.24, 1992.
13. Mitsuda H., Yasumoto K., Wami K. Antioxidative action of indole compounds during the autoxidation of linoleic acid. Eiyoto Shokuryo. 19 210-214, 1966.
14. Oyaizu M. Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine. Jpn J Nutr., 44 307-315, 1986.
15. Blois M.S. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 26 1199-1200, 1958.
16. Gülçin İ. Antioxidant activity of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid). Toxicology. 217:2-3 213-220, 2006.
17. Londershausen M. Approaches to New Parasiticides. Pesticide Science. 48:4 269-292, 1996.
18. Köksal E., Tohma H., Kılıç Ö., Alan Y., Aras A., Gülçin İ., Bursal E. Assessment of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Nepeta trachonitica: Analysis of Its Phenolic Compounds Using HPLC-MS/MS. Sci. Pharm. 85:2 24, 2017.
19. Milevskaya V.V, Temerdashev Z.A, Butyl’skaya T.S, Kiseleva N.V. Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants From the Lamiaceae Family. Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 72:3 342-348, 2017.
20. Cocan I., Alexa E., Dancıu C., Radulov I., Galuscan A., Obistioiu D., Morvay A.A., Sumalan R.M., Poiana M. Pop G, Dehelean C.A. Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activity of Lamiaceae Family Plant Extracts. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 15:2 1863-1870, 2017.
21. Skendi A., Irakli M., Chatzopoulou P. Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Greek Plants of Lamiaceae Familyby Hplc. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 6 62-69, 2017.
22. Aras A. Türkiye’de Yetişen Endemik (Nepeta Nuda Subsp. Lydiae) Bitkisine Ait Farklı Ekstrelerin Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi ve Fenolik Bileşikiçeriklerinin Lc-Ms/Ms İle Analizi. Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Dicle Üniversitesi, Kimya Anabilim Dalı 105 s, 2016.
23. Bozkaya Ö. Türkiye'de yetişen bazı phlomis türlerinin in vitro antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir, 2013.
24. Alan Y., Savcı A., Çakmak B., Kurt H. Determination of the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Satureja Hortensis Ingredients journal of the Institute of Natural Applied Sciences. 21:2 167-177, 2016.
25. Mahmood S., Hayat M.Q., Sadiq A., Ishtiaq S., Malik S., Ashraf M. Antibacterial Activity of Lallemantia Royleana (Benth.) İndigenous to Pakistan. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 7:31 4006-4009, 2013.
26. Öztürk A. In vitro antibacterial activities of Nepeta transcaucasica. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 21:8 6440-6444, 2009.
27. Kraujalis P, Venskutonis P.R, Ragazinskiene O. Antioxidant Activities and Phenolic Composition of Extracts From Nepeta Plant Species. Foodbalt. p 79-83, 2011.
28. Zhang H, Barcelo J.M, Lee B, Kohlhagen G, Zimonjic D.B, Popescu N.C, Pommier Y. Human Mitochondrial Topoisomerase I. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98:19 10608-10613, 2001.
29. Tepe B.A., Degerli S., Arslan S., Malatyali E., Sarikurkcu C. Determination of Chemical Profile, Antioxidant, DNA Damage Protection and Antiamoebic Activities of Teucrium Polium and Stachys İberica. Fitoterapia. 82 237-246, 2011.
30. Hamza B, Boumediene M, Aicha T.T, Şekeroğlu N. Chemical Composition and DNA Damage Protective Effect of Essential Oil of Rosmarinus Officinalis and Populus Alba. International Journal of Phytopharmacology. 7:4 196-201, 2016.
31. Guha G., Rajkumar V., Mathew L., Kumar R.A. The Antioxidant and DNA Protection Potential of Indian 25Tribal Medicinal Plants. Turk J Biol., 35 233-242, 2011.