Yüksek Hızlı 3B Yazıcıda Basılmış PLA, PETG ve ABS Numunelerin Mekanik Özellikleri

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 161 - 174, 30.04.2025

Mürsel Ekrem , Musa Yılmaz

Abstract

Malzemenin katmanlar halinde biriktirilmesi ile yeni bileşenlerin oluşturulmasında en popüler yöntemlerden biri olan 3B baskı başta havacılık ve tıp olmak üzere birçok alanda geniş bir ürün yelpazesi için kullanılmaktadır. 3B baskı özellikle termoplastik malzemelere odaklanmakta ve fonksiyonel dereceli ürünler kolaylıkla üretilebilmektedir. 3B baskıda kullanılan üretim parametreleri, basılan ürünlerin mekanik özelliklerini önemli ölçüde etkileyecek şekilde değişiklik gösterir. Bu çalışmada, PLA, PETG ve ABS numuneleri, ASTM standartlarına uygun olarak yüksek hızlı bir 3D yazıcı kullanılarak basılmıştır. Üretilen numunelerin malzeme özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla çekme, sertlik, yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve su emilimi testleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, en çok tercih edilen termoplastik malzemelerin (PLA, PETG ve ABS) karşılaştırmalı bir analizini sunmakta ve yüksek hızlı baskı için bir üretim kılavuzu görevi görmektedir. PETG numuneleri için maksimum gerilme 51,3 MPa olarak bulunurken, PLA için bu değer 48 MPa ve ABS numuneleri için 42,8 MPa olmuştur. Ayrıca, PETG numunesinin üst yüzeyinin ortalama sertliği 76 Shore A ile en yüksek olarak belirlenmiş, PLA ve ABS numuneleri için ise sırasıyla 69 Shore A ve 63 Shore A değerleri gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak, işlem görmemiş haliyle en pürüzlü yüzey 9,441 Ra ile ABS numunelerinde elde edilmiştir ve zımparalama işlemleri ile yüzey kalitesinde önemli iyileşmeler gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

3B Yazıcı, Fonksiyonel Dereceli Malzeme, ABS, PLA, PETG

Mechanical Properties of PLA, PETG, and ABS Samples Printed on a High-Speed 3D Printer

Abstract

3D printing, one of the most popular methods for creating new components through the deposition of material in layers, is used across a wide range of products, particularly in the aerospace and medical fields. 3D printing focuses especially on thermoplastic materials, allowing for the easy production of functionally graded products. The manufacturing parameters used in 3D printing vary, significantly affecting the mechanical properties of the printed items. In this study, PLA, PETG and ABS samples were printed using a high-speed 3D printer in accordance with ASTM standards. Tensile, hardness, surface roughness and water absorption tests were performed to determine the material properties of the produced samples. The results provide a comparative analysis of the most preferred thermoplastic materials (PLA, PETG and ABS) and serve as a production guide for high-speed printing. The maximum stress for PETG specimens was found to be 51.3 MPa, while for PLA it was 48 MPa and for ABS specimens 42.8 MPa. In addition, the average hardness of the top surface of the PETG sample was found to be the highest with 76 Shore A, while 69 Shore A and 63 Shore A values were observed for PLA and ABS samples, respectively. Finally, the roughest surface in the untreated state was obtained in ABS samples with 9.441 Ra and significant improvements in surface quality were observed with sanding processes.

Keywords

3D Printer, Functional graded material, ABS, PLA, PETG

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