Reflexivity in qualitative research: The role of the researcher
Year 2024,
, 770 - 788, 25.06.2024
Nihan Demirkasımoğlu
,
Sevim Bezen
Abstract
The study examines reflexivity in qualitative research, underscoring its vital role in allowing researchers to critically explore their influence and the interplay between their subjectivity and the research process. A thorough literature review within the article reveals a variety of definitions and applications of reflexivity across disciplines, highlighting its complexity and the need for a nuanced application in research practices. Addressing the inherent challenges and ethical considerations in qualitative research, the article champions reflexivity as a means to enhance the validity and authenticity of research findings. It advocates for the integration of reflexive practices throughout the research process, from conceptualization to data analysis, to promote accountability and transparency. In conclusion, the paper provides the researchers clear examples and guidelines that could facilitate a more effective and impactful application of reflexivity, ultimately enriching the research process and contributing to more nuanced and credible research outcomes.
References
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Nitel araştırmalarda yansıtıcılık: Araştırmacının rolü
Year 2024,
, 770 - 788, 25.06.2024
Nihan Demirkasımoğlu
,
Sevim Bezen
Abstract
Bu çalışma, nitel araştırmada yansıtıcılığı incelemekte ve araştırmacıların kendi etkilerini ve öznellikleri ile araştırma süreci arasındaki etkileşimi eleştirel bir şekilde keşfetmelerine olanak sağlamadaki hayati rolünün altını çizmektedir. Makalede yapılan kapsamlı literatür taraması, yansıtıcılığın disiplinler arasında çeşitli tanım ve uygulamalarını ortaya koymakta, karmaşıklığını ve araştırma uygulamalarında farklılaşabilen nüanslara duyulan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır. Nitel araştırmanın doğasında var olan zorlukları ve etik hususları ele alan çalışmada, araştırma bulgularının geçerliliğini ve özgünlüğünü artırmanın bir yolu olarak yansıtıcılığın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Hesap verebilirliği ve şeffaflığı teşvik etmek için kavramsallaştırmadan veri analizine kadar araştırma süreci boyunca yansıtıcılığın uygulamalara entegre edilmesini savunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, araştırmacılara yansıtıcılığın daha etkili bir şekilde uygulanmasını kolaylaştırabilecek, nihayetinde araştırma sürecini zenginleştirecek ve daha incelikli ve güvenilir araştırma sonuçlarına katkıda bulunacak açık örnekler ve kılavuzlar sunmaktadır.
Ethical Statement
Bu çalışmada yazarlar araştırma ve bilim etiğine uygun davranmışlardır. Derleme türü olduğundan etik kurul izni gerekmemektedir.
Supporting Institution
Bulunmuyor
References
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- Barrett, A, Kajamaa, A., & Johnston, J. (2020). How to ... be reflexive when conducting qualitative research. The Clinical Teacher, 17(1), 9–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13133.
- Baskoro, F., Suprianto, B., Anifah, L., & Indriyani, Y. A. (2023). Beyond Smart Devices: Fostering Critical, Communication and Collaborative Thinking in IoT-Based Sensor and Actuator Competence Learning Outcomes. TEM Journal, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM124-52
- Beals, F., Kidman, J., & Funaki, H. (2020). Insider and outsider research: Negotiating self at the edge of the emic/etic divide. Qualitative Inquiry, 26(6), 593-601. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800419843950
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- Bieler, P., Bister, M. D., Hauer, J., Klausner, M., Niewöhner, J., Schmid, C., & von Peter, S. (2021). Distributing reflexivity through co-laborative ethnography. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 50(1), 77-98. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891241620968271
- Birt, L., Scott, S., Cavers, D., Campbell, C., & Walter, F. (2016). Member Checking: A Tool to Enhance Trustworthiness or Merely a Nod to Validation?. Qualitative health research, 26(13), 1802–1811. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732316654870
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- Colyar, J. (2009). Becoming writing, becoming writers. Qualitative Inquiry, 15(2), 421–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800408318280
- Cunliffe, A. L. (2009). The philosopher leader: On relationalism, ethics and reflexivity-A critical perspective to teaching leadership. Management Learning, 40(1), 87–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350507608099315
- Darawsheh, W. (2014). Reflexivity in research: promoting rigour, reliability and validity in qualitative research. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 21(12), 560-568. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2014.21.12.560
- Deggs, D., & Hernandez, F. (2018). Enhancing the value of qualitative field notes through purposeful reflection. The Qualitative Report, 23(10), 2552-2560. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Enhancing-the-Value-of-Qualitative-Field-Notes-Deggs-Hernandez/859881f21a9a6cac546c4d76d08fa4a2838e8126?p2df
- Denzin, N., & Lincoln, Y. (2005). The Sage handbook of qualitative research. Sage.
- Dodgson, J. E. (2019). Reflexivity in qualitative research. Journal of Human Lactation, 35(2), 220-222. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334419830990
- Dowling, M. (2006). Approaches to reflexivity in qualitative research. Nurse researcher, 13(3), 7–21. https://doi.org/10.7748/nr2006.04.13.3.7.c5975
- Eide, P., & Kahn, D. (2008). Ethical issues in the qualitative researcher—participant relationship. Nursing Ethics, 15(2), 199-207. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733007086018
- Ellis, C., & Bochner, A. (2000). Autoethnography, personal narrative, reflexivity: Researcher as subject. In N. Denzin, & Y. Lincoln (Eds.). The Handbook of Qualitative Research, 733-768. Sage.
- Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995). Writing ethnographic field notes. The University of Chicago Press.
- Finefter-Rosenbluh, I. (2017). Incorporating Perspective Taking in Reflexivity: A Method to Enhance Insider Qualitative Research Processes. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917703539
- Finlay, L. (2002a). Negotiating the swamp: The opportunity and challenge of reflexivity in research practice. Qualitative Research, 2(2), 209–230. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410200200205
- Finlay, L. (2002b). "Outing" the researcher: The provenance, process and practice of reflexivity. Qualitative Health Research, 12(4), 531–545. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973202129120052
- Finlay, L., & Gough, B. (Eds.). (2003). Reflexivity: A practical guide for researchers in health and social sciences. John Wiley & Sons. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470776094
- Finlay, L. (2017). Championing “reflexivities”. Qualitative Psychology, 4(2), 120. https://doi.org/10.1037/qup0000075
- Gentles, S. J., Jack, S. M., Nicholas, D. B., & McKibbon, K. A. (2014). Critical Approach to Reflexivity in Grounded Theory. The Qualitative Report, 19(44), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2014.1109
- Gewirtz, S., & Cribb, A. (2006). What to do about values in social research: The case for ethical reflexivity in the sociology of education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 27(2), 141–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425690600556081
- Gordon, J. (2005). White on white: Researcher reflexivity and the logics of privilege in white schools undertaking reform. The Urban Review, 37(4), 279–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-005-0015-1
- Guillemin, M., & Gillam, L. (2004). Ethics, reflexivity, and “ethically important moments” in research. Qualitative inquiry, 10(2), 261-280. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800403262360.
- Habermas, J. (1985). The theory of communicative action: Volume 1: Reason and the rationalization of society. Beacon press.
Haraway, D. (2016). ‘Situated Knowledges: the Science Question in Feminism and the Privilege of Partial Perspective'. In Space, gender, knowledge: Feminist readings (pp. 53-72). Routledge.
- Harding, S. (1991). Whose science? Whose knowledge?: Thinking from women's lives. Cornell University Press.
- Henwood, K. (2008). Qualitative research, reflexivity and living with risk: Valuing and practicing epistemic reflexivity and centering marginality. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 5(1), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780880701863575
- Hinz, S. E. (2016). Upwardly mobile: Attitudes toward the class transition among first-generation college students. Journal of College Student Development, 57(3), 285-299. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2016.0033
- Holmes, A. G. D. (2020). Researcher positionality - A consideration of its influence and place in qualitative research - A new researcher guide. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 8(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v8i4.3232
- Jootun, D., McGhee, G., & Marland, G. R. (2009). Reflexivity: promoting rigour in qualitative research. Nursing Standard, 23(23), 42–46. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.02.23.23.42.c6800
- Kleinsasser, A. M. (2000). Researchers, reflexivity, and good data: Writing to unlearn. Theory into Practice, 39(3), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip3903_6
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