İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNİN İNSAN SAĞLIĞI ÜZERİNDEKİ PSİKOLOJİK ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 77 - 94, 29.12.2020

Baran Barış Aras , Kıvanç Demirci

Öz

İnsanlığın ilk ortaya çıktığı tarihten günümüze bireyler yaşamlarını devam ettirmek için çeşitli faaliyetler gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu faaliyetler ilk çağlardan itibaren çevreyi olumsuz bir şekilde etkilemiştir. İlk çağlarda nüfus azlığı ve faaliyetlerin doğaya vermiş olduğu zararlar göreceli olarak düşük olsa da Sanayi Devrimi sonucunda insan faaliyetleri çeşitlenmiştir. Bu çeşitlenme ile sanayi yoğun teknolojilerin artması atmosferdeki sera gazlarını artırmış ve bu gazların etkisiyle iklim değişikliği olgusu ortaya çıkmıştır. İklim değişikliği, dünya atmosferinin insan faaliyetleri veya doğal yollarla bileşiminin bozulması sonucunda küresel iklimde meydana gelen değişimler olarak tanımlanmaktadır. İnsan kaynaklı iklim değişikliği sera gazlarının etkisiyle ozon tabakasına zarar vererek çevre dengesi mekanizmalarını olumsuz şekilde etkilemiştir. Bu mekanizmaların işlevini tam olarak gerçekleştirememesi Dünya’nın insan eylemleri sonucunda hızla ısınmasına, ozon tabakasının incelmesine ve sürdürülebilirliğin tehlikeye düşmesine sebep olmaktadır. Mevcut iklim değişikliği ve ısınma eğilimlerinin devam etmesi durumunda bireylerin sağlık problemleri günden güne daha da fazla artacaktır. Özellikle belli yaş üstündeki kronik rahatsızlığı bulunan bireylerde hastalık ve ölümlerin artması, hava kirliliğinden kaynaklı solunum yolları hastalıkları gibi sıcağa bağlı gelişen durumlar sonucunda oluşması muhtemel psikolojik rahatsızlıklar da bu sağlık problemlerinin başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde kayıtlara geçmiş veriler ışığında iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz etkileri vurgulanarak iklim değişikliğinin insan sağlığı üzerinde psikolojik etkileri üzerinde durulacaktır. Çalışmanın temel amacı ulusal literatürde eksikliği hissedilen iklim değişikliği ile psikoloji arasındaki bağlantıyı konu alan bir çalışma yaparak gelecek çalışmalara da zemin hazırlamak ve toplumsal farkındalığı artırmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim Değişikliği, Sera Gazları, İnsan Sağlığı, Psikolojik Rahatsızlıklar

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HUMAN HEALTH

Öz

Individuals have carried out various activities to continue their lives since the first appearance of humanity. These activities have had a negative impact on the environment since the ancient times. Although the population and the damage caused by these activities were relatively low in the ancient times, human activities were diversified as a result of the industrial revolution. This diversification and the increase of industrial intensive technologies have increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the phenomenon of climate change has emerged as a result of the impacts of these gases. Climate change is defined as the changes that occur in the global climate as a result of the disruption in the composition of the world atmosphere by human activities or natural ways. Human-induced climate change has affected environmental balance mechanisms negatively by damaging the ozone layer with the effect of greenhouse gases. Failure of these mechanisms to fully function causes the Earth to heat up rapidly as a result of human actions, thin the ozone layer and compromise sustainability. Individuals' health problems will increase day by day in case current climate change and warming trends continue. Psychological disorders that are likely to occur as a result of increasing heat related conditions such as diseases and deaths, respiratory diseases caused by air pollution especially amongst individuals with chronic diseases over a certain age are one of the primary health problems. In this study, the negative effects of climate change will be emphasized in the light of the data found in the national and international literature, and the psychological effects of climate change on human health will be emphasized. The main purpose of the study is to prepare the ground for future studies and increase social awareness by conducting a study about the link between climate change and psychology which is seen as missing in the national literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases, Human Health, Psychological Disorders

Kaynakça

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