Otizmli Çocukların Nesneli Eylemleri Taklit Etme Düzeyleri Üzerinde Baba Aracılı Video ile Model Olma Öğretiminin Etkililiği

Year 2022, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 325 - 380, 30.06.2022

Hacer Diner Evren Alpaslan Karabulut

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, otizmli çocukların nesneli eylemleri taklit etme düzeyleri üzerinde baba aracılı video ile model olma öğretiminin etkililiği incelenmiştir. Ayrıca otizmli çocukların öğretimleri tamamlandıktan sonra kalıcılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi ve babalar üzerindeki sosyal geçerlik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi de amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın deseni tek denekli deneysel desenlerden “Denekler arası çoklu yoklama deseni”dir. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni deneklerin taklit etme düzeyleri, bağımsız değişkeni ise baba aracılı video ile model olma öğretimidir. Araştırmadaki çocuklar belli önkoşul becerilere sahiptir. Araştırmaya Samsun ilinde resmi bir kurumda eğitim gören otizmli çocuklar katılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 40-43 ay aralığında ikisi kız biri erkek otizmli üç çocuktan oluşmuştur. Araştırmada, çocukların günlük hayatta sıkça karşılaştıkları ve kullandıkları nesneli eylemleri içeren on taklit becerisi yer almıştır. Belirlenen bu nesneli eylemlerin taklidinin sergilenmesi için videolarda model olarak yetişkin model kullanılmıştır. Yetişkin modeller araştırmada yer alan çocukların babaları olarak seçilmiştir. Videoyla model olma öğretiminin taklit becerileri üzerindeki etkiliğini belirlemek için başlama düzeyi, yoklama ve izleme evreleri verileri elde edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, otizmli çocukların nesneli eylemleri taklit etme düzeyleri üzerinde baba aracılı video ile model olma öğretiminin iki çocukta etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer çocuğun ise taklit etme düzeyinin başlama düzeyine oranla yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Baba aracılı video ile model olma öğretimi ile edinilen taklit becerisinin öğretim bittikten sonraki birinci, ikinci ve dördüncü haftalarda gerçekleştirilen izleme evrelerinde, çocukların öğretim sonu taklit etme düzeylerini korudukları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen güvenirliğe ilişkin veriler ise belirlenen ölçütü karşılar düzeyde yüksek çıkmıştır. Babalardan görüşme yoluyla elde edilen sosyal geçerlilik verilerine bakıldığında araştırmanın babalar üzerindeki sosyal geçerlilik düzeyinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Otizm Spektrum Bzukluğu,, Video Modelle Öğretim, Taklit Becerileri, Nesneli Taklit Becerileri

Supporting Institution

Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi

Thanks

Teşekkür Ederim

The Effectiveness Of Father Mediated Video Modeling Instruction On Children With Autism On Imitating Objective Actions

Abstract

The Effectiveness Of Father Mediated Video Modeling Instruction On Children With Autism On Imitating Objective Actions

In this study, the effectiveness of father-mediated video modeling instruction on children with autism imitating objective actions was investigated. In addition, it was aimed to examine the permanence levels of children with autism after their education was completed and to determine their social validity levels on fathers. The research design is one-subject experimental design, “Multiple probe pattern between subjects”. The dependent variable of the research is the imitation levels of the subjects and the independent variable is the teaching of being a model with father-mediated video. In the study, attention was paid to the fact that the selected subjects showed similar characteristics and had close prerequisite skills. Children with autism who were educated in an official institution in Samsun participated in the research. The study group of the study consisted of three children with autism, two girls and one boy, between 40-43 months. In the research, ten imitation skills, which include objective actions that children frequently encounter and use in daily life, were included. An adult model was used as a model in the videos in order to imitate these determined objective actions. These adults were selected as the fathers of three children with autism included in the study. In order to determine the effect of video modeling instruction on imitation skills, data for baseline, probe and follow-up phases were obtained. The findings obtained from the study showed that father-mediated video modeling teaching was effective in two children with autism on the level of imitation of objective actions in children with autism. It was determined that the other child’s level of imitation was higher than the starting level. It was determined that the children maintained their imitation level at the end of the instruction in the follow-up phases performed in the first, second and fourth weeks after the teaching of father-mediated video modeling. The data related to the reliability obtained from the research were found to be high enough to meet the specified criteria. Considering the social validity data obtained from the fathers through interviews, it was seen that the social validity level of the research on fathers was high.

Keywords

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Teaching With Video Model, Imitation Skills, Object Imitation Skills

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