Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences

The scientific journal, Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi [Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS)], aims to share scientific studies performed on national and international issues in health sciences with scientists, experts, and the public.

The journal's scope includes national and international original articles, reviews, case reports, and short papers in Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Clinician Nursing and Midwifery Sciences.

Scopes:
Biological Sciences > Biochemistry and Cell Biology > Biochemistry and Cell Biology (Other)
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Nutrition and Dietetics > Nutrigenomics and Personalised Nutrition
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Nutrition and Dietetics > Food Nutritional Balance
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Nutrition and Dietetics > Public Health Nutrition
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Nutrition and Dietetics > Clinical Nutrition
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Nutrition and Dietetics > Sport and Exercise Nutrition
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Surgery > Pediatric Surgery
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Surgery > Thoracic Surgery
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Surgery > Cardiovascular Surgery
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Paediatrics > Pediatric Urology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Paedodontics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Dental Materials and Equipment
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Dental Therapeutics, Pharmacology and Toxicology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Endodontics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Craniofacial Biology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Oral Implantology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Oral Medicine and Pathology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Special Needs Dentistry
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Periodontics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Prosthodontics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Dentistry > Restorative Dentistry
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Pharmaceutical Biochemistry
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Pharmacogenomics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Pharmaceutical Microbiology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Pharmaceutical Toxicology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Basic Pharmacology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Medical Pharmacology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences > Toxicology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Ophthalmology and Optometry > Vision Science
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Ophthalmology and Optometry > Ophthalmology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Ophthalmology and Optometry > Optometry
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology > Haematology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology > Cardiology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology > Respiratory Diseases
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Emergency Medicine
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Anaesthesiology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Infectious Diseases
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Dermatology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Endocrinology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Chest Diseases
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Internal Diseases
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Otorhinolaryngology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Orthopaedics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Pathology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Psychiatry
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Radiology and Organ Imaging
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Rheumatology and Arthritis
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Urology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Clinical Sciences > Intensive Care
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Oncology and Carcinogenesis > Cancer Genetics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Oncology and Carcinogenesis > Cancer Cell Biology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Neurosciences > Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Metabolic Medicine
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical Biochemistry - Amino Acids and Metabolites
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical Biochemistry - Inorganic Elements and Compounds
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical Biochemistry - Carbohydrate
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical Biochemistry - Lipids
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical Biochemistry - Nucleic Acids
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical biochemistry - Proteins, Peptides and Proteomics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics > Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics (Other)
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Physiology > Physiopathology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Physiology > Cell Physiology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Physiology > Human Biophysics
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Physiology > Systems Physiology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Physiology > Medical Physiology (Other)
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Basic Immunology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Bacteriology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Biology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Ecology and Hydroclimatology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Infectious Agents
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Mycology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Parasitology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Virology
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Medical Microbiology > Medical Microbiology (Other)
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences > Reproductive Medicine > Obstetrics and Gynecology
Health Sciences > Nursing > Nursing Fundamentals
Health Sciences > Midwifery > Care Models and Birthplace
Health Sciences > Midwifery > Psychosocial Aspects of Birth and Perinatal Mental Health
Health Sciences > Midwifery > Clinical Midwifery
Health Sciences > Midwifery > Midwifery (Other)
Health Sciences > Nursing > Emergency Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Surgical Diseases Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Child Health and Disease Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Internal Medicine Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Public Health Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Mental Health Nursing
Health Sciences > Nursing > Intensive Care Nursing
Health Sciences > Allied Health and Rehabilitation Science > Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Health Sciences > Allied Health and Rehabilitation Science > Rehabilitation
Health Sciences > Health Services and Systems > Anatomy
Health Sciences > Health Services and Systems > Primary Health Care Services Health Sciences > Health Services and Systems > Health Institutions Management

Writing Rules

GUIDE FOR AUTHORS

The manuscripts must be written in English. The manuscript should be submitted in Microsoft Word format with the following content;

I. Cover Letter to Editor:

It should be noted that it has yet to be submitted to another journal, the name of the person or organisation that financially supports the work, if any, and the affiliation of these organisations with the authors, the category of the submitted article.

II. Title Page:

The title (Turkish and English) should be simple and straightforward. The names (First Letter Uppercase, Example: Suleyman), surnames (All capital letters, Example: KALELI), institutions, and the city must be included on this page. Institution information should be indicated with a superscript number before the name of the author (Example: ¹Suleyman KALELI, ²Oguz KARABAY), and the knowledge of the institution, city, and country should be written below in front of this superscript number (Example:: ¹Sakarya University, School of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Department of Biology, Sakarya, Türkiye). The corresponding author's name, complete address, institution / mobile phone number, and e-mail address should be included on this page. All authors' ORCID IDs must be added to the title page with the HTTPS extension. Example: Suleyman Kaleli: https: //orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-2521

Note: A maximum of 3 authors should be included in review articles and case reports. A letter to the editor should have a maximum of 1 author.

III. Main Text

Abstract: The title of the article and Abstracts should appear at the top of the main text page. The length of the abstract in English should be a maximum of 200 words for research articles and a maximum of 150 words for other essays. The abstract for the research article should include the Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, and Conclusion ( For Turkish; Amaç, Materyal ve Metot, Bulgular, Sonuç). Abstracts for review and case report articles should be written in one paragraph, without headings. Keywords consisting of at least 3 (three) and at most 5 (five) should be written with a space between the digits. Keywords should be compatible with Index Medicus, Medical Subject Headings, and Turkish Scientific Terms Dictionary. Keywords should be registered in alphabetical order. The main text should include the title of the manuscript in Turkish and English, as well as Turkish and English abstracts.

Note: The Turkish abstract and title of the article submitted from outside Türkiye can be translated free of charge by the journal's Editorial Team.

Primary Text: Our journal considers full-sentence and full-paragraph similarities. It ignores the spellings of words, idioms, terminology, etc. Apart from these, the rate should not exceed 15%. The similarity certificate must be uploaded.

Our journal requires an English control certificate to be uploaded. For manuscripts coming from English-speaking countries outside Türkiye and institutions providing education in English in Türkiye, it is sufficient to upload the file with the word "Language checked" in the word file.

It must be written in English. Technical terms, symbols, and abbreviations should be defined in the first use of the article. All chapters should be written in the format suggested below. The introduction should be 400 words or less. The research article should be at most 2500 words, the review article should be at most 3000, and the case report should be at most 1500 words.

In research that requires ethical committee approval; In the first paragraph of the Materials and Methods section; the Institution from which ethical permission was obtained, the name of the ethics committee (date, decision number), and the statement that the study was carried out following the international declaration, guidelines, etc. In addition, under the title of the Case Report, In the first paragraph, the information that the informed consent was followed through and the consent form was signed should be included.

The Materials and Methods section should contain italic, bold descriptive headings.
Results should be written using tables and figures. The data on the table and figure should be explained in a paragraph by referring to the table/figure, and then the relevant table and figure should be placed. It is important to ensure that the rows and columns of tables are clearly visible. Therefore, the lines should be visible.
In the Discussion and Conclusion section, you should be able to take care of references from the last 5-6 years (Current references). A conclusion paragraph should be written at the end of the Discussion and Conclusion section, including the study's limitations. The paragraph should begin as In conclusion.

The number of references should be a maximum of 30 for the research articles, 10 for the case report, and no limit for the review articles.

Note: For word counts, legends and contents of tables, legends of figures, additional information and the reference list added after the discussion section are not included in the word count.

Research article format; (Information on the main text page)
Title of the Article (in Turkish and English for the article uploaded from Türkiye)
ABSTRACT and Keywords (in Turkish and English for the paper uploaded from Türkiye)
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION (It should be written with current references covering the last 5-6 years (minimum 80%)).
REFERENCES
Tables and figures (Where they should be in the Results Section)

Case presentation format; (Information on the main text page)
Title of the Article (in Turkish and English for the article uploaded from Türkiye)
ABSTRACT and Keywords (in Turkish and English for the paper uploaded from Türkiye)
INTRODUCTION (too short)
CASE REPORT
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Tables and figures (Where they should be in the Results Section)

Review article: Invited review articles will be accepted (For the paper uploaded from Türkiye, the article title, abstract, and keywords should be written in Turkish and English).

Note: For the case report, review, and research articles, it is obligatory to write the Author Contributions (for more than one author), Conflict of Interest, Ethics Committee Approval (If there is; Date and decision number, if not, not available or informed consent and information about signing the consent form for case report) and if any, the Financial Support and Acknowledgment in the main text.

Examples for additional information (Before References):

Ethics Committee Approval: Our study was approved by the XXX University Ethics Committee (Date: 25.12.2021, decision no: 12). The study was carried out following the international declaration, guidelines, etc. (For case report: The patient/relatives have signed an informed consent/consent form, and the study was conducted following the international declaration, guidelines, etc. For Review: The editor invited to review. Ethics committee approval is not required).

Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Author Contributions: Concept – FV, SG; Supervision – FV, AB, SG; Materials – OE, GK; Data Collection and/or Processing – FV, AB; Analysis and/or Interpretation – BZP, FV, SG; Writing –FV, SG.
Peer-review: Externally peer-reviewed.
Financial Support: If there is.
Acknowledgement: If there is.
Other Information: If there is; a Congress presentation, production status from Master's / Doctorate / Specialization Thesis, etc.

Page Structure and Format: All manuscripts submitted to the journal for publication should be prepared in MS Word files in the following format (MS Word template).

• The entire text should be written in justified Times New Roman format with 12 type sizes and a half lines spacing.

• The article's length, including all sources, tables, and figures, should be at least 4 (four) and at most 15 pages.

• The total number of tables, figures, graphics, and photographs should not exceed 5 (maximum 5). Lines and columns of tables should be drawn. Table content can be in 9 type size characters.

• All figures, graphics, photographs, and tables should be referred to in the main text, and tables and figures should be placed at the appropriate place in the text, not at the end of the text. Graphs, figures, and tables in the text should be numbered. Shapes, graphics, and photos should be in JPG or TIFF format. If human photographs are to be used, these persons should not be recognised in the picture, or written permission must be obtained. If a pre-published form is used, permission must be obtained from the individual with the right to publish.

IV. Ethics Committee Approval: Permission from the Ethics Committee/ Institutional Review Board is mandatory for all studies on human subjects. "Documents and information requested for studies requiring ethics committee permission" should be uploaded to the system. An ethics committee approval certificate should be uploaded to the system for scientific studies except for case reports/series and review articles. In the case of reports, an informative volunteer/consent form should be included in the article. In research that requires ethical committee approval; In the first paragraph of the Materials and Methods section; the institution, name of the ethics committee (date, decision number), and the statement that the study was carried out following the international declaration, guidelines, etc. In addition, in the case of reports, on one of the first/last pages of the article, information that the informed consent form was signed should be included. In which cases is ethical approval required? Click! Statistical tests, p-values and measures defining effect size (such as relative risk and odds ratio) should be included when presenting findings. Statistical terms, abbreviations, and symbols should be defined. The computer program used must be specified.

V. References: The number of references should be a maximum of 10 for the case report, 30 for the research articles, and no limit for the review articles. The following short descriptions contain information frequently referred to by the American Medical Association (AMA) resource format. Click for the style file. The references should be numbered according to the first pas sequence in the text, and the reference numbers should be listed in the references section in automatic numerical order. The references in the text should be added as a superscript with the Arabic number, as shown in the following examples at the end of the citation.

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a high risk of foot ulcers^.1-3
Several interventions have been held to increase compliance.^11,14-16
The data of Smith et al.¹⁸ is further evidence of this effect.
As reported previously,^1,3-6

Examples for References: Author names should be written in reverse order, and only initials of the first and middle names without spaces. Only the first word should be capitalised except in unique abbreviations in the article headings in the Welder. Abbreviations in Index Medicus should be used in journal titles. Page ranges should be written in full.

1. Journal articles (1-6 authors):

Islam MA, Alam F, Solayman M, Khalil MI, Kamal MA, Gan SH. Dietary phytochemicals: Natural swords combating inflammation and oxidation-mediated degenerative diseases. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:5137431. doi:10.1155/2016/5137431

2. Journal articles (more than six articles):

Geller AC, Venna S, Prout M, et al. Should the skin cancer examination be taught in medical school? Arch Dermatol. 2002;138(9):1201-1203.

3- Journal articles with DOI numbers:

If there is a page number: Fontanarosa P, Bauchner H. Conflict of interest and medical journals. JAMA. 2017;317(17):1768-1771. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4563

Suppose the article ID number/article number is available: Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, et al. Effects of COVID-19 home confinement on eating behaviour and physical activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 international online survey. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1583. doi:10.3390/nu12061583

If the page number is unavailable: As AK, Engin M, Türk T. Early-term results of early coronary artery bypass graft surgery in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention due to acute coronary syndrome. Eur Res J. 2020. doi:10.18621/eurj.593369

4. Journal articles that do not have an author or group name:

Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Licensure of a meningococcal conjugate vaccine (Menveo) and guidance for use-Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(9):273.

5. Book:

McKenzie BC. Medicine and the Internet: Introducing Online Resources and Terminology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1997.

6. Book section:

Guyton JL, Crockarell JR. Fractures of acetabulum and pelvis. In: Canale ST, ed. Campbell's Operative Orthopedics. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby, Inc; 2003:2939-2984.

7. Electronic book:

Rudolph CD, Rudolph AM. Rudolph's Pediatrics. 21st ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies; 2002. http://online.statref.com/Document/Document.aspx?DocID=1&StartDoc=1&EndDoc=1882&FxID=13&offset=7&SessionId=A3F279FQVVFXFSXQ. Accessed August 22, 2007.

8. Internet Document:

American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures 2003. http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/CAFF2003PWSecured.pdf. Accessed March 3, 2003.

9. Theses:

Yürümez Y. Organoprotective effects of interleukine-10 experimental organophosphate poisoning in rats. Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of First and Emergency, Master or Doctorate or Expertise or Specialist Thesis. Kayseri, Türkiye. 2003.

10. Scientific Congress Presentations:

Muslu A. Sustainable methods to increase the business motivation of generation Y. III. International Entrepreneurship, Employment, and Career Congress. October 12-15, 2017, Istanbul / Türkiye.

Technical information for images: Image representations include files containing colour or grey transitions or tones, such as a microscope, electron microscope, radiographic images, ECG, and EEG transcripts. There should be appropriate arrows, labels, and signs on the picture to explain the situation, while there should be no explanation.

Image resolution: Minimum 300 dpi/ppi resolution for 10 cm colour, black and white, or grayscale images. Image JPEG formats are accepted.

CHECKLIST

As part of the submission process, authors are asked to check compliance with all of the following clauses, and if they do not comply with these rules, submission files can be returned to the authors.

1. Title page

2. Cover Letter

3. Full-Text File

4. All authors signed the "COPYRIGHT TRANSFER FORM" (In pdf format). Please click b40f/6ea6/144b/6451822eb69b5.docx for the Copyright Transfer Form.

5. Ethics committee approval document (In pdf format).

6. Similarity Report (Plagiarism Report). https://www.turnitin.com/ or http://www.ithenticate.com/ etc., websites are valid.

7. Language certificate

Copyright Notice: Authors who publish their work in this journal have accepted the following terms:

a. The author retains the work's copyright and presents the first publication right. The result is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution license, allowing the author to be identified and shared by others, provided the initial release is made in this journal.

b. The author may make separate contractual arrangements to distribute the published version of the work without full authorisation (for example, sending or posting it in a book).

c. Promote the sharing of authors' works on the internet (e.g., in an institutional database or on their websites) before submitting the journal or during the shipment process; this can lead to both fruitful exchange of ideas and early and more referral to the work (see The Impact of Open Access).

Scientific and Ethical Responsibility: Scientific and Ethical Responsibility: The scientific responsibility of the articles belongs to the authors. All authors should actively participate in the study. For the manuscripts to be published in the journal, they should not have been published in another scientific journal or sent to another journal. If the submitted article has been presented before in any meeting, the name of the meeting, the date, and the city in which it is organised. The ethics committee must approve the research protocol on human and experimental animals of the institution concerned. Ethics permission information should be written in the Material and Method section. Please see Committee on Publication Ethics, ICMJE.

Evaluation Process: The articles submitted to the journal are evaluated in three stages. In the first stage, articles are assessed in terms of the journal publication standards, and the papers that do not comply with the writing rules of the journal are rejected. After the article is edited according to the writing rules of the journal, it can be uploaded to the journal with the same name again. The editorial board evaluates the article's content and method in the second stage. The papers completing the first two stages are sent to the journal referees for peer review. If needed, some questions can be asked to the authors to answer; or some defaults may have to be corrected by the authors. The result can be acceptance, minor revision, major revision, rejection in the current form, or rejection. Accepted manuscripts are forwarded for publication; in this stage, all information and data are checked and appropriately controlled; the proof of the article to be published by the journal is forwarded to the writers for proofreading and corrections. Ten days after minor revision, 20 days after major revision, and 30 days after needed to rewrite edit required. The editor rejects the article if the author does not participate in the process on time, the editor rejects the article.

Privacy Statement: This journal site's names and e-mail addresses will only be used for the purposes specified in this journal. But, it shall not be used for any other purpose or by other persons (See COPE).

Ethical Principles and Publication Policy

PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES:

It is important for journals to determine the principles to be followed during the preparation of an article, taking into account international standards, and to check compliance with these rules in the articles they will evaluate in order to raise the scientific publishing standards. The standards that must be followed during the preparation of an article to be sent to scientific journals and that are accepted and implemented by international medical journals are specified. Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi [Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS)] applies the principles of publication accepted by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) and World Association of Medical Editors. In addition, the Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences applies the publication principles determined by DergiPark under the roof of TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. All articles are Open Access and can be downloaded free of charge.

GENERAL INFORMATION: The journal publishes articles in Original Research, Reviews, Case Reports and Letters to the Editor. Before submitting an article for publication, it is essential to ensure that it has yet to be published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Suppose the paper contains any text, tables, pictures, or other elements that have been previously published. In that case, the author must obtain written permission from the copyright holder and authors and clearly state this in the article. Abstracts presented at scientific meetings are acceptable but must also be mentioned in the article. Authors are expected to follow the guidelines listed below.

1. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences is a free journal founded in 2016. Our journal is a national and international peer-reviewed journal published four times a year regularly in Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Clinical Nursing and Midwifery, Sports Sciences, and other fields related to human health since 2016. The editor, the editorial advisory board, and the referees evaluate all articles submitted for publication.

2. Original research papers, case reports, and reviews in English are published in our journal.

3. Only the original scientific research is included. It is sought that the information produced in the scientific study is new, proposes a new method, or has given a new dimension to the existing knowledge.

4. Articles submitted for publication are considered to be double-blind by at least externally peer-reviewed, and accept-decline decisions are taken by the editorial board. The Invited review manuscripts are limited to a few articles, and there will be no referee requirement. The invited review articles are published after the approval of the editor.

5. Studies mustn't be published in another journal or should not have been sent to any journal for publication. The corresponding author asks for a cover letter explaining this situation (Please see: Nature Research).

6. All responsibility for the studies belongs to the authors. Studies should be prepared following international scientific ethics rules. Where necessary, a copy of the ethics committee report must be added. See the Ethics Committee Approval Scheme Guidance Scheme for Human and Human Data Use and the Ethics Committee Approval Scheme Guidance Scheme for Animal Experiments. For Turkish: Click; For English: Click

7. Authors are responsible for compliance with international ethical principles such as fabrication, falsification, duplication, plagiarism, slicing, gift authorship, and ghost authorship. If such a situation is detected before or after the publication of any research, the article is withdrawn from the journal. Please click here: COPE.

8. Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS) is protected by copyright laws. The Copyright Agreement Form must be signed by all authors and added to the article submission documents. The journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. By signing this form authors agree that the article, if accepted for publication by the Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences, will be licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits third parties to copy, distribute, or reuse the content for non-commercial purposes by giving the appropriate credit to the author and original work. A signed copyright transfer form must be added to the system for the studies accepted for publication in our journal. Please click for the Copyright Transfer Form.

9. Studies submitted for publication in our journal must be prepared according to the journal's spelling rules. Please click https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/otjhs/writing-rules for the spelling rule.

10. The author should make changes 10 days after minor revision, 20 days after major revision, and 30 days after needed to rewrite or edit. If the author does not make the requested corrections in time, the editor writes a warning to the author. If there is a delay again, the manuscript is rejected.

A peer-reviewed journal publication requires the concerned parties' continued work, responsibility, obligation, and cooperation: Authors, Blind Reviewers, Editors, and Board Members. Editors are responsible for maintaining and monitoring ethics and keeping academic records.

ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES: Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences is a scientific journal based on high ethical and editorial standards and evaluated by reviewers. The editorial evaluation is based on suggestions of the COPE. Cope's recommendations for ethical duties, responsibilities and open access in this journal are considered. See COPE. There is no submission or publication fee for the submitted manuscript and the online Turkish Health Sciences Journal process. All accepted manuscripts are published, read, and downloaded free of charge. Poster/ oral presentations presented in scientific meetings related to the fields of health may be published as additional issues. For this reason, the Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences has adopted the ICMJE, BOAI, and DOAJ. All the Online Turkish Health Sciences Journal members and authors must be aware of the basic rules and recommendations guidelines set by COPE.

The permission from Ethics Committee/ Institutional Review Board is mandatory for all studies on human subjects. "Documents and information requested for studies requiring ethics committee permission" should be uploaded to the system. An ethics committee approval certificate should be uploaded to the system for scientific studies except for case reports/series and review articles. In the case of reports, an informative volunteer/consent form should be included in the article. In studies requiring ethical committee permission, information about the authorisation (board name, date, and number) should be included in the method section and on the article's first/last page. However, the "Declaration that the study has been carried out following the international declaration, guidelines, etc." description should be included in the Material and Method section.

PUBLICATION RIGHT: According to the 1976 Copyright Act, all publishing rights of articles accepted for publication belong to the institution that publishes the journal. The thoughts and suggestions in the articles are entirely the authors' responsibility. For each article, authors must fill out a "Publication Rights Transfer Form" provided by the journal and send it to the journal along with the article.

AUTHOR: The article is rejected when plagiarism, falsification, distortion, unfair authorship, etc., are detected. An article in the process cannot be sent to another journal or published. The author is responsible for uploading the documents and information requested for studies requiring ethics committee permission to the system. Our journal made it obligatory for the authors to define the ethics committee that approved the study. It also expects the authors of the submitted article to comply with the recognised standards below.

Declaration of Helsinki

US Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects

European Medicines Agency Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice

Scientific research should comply with the principles described in the Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, the well-known Helsinki Declaration, the US Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects, and the European Medicines Agency Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice, COPE, ICMJE. The international rules stated in the Helsinki Declaration and Horizon 2020 must be followed in experiments on humans and experimental animals.

The researches requiring the permission of the Ethics Committee are as follows:

1• All kinds of research conducted with qualitative or quantitative approaches require data collection from participants using surveys, interviews, focus group work, observation, experiment, and interview techniques.

2• Use of humans and animals (including material/data) for experimental or other scientific purposes,

3• Clinical research on humans,

4• Researches on animals,

5• Retrospective studies following the Law on Protection of Personal Data

Also;

1• In the case reports, it is stated that an "Informed consent form" has been taken,

2• Getting and expressing permission from the owners for the Use of scales, surveys, and photographs belonging to others,

3• Indication that copyright regulations are observed for the ideas and works of art used

SCIENTIFIC RESPONSIBILITY OF AUTHORS: Authors have a scientific responsibility to ensure the accuracy and validity of their research findings. This includes conducting experiments with proper controls, accurately reporting data, and acknowledging the contributions of others. It is also important to publish findings in reputable journals and to avoid plagiarism or other forms of academic misconduct. By upholding these standards, authors can contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge and maintain the integrity of the research community. Therefore, all authors who are listed on a submitted article must have made a direct academic or scientific contribution to the work. The designated author must have fulfilled all of the following criteria: (1) Planned or carried out the research described in the article, (2) Written or revised the article, and (3) Approved the final version of the article. Once the Discussion and Conclusion section of the article is completed, each author should clearly state their specific contributions to the research.

REVİEWER: Manuscripts submitted for publication are evaluated by at least two blind reviewers. The peer-review process involves receiving advice from the experts of the peers in the field on individual articles. The reviewers have no conflict of interest and keep the papers confidential. The editor reviews the reviewers' evaluation results, informing the author about the decision. The names of the reviewers are not notified to the authors. Referees cannot see the names of the authors. Developing short articles following the referees' recommendations is a general principle. An invitation is sent to the referee through the journal system. The referee accepts or rejects the invitation within seven days. If taken, the evaluation process is 15 days. If they cannot complete the evaluation within 15 days, additional time is given if they wish.

ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF REFEREES: Those who accepted to be a referee in a study sent to the Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences; It must take into account the ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) recommendations, COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) recommendations and the principles of the Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive regarding referees and comply with these principles.
Referees who agree to review a study submitted to the Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences undertake that they comply with the above-mentioned ethical principles.

Referees;
1. Since the review process is carried out based on double-blind review, they act following this principle. In this context, they do not try to contact the authors and other referees.
2. They submit their reviews and comments regarding the study to the journal editorship via the Evaluation Form.
3. They agree to examine and evaluate only studies related to their field of expertise.
4. They pay attention to the confidentiality of the studies they examine.
5. They conduct the review process impartially. They conduct the examination according to scientific criteria. As a result of an evaluation made according to impartial and scientific criteria, they make acceptance decisions for studies that they think will contribute to the field.
6. If they notice a conflict of interest or unity of interest, they notify the journal editor.
7. If they refuse to review, they notify the journal editor of their decision and the reason for the rejection.
8. If the referees detect any violation of academic principles and ethical values, national or international principles or standards in the works, they immediately inform the Board.
9. They complete the review of the studies within a reasonable time and submit the evaluation reports to the journal editor.
10. They do not include non-scientific comments and evaluations in the Evaluation Report.
11. Referees cannot discuss articles with third parties.

EDITOR: Journal Editors are committed to complying with all COPE Code of Conduct standards. Editors should not have a conflict of interest regarding the articles they accept or reject. Editors should only get papers that will contribute to the field. Manuscripts that do not reach the intended level and studies that are not considered scientifically sufficient are rejected by the editor, explaining the reasons. The editor should be interested in the subject of the article and continue the process. The editor may assign an assistant editor or a field editor to be involved in the process. These editor(s) appoint at least two referees and send invitations to these referees through the journal system. The referee accepts or rejects the invitation within seven days. If the referee agrees with the evaluation, the evaluation period is 15 days. If the review cannot be completed within 15 days, additional time may be given to the referees by the editor(s).

After the evaluation process of the reviewers is completed, the article can be accepted or rejected, taking into account the opinions of the reviewers. If reviewers make revision suggestions about the article, these suggestions are forwarded to the corresponding author and a reasonable time is given for revision (7, 15 or 30 days).

Accepted articles are put into publication order by the editor for publication.

EDITORS' ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES
1- Editors are responsible to their readers and should learn the needs and expectations of their readers.
2- They should create a system for decisions made after evaluating publications and their implementation.
3- They should try to ensure that the rights and guarantees of the subjects in the studies included in the journal are provided, international ethical rules are complied with, ethics committee approvals are obtained, and the informed consent form is signed.
4- They are responsible for the journal's content and the types of articles.
5- They should ensure that information, publication preparation and submission rules are determined for authors and announced to readers.
6- They must develop an appropriate process/procedure for evaluating articles without delay, accepting or rejecting them for publication and ensuring their continuity.
7- During the evaluation process of the article by reviewers, they must ensure the confidentiality of the study's content and the authors' names.
8- They should stand behind their decisions but not hesitate to reconsider them if necessary.
9- They should make efforts to increase the quality of not only the articles but also the research conducted.
10- They should publish guidelines for authorized evaluation and update them regularly.
11- They should be prepared to correct the mistakes made during the evaluation and printing stages of the article and, if necessary, issue an apology letter.
12- They must make decisions independently, without being influenced by any influence during the editorial evaluation process, and must provide assurance to the authors on this matter.
13- In cases of violation of publication ethics or scientific immorality, they should carry out all research to clarify the issue, if necessary, expand the investigation by taking the problem to higher academic authorities, and wait to publish the article until the issue is clarified. If the problem arose after the article was published and the author's guilt was proven. Editors should explain this fact in a letter from a higher academic institution and should only publish such articles using their initiative and conducting detailed research.
14- They should not have personal, economic or political connections that would affect their duties and responsibilities in any way,
15- They should make plans for the future of their journal and, if necessary, review the publication policy of the journal.
16- Editors must be absolutely independent in determining the content of the journal; They should know the publishing house's approach to advertisements, etc., and should not be under any pressure to keep scientific content completely separate from advertisements.
17- Research results can be presented to the media and the public with the approval of the journal editor after the article is accepted for publication in the journal. An article that is not accepted for publication is a premature work and cannot be reflected in the media.
18- Editors should determine how many issues their journal will publish per year, how long the evaluation process will take, the acceptance rate of articles sent to the journal, and inform their readers.

JOURNAL MANAGEMENT: Journal management consists of the Publisher, Editor-in-Chief, Editors and Layout Editor. The Journal teams will take the necessary steps to prevent the publication of articles identified as abusive, as stated above on the author's part. Under no circumstances should the journal team or editors promote or allow such abuses. If the publisher or editor of the journal is informed of the alleged misconduct in any investigation, the publisher or editor will handle the claims accordingly.

The journal managers will allow the withdrawal or correction of articles if necessary. The journal is willing to publish corrections, explanations, and apologies if necessary.

The journal managers follow the publication order of the accepted articles, obtain the DOI number of the articles, complete the layout editing and publish the article.

Price Policy

Submitting an article to the journal, processing and publication are free of charge. The journal is an open-access journal, and articles can be read and downloaded free of charge.

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Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi [Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS)] is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

This is an open-access journal distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC 4.0). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 3/11/24

Research article

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Letter to the Editor

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Aim & Scope

Writing Rules

Ethical Principles and Publication Policy

Price Policy