Analyze of Leaf Springs with Parametric Finite Element Analysis and Artificial Neural Network

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 827 - 842, 01.06.2022

Serdinç Yavuz , M. Tolga Özkan

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.1074516

Abstract

Leaf spring especially used in heavy vehicles. Leaf spring provide to increase the strength of heavy vehicles chassis and some components, absorb the shock loading due to some road condition and absorb the vibration. Because of these features, leaf springs are most used suspension element for the heavy vehicles. For this purpose, parametric rectangular cross sectional leaf spring design was obtained. For leaf spring design, FEA models of different variations were created and analyzed primarily between 1-10 layers using ANSYS software. The leaf spring layers and their dimensions were taken in varying ways according to the manufacturer's catalog. The effect of the number of leaf spring layers on element resistance and deformation was also simulated by changes in stresses. The number of layers between 1-10 and spring models of different section sizes were modeled parametrically in the ANSYS program and different variations were created by applying different load sizes. Mesh optimization of the model was performed in ANSYS software and all variations were solved. An Artificial Neural Networks Model was developed using stress-strain values depending on the design type and loading conditions obtained. Thus, depending on the number of layers, section measurement sizes and loading sizes, the spring constant (K), stress-strain values were estimated with high precision. Using the ANN model developed, the designer has put in place an approach that can be achieved quickly, easily and at a minimized design costs.

Keywords

Heavy vehicles, suspension, conventional leaf spring, artificial neural networks

Yaprak Yayların Parametrik Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi ve Yapay Sinir Ağı ile Modellenmesi

Abstract

Yaprak yaylar özellikle büyük yüklemeler altında, yükler karşısında oluşan titreşimleri minimize etmek için kullanılırlar. Özellikle ağır vasıta araçlarda yüklemelerden dolayı ağır vasıta aracın; gelen yüklemeler karşısındaki dayanımını ve titreşimi azaltmak için en fazla kullanılan makine elemanlarıdır. Bu amaçla parametrik olarak dikdörtgen kesitli yaprak tasarımı yapılmıştır. Yaprak yay tasarımı için öncelikle yay katman sayısı 1-10 katman arasında ve boyutları üretici firma kataloğuna göre değişken biçimde alınarak farklı varyasyonların FEA modelleri oluşturulmuş ve analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yaprak yay katman sayısının eleman direngenliğine ve deformasyonuna etkisi bunun yanında gerilmelerdeki değişimler simülasyon edilmiştir. 1-10 arasındaki katman sayısı ve farklı kesit ölçülerindeki yay modelleri ANSYS ortamında parametrik olarak modellenmiş ve farklı yük büyükleri uygulanarak değişik varyasyonlar oluşturulmuştur. ANSYS yazılımında modelin mesh optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiş ve tüm varyasyonlar çözdürülmüştür. Elde edilen tasarım tipi ve yükleme şartlarına bağlı gerilme- gerinim değerleri kullanılarak bir Yapay Sinir Ağı Modeli geliştirilmiştir. Böylelikle katman sayısı, kesit ölçü büyüklükleri ve yükleme büyüklüklerine bağlı olarak yay sabiti (k), gerilme-gerinim değerleri yüksek hassasiyetle tahmin edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Tasarımcı, geliştirilen YSA modelini kullanarak Yay tasarımı hızlı, kolay ve minimum maliyetle elde edebileceği bir yaklaşım konulmuştur. 

Keywords

Ağır vasıta araçları, süspansiyon, konvansiyonel yaprak yay, yapay sinir ağları

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