Türkiye coğrafi konumu (jeolojik ve topoğrafik yapısı) ve
iklim özellikleriyle tipik bir afet ülkesidir. Eski çağlardan bu yana deprem
başta olmak üzere heyelan, sel, kaya ve çığ düşmesi gibi sık yaşanan doğal
afetler can ve mal kayıplarına sebep olmaktadır. İdare afet öncesinde afetten
doğacak zararı önlemeye yönelik gerekli tedbirleri almak ile yükümlüdür. Ancak
idarenin afetzedelere yardım yapılması, barınak sağlanması, sağlık hizmetleri
verilmesi gibi afet sonrasına ilişkin görevleri de bulunmaktadır. Afet öncesi
ve sonrasına yönelik hizmetlerin “hiç işlememesi”, “geç işlemesi” ya da “kötü
işlemesi” halinde idarenin kusurlu sorumluluğu doğmakta ve idare ortaya çıkan
zararı tazminle yükümlü olmaktadır.
Turkey is a typical natural disaster country because of
geographical location (geological and topographical structure) and climate.
Natural disasters like earthquakes, landslides, floods, rocks and avalanches
have caused life and property losses since ancient times. Administration is
obliged to take necessary precautions to prevent occurrence damage before the
disaster. Administration also has post-disaster duties such as providing
assistance to victims, providing shelter, and providing health services.
Liability of Administration arises in case of service fault before and after
natural disaster. Administration is obliged to compensate this damage.
In this article,
firstly the concept of "disaster" is explained. Then, the legal
meaning of the disaster was tried to be determined and the relationship between
disaster and liability of administration is stated. "Öneryıldız /
Turkey", "Budayev and Others / Russia", "Kolyadenko and
Others / Russia" decisions of European Court of Human Rights are
associated with the liability of administration damage caused by natural
disasters. We had tried to draw the limit of
administrative liability by taking in consideration these decisions.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | July 30, 2018 |
Submission Date | June 4, 2018 |
Acceptance Date | July 13, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 |