ÇIKAR BAĞLILIĞININ ÖRGÜT YARARINA ETİK OLMAYAN DAVRANIŞLAR ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: STATÜ ARZUSU VE LİDER-ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİNİN ROLÜ
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 15 Sayı: 30, 343 - 366, 27.12.2025
Ertan Dinç
,
Nihan Birincioğlu
Öz
Bu çalışmada çıkar bağlılığının örgüt yararına etik olmayan davranışlara etkisinde statü arzusu (makyavelizm) ve lider-üye etkileşiminin etkileşmiş aracı etkisinin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın teorik altyapısı, sosyal mübadele kuramına dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak nicel araştırma yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. Çevrim içi anket formları aracılığıyla elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 programı kullanılarak bilgisayar ortamına aktarılmış ve verilerin analizinde SmartPLS 4 programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, çalışma yaşamında pazarlama ve satış faaliyetinde bulunan bireylerin liderleriyle olan etkileşimleri, çıkar bağlılığı ve örgüt yararına etik olmayan davranışlar arasındaki dolaylı ilişkiyi negatif olarak etkilemiş ve bu etkileşmiş aracı etkiye statü arzusunun aracılık ettiği ortaya koyulmuştur.
Kaynakça
-
Allen, Natalie J. & Meyer, John P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organisation, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 19‐31.
-
Aybek, G. & Karakaş, H. (2022). Use The Silver Bullet on The Right Beast: A Guide on Usage of PLS-SEM in Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), 10(2), 327-336.
-
Balay, Refik (2000). Yönetici ve Öğretmenlerde Örgütsel Bağlılık, Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
-
Baş, T., Keskin, N. & Mert, İ. S. (2010). Lider Üye Etkileşimi (LÜE) Modeli ve Ölçme Aracının Türkçe'de Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Analizi, Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 10(3), 1013-1039.
-
Blau, P.M. (1964). Justice in Social Exchange, Sociological Inquiry, 34, 193-206.
-
Castille, C.M., Buckner, J.E. & Thoroughgood, C.N. (2018). Prosocial Without A Moral Compass? Examining The Relationship Between Machiavellianism And Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior, Journal of Business Ethics, 149, 919– 930.
-
Chen, Y., Tang, C., & Wei, W. (2024). Under Pressure: LMX Drives Employee Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior via Threat Appraisals, J Bus Ethics 195, 799–812. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05534-6
-
Chin, W. W. (1998). Commentary: Issues And Opinion On Structural Equation Modeling, MIS Quarterly, 22(1).
-
Cohen, J. E. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc
-
Coşkun, A., & Ülgen, B. (2017). Örgüt Yararına Ahlaki Olmayan Davranış, İs Ahlakı Dergisi, 10(2), 177-201.
-
Cullinan, C., Bline, D. M., Farrar, R., & Lowe, D. J. (2008). Organization-harm vs. organization-gain ethical issues: An exploratory examination of the effects of organizational commitment, Journal of Business Ethics, 80(2), 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9414-0
-
da Valle, P. O., & Assaker, G. (2016). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling in tourism research: A review of past research and recommendations for future applications, Journal of Travel Research, 55(6), 695-708. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515569779
-
Dahling, J. J., Whitaker, B. G., & Levy, P. E. (2009). The development and validation of a new machiavellenism scale, Journal of Management, 35(2), 219-57.
-
Dansereau, F., Graen, G., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13(1), 46-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(75)90005-7
-
Doğan, S., & Karataş, H. (2011). İş etiği ve örgütlerde etik davranışların önemi, Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 15(22), 1-15.
-
Doğan, Ş. (2009). Muhasebe skandalları ve işletmelerin finansal performansı üzerindeki etkileri, Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 43, 183-198.
-
Ebrahimi, N. &Yurtkoru, E. S. (2017). The Relationship Getween Affective Commitment and Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior: The Role of Moral Disengagement, Research Journal of Gusiness and Management (RJGM), 4(3), 287-295.
-
Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social Exchange Theory, Annual Review of Sociology, 2(7), 335–362.
-
Ergün, H. & Çelik, K. (2019). Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği Türkçe Uyarlaması, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (34), 113-121.
-
Etzioni, A. (1969). Modern Örgütler, Güzel İstanbul Matbaası, Ankara.
-
Fehr, R., Welsh, D., Yam, K., Baer, M., Wei, W., & Vaulont, M. (2019). The role of moral decoupling in the causes and consequences of unethical pro-organizational behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OBHDP.2019.05.007.
-
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
-
Gardner W., & Avolio B. (1995). Charismatic leadership: the role of impression managemen, Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, August 6–9, 1995; Vancouver, BC.
-
Gerstner, C., & Day, D. (1997). Meta-Analytic Review of Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Correlates and Construct Issues, Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 827-844. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.6.827.
-
Greenbaum, R. L., Hill, A., Mawritz, M. B., & Quade, M. J. (2014). Employee Machiavellianism to Unethical Behavior: The Role of Abusive Supervision as a Trait Activator, Journal of Management, 43(2), 585-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314535434
-
Gürer, A., & Çiftçi, G. E. (2018). The relation between machiavellianism, organizational commitment and ethical leadership: a field research on academicians in Turkey, Journal of Business Research, 10(2), 570-597.
-
Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B. & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research, Industrial Management ve Data Systems, 117(3), 442-458.
-
Hayes, A. F. (2015). An Index And Test Of Linear Moderated Mediation, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1-22.
-
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS Path Modeling In New Technology Research: Updated Guidelines, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20.
-
Hornung, S. (2010). Alienation Matters: Validity and Utility of Etzioni’s Theory of Commitment in Explaining Prosocial Organizational Behavior, Social Behavior and Personality, 38(8), 1081-1096.
-
Jiang, W. & Xie, Y. (2024). How Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior Links to Actors’ and Observers’ Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis, Sage Open. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271278.
-
Kara, D. (2009). Makyavelizm ve iş etiği: Yönetimde amaca ulaşmak için her yol mübah mı? Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 27(2), 435-451.
-
Karadal, E. & Akyazı, S. (2015). Örgüt Yararına Etik Olmayan Davranışların Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Makyavelizm ve Ahlaki Uzaklaşma ile İlişkisi, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(3), 409-426.
-
Kelebek, E. & Alniacik, E. (2022). Effects of Leader-Member Exchange, Organizational Identification and Leadership Communication on Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior: A Study on Bank Employees in Turkey, Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031055.
-
Kish-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work, Journal Of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 1.
-
Koçak, D. (2022). Leader-member exchange and unethical pro-organizational behavior, Ekonomski vjesnik. https://doi.org/10.51680/ev.35.2.6.
-
Lee, K. (2023). Leader-Member Exchange, Supervisor Identification, and Unethical Pro-Supervisor Behavior: The Mediating Role of Supervisor Identification, SAGE Open, 13. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231198621.
-
Liao, E., & Hui, C. (2019). A resource-based perspective on leader-member exchange: An updated meta-analysis, Asia Pacific Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-018-9594-8.
-
Liden, R.C. & Maslyn, J.M. (1998). Multidimensionality of Leader-Member Exchange: An Empirical Assessment Through Scale Development, Journal of Management, 24(1): 43- 72.
-
Limayem, M., & Cheung, C. M. (2008). Understanding Information Systems Continuance: The Case Of Internet-Based Learning Technologies, Information and Management, 45(4), 227–232.
-
Machiavelli N. (1994). Prens, çev. Nazım Güvenç, İstanbul: Anahtar Kitaplar Yayınevi.
-
Matherne, Curtis F. III & Shanan R. Litchfield (2012). Investigating The Relationship Getween Affective Commitment And Unethical Pro- Organizational Behaviors: The Role Of Moral İdentity, Journal of Leadership Accountability and Ethics, 9(5), 35-46.
-
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20-52.
-
Neuman, W. L. (2014). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches.
-
Omilion-Hodges, L., & Baker, C. (2017). Communicating Leader-Member Relationship Quality, International Journal of Business Communication, 54, 115- 145. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329488416687052.
-
Özler D., Atalay C. & Şahin M. (2010). Örgütlerde sinizm güvensizlikle mi bulaşır?, Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi ,2(2), 47-57.
Paulhus D. L., & Williams K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy, Journal Of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563.
-
Porter, L.W., Steers, R.M., Mowday, R.T. & Boulian, P.V. (1974). Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover among Psychiatric Technicians, Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(5): 603.
-
Robinson, S. L., & Greenberg, J. (1998). Employees behaving badly: Dimensions, determinants, and dilemmas in the study of workplace deviance, Trends in organizational behavior, 5, 1–30.
-
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2017). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Homburg, C.; Klarmann, M. ve Vomberg A. (Eds.), Handbook of Market Research, Heidelberg: Springer.
-
Sarwar, Z. & Song, Z. (2023). Machiavellianism and affective commitment as predictors of unethical pro-organization behavior: exploring the moderating role of moral disengagement, Kybernetes, 54(3), 1601-1623. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-06-2023-0998
-
Sendjaya S., Pekerti A., Härtel C., Hirst G. & Butarbutar I. (2016). Are authentic leaders always moral? The role of Machiavellianism in the relationship between authentic leadership and morality, J. Bus. Ethics, 133, 125–139.
-
Shafer W. E., & Lucianetti L. (2018). Machiavellianism, stakeholder orientation, and support for sustainability reporting, Bus. Ethics, 27, 272–285.
-
Sungur, S. A. (2017). Siyasal Bilgiler Öğrencilerinin Makyavelist Eğilimlerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16 (63), 1361-1370.
-
Şahin, A., Dilek, S., & Korkmaz, M. (2010). Makyavelist kişilik özellikleri ve etik algılar: Üniversite öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(19), 37-52.
-
Tenenhaus, M., Amato, S. & Esposito Vinzi, V. (2004). A global goodness-
of-fit index for PLS structural equation modelling, In Proceedings of the XLII SIS scientific meeting, 1(2), 739-742.
-
Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 500.
-
Tibbles, D. (2008). Machiavellianism and organizational behavior: Ethical considerations in leadership and influence. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(3), 385-396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9592-z
-
Trevino, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (1996). Managing Business Ethics: Straight Talk About How To Do It Right, New York: John Wiley ve Sons.
-
Tüzen M. (2018). Hiyerarşik Varlık Zincirinden Modern Bireyin Doğuşuna, Mavi Atlas, 6(3): 107-125.
-
Umphress, E. E., & Bingham, J. B. (2010). Unethical pro-organizational behavior: Construct development and initial validation, Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(1), 51-84. https://doi.org/10.5840/beq20102014
-
Umphress, Elizabeth E. & John G. Bingham (2011). When Employees Do Gad Things For Good Reasons: Examining Unethical Pro-Organizational Behaviors, Organization Science, 22, 621–640.
-
Ülbeği, İ. D. (2016). Makyavelizm Ölçeğinin Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Çalışması, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25(2), 89-100.
-
Üzüm, B., Kayış, A. R., & Ataman, G. (2018). Makyavelizm ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(2), 140-155. https://doi.org/10.20491/isader.2018.392
-
Wang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhou, H., & Zhang, J. (2020). The negative effects and underlying mechanisms of unethical pro-organizational behavior, Advances in Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.01246.
-
Wilson D., Near D. & Miller R. (1996). Machiavellianism: a synthesis of the evolutionary and psychological literatures, Psychol, Bull.
-
Xue, Y., & Zan, Y. (2012). Unethical organizational behavior: Causes and consequences. Journal of Business Ethics, 110(3), 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1151-y
-
Yukl, G., & Lepsinger, R. (1995). How to Get the Most Out of 360'Feedback, Training-New York Then Mınneapolis, 32, 45-51.
THE EFFECT OF CALCULATIVE COMMITMENT ON UNETHICAL PRO-ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR: THE ROLE OF DESIRE FOR STATUS AND LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 15 Sayı: 30, 343 - 366, 27.12.2025
Ertan Dinç
,
Nihan Birincioğlu
Öz
The purpose of this study is to identify the interactive mediating effect of status desire (makyavelism) and leader-member exchange on the effect of calculative commitment on unethical pro-organizational behaviour. The theoretical background of the study is based on social exchange theory. In accordance with the purpose of this study, quantitative research method was used. The data obtained through online questionnaire forms were transferred to the computer environment using SPSS 22 program and SmartPLS 4 program was used to analyze the data. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the data. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that the interaction of individuals engaged in marketing and sales activities with their leaders negatively affected the indirect relationship between calculative commitment and unethical pro-organizational behaviour, and this mediating effect was mediated by the desire for status.
Kaynakça
-
Allen, Natalie J. & Meyer, John P. (1990). The Measurement and Antecedents of Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organisation, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 19‐31.
-
Aybek, G. & Karakaş, H. (2022). Use The Silver Bullet on The Right Beast: A Guide on Usage of PLS-SEM in Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), 10(2), 327-336.
-
Balay, Refik (2000). Yönetici ve Öğretmenlerde Örgütsel Bağlılık, Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
-
Baş, T., Keskin, N. & Mert, İ. S. (2010). Lider Üye Etkileşimi (LÜE) Modeli ve Ölçme Aracının Türkçe'de Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Analizi, Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 10(3), 1013-1039.
-
Blau, P.M. (1964). Justice in Social Exchange, Sociological Inquiry, 34, 193-206.
-
Castille, C.M., Buckner, J.E. & Thoroughgood, C.N. (2018). Prosocial Without A Moral Compass? Examining The Relationship Between Machiavellianism And Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior, Journal of Business Ethics, 149, 919– 930.
-
Chen, Y., Tang, C., & Wei, W. (2024). Under Pressure: LMX Drives Employee Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior via Threat Appraisals, J Bus Ethics 195, 799–812. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05534-6
-
Chin, W. W. (1998). Commentary: Issues And Opinion On Structural Equation Modeling, MIS Quarterly, 22(1).
-
Cohen, J. E. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc
-
Coşkun, A., & Ülgen, B. (2017). Örgüt Yararına Ahlaki Olmayan Davranış, İs Ahlakı Dergisi, 10(2), 177-201.
-
Cullinan, C., Bline, D. M., Farrar, R., & Lowe, D. J. (2008). Organization-harm vs. organization-gain ethical issues: An exploratory examination of the effects of organizational commitment, Journal of Business Ethics, 80(2), 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9414-0
-
da Valle, P. O., & Assaker, G. (2016). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling in tourism research: A review of past research and recommendations for future applications, Journal of Travel Research, 55(6), 695-708. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515569779
-
Dahling, J. J., Whitaker, B. G., & Levy, P. E. (2009). The development and validation of a new machiavellenism scale, Journal of Management, 35(2), 219-57.
-
Dansereau, F., Graen, G., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13(1), 46-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(75)90005-7
-
Doğan, S., & Karataş, H. (2011). İş etiği ve örgütlerde etik davranışların önemi, Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 15(22), 1-15.
-
Doğan, Ş. (2009). Muhasebe skandalları ve işletmelerin finansal performansı üzerindeki etkileri, Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 43, 183-198.
-
Ebrahimi, N. &Yurtkoru, E. S. (2017). The Relationship Getween Affective Commitment and Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior: The Role of Moral Disengagement, Research Journal of Gusiness and Management (RJGM), 4(3), 287-295.
-
Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social Exchange Theory, Annual Review of Sociology, 2(7), 335–362.
-
Ergün, H. & Çelik, K. (2019). Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği Türkçe Uyarlaması, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (34), 113-121.
-
Etzioni, A. (1969). Modern Örgütler, Güzel İstanbul Matbaası, Ankara.
-
Fehr, R., Welsh, D., Yam, K., Baer, M., Wei, W., & Vaulont, M. (2019). The role of moral decoupling in the causes and consequences of unethical pro-organizational behavior, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.OBHDP.2019.05.007.
-
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
-
Gardner W., & Avolio B. (1995). Charismatic leadership: the role of impression managemen, Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management, August 6–9, 1995; Vancouver, BC.
-
Gerstner, C., & Day, D. (1997). Meta-Analytic Review of Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Correlates and Construct Issues, Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 827-844. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.6.827.
-
Greenbaum, R. L., Hill, A., Mawritz, M. B., & Quade, M. J. (2014). Employee Machiavellianism to Unethical Behavior: The Role of Abusive Supervision as a Trait Activator, Journal of Management, 43(2), 585-609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314535434
-
Gürer, A., & Çiftçi, G. E. (2018). The relation between machiavellianism, organizational commitment and ethical leadership: a field research on academicians in Turkey, Journal of Business Research, 10(2), 570-597.
-
Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B. & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research, Industrial Management ve Data Systems, 117(3), 442-458.
-
Hayes, A. F. (2015). An Index And Test Of Linear Moderated Mediation, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1-22.
-
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS Path Modeling In New Technology Research: Updated Guidelines, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20.
-
Hornung, S. (2010). Alienation Matters: Validity and Utility of Etzioni’s Theory of Commitment in Explaining Prosocial Organizational Behavior, Social Behavior and Personality, 38(8), 1081-1096.
-
Jiang, W. & Xie, Y. (2024). How Unethical Pro-organizational Behavior Links to Actors’ and Observers’ Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis, Sage Open. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271278.
-
Kara, D. (2009). Makyavelizm ve iş etiği: Yönetimde amaca ulaşmak için her yol mübah mı? Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 27(2), 435-451.
-
Karadal, E. & Akyazı, S. (2015). Örgüt Yararına Etik Olmayan Davranışların Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Makyavelizm ve Ahlaki Uzaklaşma ile İlişkisi, Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(3), 409-426.
-
Kelebek, E. & Alniacik, E. (2022). Effects of Leader-Member Exchange, Organizational Identification and Leadership Communication on Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior: A Study on Bank Employees in Turkey, Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031055.
-
Kish-Gephart, J. J., Harrison, D. A., & Treviño, L. K. (2010). Bad apples, bad cases, and bad barrels: meta-analytic evidence about sources of unethical decisions at work, Journal Of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 1.
-
Koçak, D. (2022). Leader-member exchange and unethical pro-organizational behavior, Ekonomski vjesnik. https://doi.org/10.51680/ev.35.2.6.
-
Lee, K. (2023). Leader-Member Exchange, Supervisor Identification, and Unethical Pro-Supervisor Behavior: The Mediating Role of Supervisor Identification, SAGE Open, 13. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231198621.
-
Liao, E., & Hui, C. (2019). A resource-based perspective on leader-member exchange: An updated meta-analysis, Asia Pacific Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-018-9594-8.
-
Liden, R.C. & Maslyn, J.M. (1998). Multidimensionality of Leader-Member Exchange: An Empirical Assessment Through Scale Development, Journal of Management, 24(1): 43- 72.
-
Limayem, M., & Cheung, C. M. (2008). Understanding Information Systems Continuance: The Case Of Internet-Based Learning Technologies, Information and Management, 45(4), 227–232.
-
Machiavelli N. (1994). Prens, çev. Nazım Güvenç, İstanbul: Anahtar Kitaplar Yayınevi.
-
Matherne, Curtis F. III & Shanan R. Litchfield (2012). Investigating The Relationship Getween Affective Commitment And Unethical Pro- Organizational Behaviors: The Role Of Moral İdentity, Journal of Leadership Accountability and Ethics, 9(5), 35-46.
-
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20-52.
-
Neuman, W. L. (2014). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches.
-
Omilion-Hodges, L., & Baker, C. (2017). Communicating Leader-Member Relationship Quality, International Journal of Business Communication, 54, 115- 145. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329488416687052.
-
Özler D., Atalay C. & Şahin M. (2010). Örgütlerde sinizm güvensizlikle mi bulaşır?, Organizasyon ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi ,2(2), 47-57.
Paulhus D. L., & Williams K. M. (2002). The dark triad of personality: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy, Journal Of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563.
-
Porter, L.W., Steers, R.M., Mowday, R.T. & Boulian, P.V. (1974). Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover among Psychiatric Technicians, Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(5): 603.
-
Robinson, S. L., & Greenberg, J. (1998). Employees behaving badly: Dimensions, determinants, and dilemmas in the study of workplace deviance, Trends in organizational behavior, 5, 1–30.
-
Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Hair, J. F. (2017). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Homburg, C.; Klarmann, M. ve Vomberg A. (Eds.), Handbook of Market Research, Heidelberg: Springer.
-
Sarwar, Z. & Song, Z. (2023). Machiavellianism and affective commitment as predictors of unethical pro-organization behavior: exploring the moderating role of moral disengagement, Kybernetes, 54(3), 1601-1623. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-06-2023-0998
-
Sendjaya S., Pekerti A., Härtel C., Hirst G. & Butarbutar I. (2016). Are authentic leaders always moral? The role of Machiavellianism in the relationship between authentic leadership and morality, J. Bus. Ethics, 133, 125–139.
-
Shafer W. E., & Lucianetti L. (2018). Machiavellianism, stakeholder orientation, and support for sustainability reporting, Bus. Ethics, 27, 272–285.
-
Sungur, S. A. (2017). Siyasal Bilgiler Öğrencilerinin Makyavelist Eğilimlerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16 (63), 1361-1370.
-
Şahin, A., Dilek, S., & Korkmaz, M. (2010). Makyavelist kişilik özellikleri ve etik algılar: Üniversite öğrencileri üzerine bir araştırma, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 12(19), 37-52.
-
Tenenhaus, M., Amato, S. & Esposito Vinzi, V. (2004). A global goodness-
of-fit index for PLS structural equation modelling, In Proceedings of the XLII SIS scientific meeting, 1(2), 739-742.
-
Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 500.
-
Tibbles, D. (2008). Machiavellianism and organizational behavior: Ethical considerations in leadership and influence. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(3), 385-396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9592-z
-
Trevino, L. K., & Nelson, K. A. (1996). Managing Business Ethics: Straight Talk About How To Do It Right, New York: John Wiley ve Sons.
-
Tüzen M. (2018). Hiyerarşik Varlık Zincirinden Modern Bireyin Doğuşuna, Mavi Atlas, 6(3): 107-125.
-
Umphress, E. E., & Bingham, J. B. (2010). Unethical pro-organizational behavior: Construct development and initial validation, Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(1), 51-84. https://doi.org/10.5840/beq20102014
-
Umphress, Elizabeth E. & John G. Bingham (2011). When Employees Do Gad Things For Good Reasons: Examining Unethical Pro-Organizational Behaviors, Organization Science, 22, 621–640.
-
Ülbeği, İ. D. (2016). Makyavelizm Ölçeğinin Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Çalışması, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25(2), 89-100.
-
Üzüm, B., Kayış, A. R., & Ataman, G. (2018). Makyavelizm ve iş tatmini arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(2), 140-155. https://doi.org/10.20491/isader.2018.392
-
Wang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhou, H., & Zhang, J. (2020). The negative effects and underlying mechanisms of unethical pro-organizational behavior, Advances in Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.01246.
-
Wilson D., Near D. & Miller R. (1996). Machiavellianism: a synthesis of the evolutionary and psychological literatures, Psychol, Bull.
-
Xue, Y., & Zan, Y. (2012). Unethical organizational behavior: Causes and consequences. Journal of Business Ethics, 110(3), 255-267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1151-y
-
Yukl, G., & Lepsinger, R. (1995). How to Get the Most Out of 360'Feedback, Training-New York Then Mınneapolis, 32, 45-51.