SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMA 2030 GÜNDEMİ BAĞLAMINDA ÇALIŞMA HAYATINDA CİNSİYETE DAYALI AYRIMCILIK

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 13, 7 - 36, 10.07.2017

Güven Murat

Öz

Günümüzde cinsiyet eşitliği ve kadınların güçlendirilmesine yönelik ilerleme kaydedilmekle beraber, dünyanın her bölgesinde kadınlar ve kız çocukları ayrımcılık ve şiddete maruz kalmaya devam etmektedir. Kadın ve erkek eşitsizliğinin ve ayrımcılığının en bariz şekilde görüldüğü alanlardan biri de çalışma hayatıdır. İşgücüne katılma oranlarında ve istihdamda cinsiyete dayalı açıklar hala önemini korumaktadır. Kadınlar hala yüksek işsizlik seviyeleriyle karşılaşmaktadır. Kadınlar informel istihdamda geçici ve düşük nitelikli işlerde çalışmaktadır. Erkekler ve kadınlar arasında sektörel ve mesleki ayrımcılık sürmektedir. Ayrıca, kadınlar erkeklere göre daha düşük ücret almaktadır. İşgücü piyasasındaki bu olumsuzluklar kadınların sosyal korumaya (özellikle analık ve yaşlılık yardımlarına) erişiminde de kendini göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye’de kadınların çalışma hayatındaki istihdam, işsizlik, çalışma şartları ve ücretler açısından konumları ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca, çalışmada mevcut eğilimler bağlamında Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü (ILO)’nün Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma İçin İnsana Yaraşır İş 2030 Gündemi’nde yer alan tüm kadınları güçlendirme ve cinsiyet eşitliğini sağlama hedefinin gerçekleştirilebilirliği tartışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cinsiyet Eşitliği, 2030 Gündemi, Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma, Çalışma Hayatı.

GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN WORKING LIFE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2030 AGENDA

Öz

Even though much progress has been achieved to provide gender equality and strengthen women, women have still been exposed to discrimination and violence all around the world. One of the most explicit fields in which gender discrimination has been encountered is working life. Shortcomings based on gender are still maintaining their importance in labor force participation percentages and employment. Women still experience high levels of unemployment. Women work in temporary and lowquality jobs in informal employment. There is still a sectoral and vocational discrimination between men and women. Besides, when compared to men, women are paid less. These negative factors in labor market reveal themselves in women's access to social protection (especially in maternal and old age assistance). In this study, the position of women in working life in European Union and Turkey in terms of employment, unemployment, working conditions and wages is going to be presented. Moreover, the feasibility of the objective to strengthen all women and provide gender equality, which is also given in Decent Work for Sustainable Development 2030 Agenda of International Labor Organization will be discussed in this study within the context of current tendencies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gender Equality, 2030 Agenda, Sustainable Development, Working Life

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