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Ai Khanoum-Ay Hanım

Year 2019, Issue: 41, 445 - 456, 19.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.586686

Abstract

Afganistan’nın kuzeydoğusunda yer alan Ai Khanoum kentinin erken tarihi
hakkındaki bilgiler oldukça sınırlıdır. Büyük İskender’in Pers İmparatorluğu hâkimiyetine
son vermesiyle doğunun kapıları Greklere açıldı. Bu seferler sonrasında doğunun
zenginliklerine sahip olmak isteyen Grekler, Orta Asya’ya göç etmeye başladı.
Grek yayılım alanı içerisinde Ai Khanoum, Hellenistik Dönem’de önemli bir
yerleşim merkezi haline geldi. İskender’in ani ölümden sonra Orta Asya’ya hâkim
olan Seleukos Krallığı döneminde ise Ai Khanoum’da Grek kültüründe ve stilinde
yoğun imar faaliyetleri gerçekleştirildi. Seleukos Krallığı’nın, Orta Asya’da
hâkimiyetinin sarsılmasıyla Greco-Bactrian Krallığı kuruldu. Greco-Bactrian
Krallığı döneminde ise Ai Khanoum kraliyet merkezi haline geldi. Yakın zamana
kadar Greklerin doğudaki etkileri birkaç edebi ve nümizmatik kaynakla
açıklanıyordu; fakat son otuz yılda Orta Asya’da yapılan arkeolojik
araştırmalar sonucunda önemli bilgilere ulaşıldı. Bu çalışmada Ai Khanoum
kentinin; tarihi, kent planı ve mimari yapıları incelenmiştir.

References

  • Bernard, P. (1970). Campagne de fouilles 1969 a Ai Khanoum en Afghanistan. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l’Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 114, 300-349.
  • Bernard, P. (1971). La campagne de fouilles de 1970 a Ai Khanoum. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l’Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 115, 385-453.
  • Bernard, P. (1974). Un problème de toponymie antique dans l'asie centrale: les noms anciens de qandahar. Studia Iranica, 3, 171-185.
  • Bernard, P. (1978a). Les mines de lapis lazuli du Badakhshan. Etudes de Geographie Historique Sur la Plaine d’Ai Khanoum-Afghanistan, 49–51.
  • Bernard, P. (1978b). Le nom de la ville grecque du tepe Ai Khanoum. Etudes de Geographie Historique Sur la Plaine d’Ai Khanoum-Afghanistan, 3–16.
  • Bernard, P. (1978c). Campagne de fouilles 1976–1977 a Ai Khanoum (Afghanistan). Academie des İnscriptions & Belles Letters CRAI, 421–463.
  • Bernard, P. (1980). Campagne de fouille 1978 a Ai Khanoum (Afghanistan). Bulletin de l’École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 68, 1–103.
  • Bernard, P. (1994). Un parchemin greco-bactrien d'une collection priee. Comptes-Rendus de l'Académie des İnscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 261, 2-55.
  • Capdetrey, L. (2007). Le pouvoir séleucide. Territoire, Administration, Finances D’un Royaume Hellenistique. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes.
  • Francfort, H.-P. (1984). Fouilles d’Ai Khanoum, ııı: le sanctuaire du temple a niches indentees 2. Les Trouvailles, 106, 75-146.
  • Hoo, M. (2015). Maanvrouwe aan de oxus: baktrisch Ai Khanum als casus voor globalisering in de oudheid. TMA, 27, 34-39.
  • Lyonnet, B. (2012).Questions on the date of the hellenistic pottery from Central Asia (Ai Khanoum, Marakanda and Koktepe). An International Journal of Comparative Studies in History and Archaeology, 18, 143–173.
  • Mairs, R. (2013). The temple with ındented niches at Ai Khanoum: ethnic and civic identity in Hellenistic Bactria. Cults Creeds and Contests, 129, 86-105.
  • Mairs, R. (2014). The founder’s shrine and the foundation of Ai Khanoum. Foundation Myths in Ancient Societies. Dialogue and Discourses, 26, 103-128.
  • Mansel, A. M. (1999). Ege ve Yunan tarihi. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Martinez-Seve, L. (2012). Les grecs d’extrême orient: communautés grecques d’asie centrale et d’ıran. Les Diasporas Grecques Du VIIIe à la fin du IIIe Siècle. Actes du Colloque de la Sophau. 11-12 Mayıs 2012. Paris: Universite de Lille, 367-391.
  • Martinez-Seve, L. (2013). Donnees historiques in: g. lecuyot, fouilles d’aï khanoum. L’Habitat, IX, 213–220.
  • Martinez-Seve, L. (2014). The Spatial Organization of Ai Khanoum, a Greek City in Afghanistan. American Journal of Archaeology, 118, 267-283.
  • Rapin, C. (1992). Greeks in Afghanistan: Ai Khanoum. In J.-P. Descceudres (Ed.), Greek Colonists and Native Populations (pp. 330-340). Oxford: Humanıtes Research Centre.

Ai Khanoum-Lady Moon

Year 2019, Issue: 41, 445 - 456, 19.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.586686

Abstract

Central Asia was one of the lands that Alexander the Great conquered and
then, the intensive Greek migration began to the area. Greek culture spread
rapidly in Central Asia after this migration. Until recently, the effects of
Greeks in East was limited to a few literary and numismatic sources. However,
over the last three decades important information has been reached with
archaeological researches carried out in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tajikistan,
Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Ai Khanoum, founded and shaped in the Hellenistic
period is both one of the most famous Greek colonies in Central Asia and is a
significant center of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom. In this study, Ai Khanoum
city’s history, urban planning and construction are analyzed.

References

  • Bernard, P. (1970). Campagne de fouilles 1969 a Ai Khanoum en Afghanistan. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l’Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 114, 300-349.
  • Bernard, P. (1971). La campagne de fouilles de 1970 a Ai Khanoum. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l’Academie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 115, 385-453.
  • Bernard, P. (1974). Un problème de toponymie antique dans l'asie centrale: les noms anciens de qandahar. Studia Iranica, 3, 171-185.
  • Bernard, P. (1978a). Les mines de lapis lazuli du Badakhshan. Etudes de Geographie Historique Sur la Plaine d’Ai Khanoum-Afghanistan, 49–51.
  • Bernard, P. (1978b). Le nom de la ville grecque du tepe Ai Khanoum. Etudes de Geographie Historique Sur la Plaine d’Ai Khanoum-Afghanistan, 3–16.
  • Bernard, P. (1978c). Campagne de fouilles 1976–1977 a Ai Khanoum (Afghanistan). Academie des İnscriptions & Belles Letters CRAI, 421–463.
  • Bernard, P. (1980). Campagne de fouille 1978 a Ai Khanoum (Afghanistan). Bulletin de l’École Française d’Extrême-Orient, 68, 1–103.
  • Bernard, P. (1994). Un parchemin greco-bactrien d'une collection priee. Comptes-Rendus de l'Académie des İnscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 261, 2-55.
  • Capdetrey, L. (2007). Le pouvoir séleucide. Territoire, Administration, Finances D’un Royaume Hellenistique. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes.
  • Francfort, H.-P. (1984). Fouilles d’Ai Khanoum, ııı: le sanctuaire du temple a niches indentees 2. Les Trouvailles, 106, 75-146.
  • Hoo, M. (2015). Maanvrouwe aan de oxus: baktrisch Ai Khanum als casus voor globalisering in de oudheid. TMA, 27, 34-39.
  • Lyonnet, B. (2012).Questions on the date of the hellenistic pottery from Central Asia (Ai Khanoum, Marakanda and Koktepe). An International Journal of Comparative Studies in History and Archaeology, 18, 143–173.
  • Mairs, R. (2013). The temple with ındented niches at Ai Khanoum: ethnic and civic identity in Hellenistic Bactria. Cults Creeds and Contests, 129, 86-105.
  • Mairs, R. (2014). The founder’s shrine and the foundation of Ai Khanoum. Foundation Myths in Ancient Societies. Dialogue and Discourses, 26, 103-128.
  • Mansel, A. M. (1999). Ege ve Yunan tarihi. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Martinez-Seve, L. (2012). Les grecs d’extrême orient: communautés grecques d’asie centrale et d’ıran. Les Diasporas Grecques Du VIIIe à la fin du IIIe Siècle. Actes du Colloque de la Sophau. 11-12 Mayıs 2012. Paris: Universite de Lille, 367-391.
  • Martinez-Seve, L. (2013). Donnees historiques in: g. lecuyot, fouilles d’aï khanoum. L’Habitat, IX, 213–220.
  • Martinez-Seve, L. (2014). The Spatial Organization of Ai Khanoum, a Greek City in Afghanistan. American Journal of Archaeology, 118, 267-283.
  • Rapin, C. (1992). Greeks in Afghanistan: Ai Khanoum. In J.-P. Descceudres (Ed.), Greek Colonists and Native Populations (pp. 330-340). Oxford: Humanıtes Research Centre.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özlem Albayrak This is me

Publication Date June 19, 2019
Submission Date January 23, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 41

Cite

APA Albayrak, Ö. (2019). Ai Khanoum-Ay Hanım. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(41), 445-456. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.586686

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