Realist Güvenlik Anlayışının Yol Haritası: Offshore Dengeleme Çerçevesinde ABD’nin Afganistan’dan Çekilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 88 - 103, 30.04.2022

Kürşat Kan , Gizem Dede

https://doi.org/10.29249/selcuksbmyd.1061248

Abstract

Realist paradigmanın uluslararası ilişkilere dair varsayımları, politika, hukuk ve iktidar alanlarını etkilemiştir. Özellikle güvenlik ve özelinde devletin güvenlik alanlarında doktriner çalışmalar yapan realist teorisyenler, insan doğasının kötülüğü, iktidar mücadeleleri ve diğer pesimistik sistem açmazlarının okumalarını güvenlik üzerinden yapmışlardır. Sistemde zıttına aşina olduğumuz güvenlik, güvensizliğin içerisinden çıkmak çabasını da içermektedir. Moral konular üzerinden ziyade, güç, çıkar, anarşi üzerinden güvenlik nosyonunu irdeleyen realizm, rasyonel bir uluslararası politika bağlamında uluslararası ilişkiler sisteminin teorik kaygılarının zeminine oturmuş bu sayede de pratikte kendisine çalışma alanı bulmuştur. ABD’nin Afganistan’dan çıkışı realist güvenlik anlayışı çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada realist bir argüman olan offshore dengeleme üzerinden ABD’nin Afganistan’dan çekilmesi değerlendirilecektir.

Keywords

Realizm, Uluslararası Güvenlik, ABD, Afganistan, Offshore Dengeleme

Roadmap of Realist Security Approach: US Withdrawal from Afghanistan in the Framework of Offshore Balancing

Abstract

The assumptions of the realist paradigm on international relations have affected the fields of politics, law, and power. Realist theorists, who have done doctrinal studies especially in the fields of security and the security of the state, have made the readings of the evil of human nature, power struggles and other pessimistic system dilemmas in terms of security. Security, the opposite of which we are familiar with in the system, includes the effort to get out of insecurity. Realism, which examines the notion of security not over moral issues, but through power, interest, and anarchy, has settled on the ground of the theoretical concerns of the international relations system in the context of a rational international policy, thus finding a field of study for itself in practice. The exit of the USA from Afghanistan has been evaluated within the framework of realist security understanding. Within this backdrop, this study will evaluate the withdrawal of the USA from Afghanistan through offshore balancing, which is a realistic argument from the perspective of realism.

Keywords

Realism, International Security, USA, Afghanistan, Offshore Balancing

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