ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN AFET ALGI DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİĞİLMESİ: ÖRNEK BİR UYGULAMA ÇALIŞMASI

Abstract

Afetler, öngörülmesi zor ve çeşitli şekillerde ortaya çıkan, çoğu zaman tahribat gücü yüksek önemli doğal-doğal olmayan olaylardır. Deprem, taşkın, kuraklık, büyük endüstri-yel kazalar, kıtlık, teknolojik kazalar, salgınlar vb. geçmişten günümüze insanoğlunun maruz kaldığı büyük afet türlerinden yalnızca birkaçıdır. Son yıllarda gerek Türkiye’de (Düzce-deprem, 1999; Giresun-Dereli-sel-taşkın, 2020; Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık-deprem, 2023) gerekse dünyanın diğer birçok bölgesinde (Sumatra-tsunami, 2004; Ekvador-deprem, 2016; ABD-hortum-fırtına, 2023) çeşitli afet olayları yaşanmaktadır. Afetlerin etkisi çoğu zaman bir bölge ile sınırlı kalmayıp geniş bir alana yayılım gösterebilmektedir. Nitekim afet öncesinde alınabilecek çeşitli tedbirler sayesinde bu tahribatın etkisi bir nok-tada azaltılabilir. Örneğin bölgesel risklerin tespit edilmesi, erken uyarı sistemleri, kriz yöne-timi, acil eylem planları, vb. bu tedbirler kapsamında değerlendirilebilir. Bir diğer önemli husus ise toplumun afet farkındalık düzeylerinin artırılmasıdır. Özellikle afet risk haritası çıkarılmış bölgelerde bu tür farkındalık artırma çalışmaları yapılarak toplumun afet karşısında göstereceği tepki daha kontrollü ve bilinçli hale getirilebilir. Bahsi geçen hususlar bu çalışmanın ana hedefini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi merkez kampüs öğrencilerinin afet farkındalık düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmış bir çalışmadır. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler SPPS 25 istatistik programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada afet risk al-gısını ölçmeye yönelik 5’li Likert kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, frekans analizi testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Mann Whitney U testi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda %5 anlam düzeyinde (p<0,05) analiz edilmiş olup tablolarda aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve birey sayısı yüzdesi şeklinde belirtilmiştir. Buna göre non-parametrik Mann Whitney-U testi sonucun-da, gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Öğrencilerin afet risk algısı alt boyutu puanlarının cinsiyet değişkenine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belir-lemek üzere yapılan non-parametrik Mann Whitney-U testi sonucunda gruplar arasında afete maruz kalan grup lehine istatistiksel açıdan p<0,05 düzeyinde anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmıştır.

Keywords

• Afet
• Afet bilinci
• Acil durum
• Deprem

Evaluation of Disaster Perception Levels of University Students: A Sample Application Study

Abstract

Disasters are important events that are difficult to predict and occur in various ways, often with high destructive power. Earthquakes, floods, droughts, major industrial accidents, famine, technological accidents, epidemics, etc. are only a few of the major types of disas-ters that mankind has been exposed to from past to present. In recent years, natural and unnatural disaster events have been observed both in Turkey (Düzce-earthquake, 1999; Giresun-Dereli-flood-flood, 2020; Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık-earthquake, 2023) and in many other parts of the world (Sumatra-tsunami, 2004; Ecuador-earthquake, 2016; USA-hurricane-storm, 2023). The impact of disasters is often not limited to one region but can spread over a wide area. As a matter of fact, the impact of this destruction can be reduced at some point thanks to various measures that can be taken before the disaster. For exam-ple, identification of regional risks, early warning systems, crisis management, emergency action plans, etc. can be considered within the scope of these measures. Another important issue is to increase the level of disaster awareness of the society. Especially in regions where disaster risk maps have been prepared, such awareness raising activities can be carried out to make the reaction of the society against disasters more controlled and conscious. The aforementioned issues constitute the main objective of this study. This study was conducted to evaluate the disaster awareness levels of Gümüşhane Univer-sity central campus students. The data obtained in the study were analyzed using SPPS 25 statistical program. In the study, a 5-point Likert scale was used to measure disaster risk perception. In the study, frequency analysis test, Kruskal Wallis test and Mann Whitney U test were performed. As a result of the analysis, it was analyzed at 5% level of significance (p<0.05) and it is stated in the tables as arithmetic mean, standard deviation and percent-age of the number of individuals. Accordingly, as a result of the non-parametric Mann Whitney-U test, no significant difference was found between the groups. As a result of the non-parametric Mann Whitney-U test conducted to determine whether the disaster risk perception sub-dimension scores of the students differed significantly according to the gender variable, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups at the p<0.05 level in favor of the group exposed to disaster.

Keywords

• Disaster
• Disaster awareness
• Emergency
• Earthquake

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