Research Article

Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience

Volume: 9 Number: 2 November 30, 2025
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Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience

Abstract

This study adapts the Player Types Scale for Gamification to the middle school level and examines its measurement invariance across the variables such as gender and technology device ownership. The study sample consists of 773 middle school students including 423 girls, 346 boys, and 4 participants who did not specify their gender. During the adaptation process, permission was initially acquired from the researchers who developed the instru-ment. In the next step, expert opinions from 10 different specialists, including one Turkish language expert, were collected. A pilot application was conducted with 10 students, revea-ling an average completion time of 20 minutes. Following the pilot application, the instru-ment was administered to 773 middle school students. For reliability, internal consistency coefficients α and ω were calculated for the entire scale. The factor structure was exami-ned using CFA. Analysis results indicated that fit indices exceeded acceptable levels. Mea-surement invariance analyses were conducted via MGCFA for gender and technology ownership variables. Results demonstrated that the scale achieved scalar invariance for both variables, but strict invariance was not supported by any of them.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK

Project Number

122K479

Ethical Statement

Decision No. 09 of the Gaziantep University Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee, adopted at Meeting No. 10 on 05 September 2022, no ethical non-compliance was identified in conducting this study, and permission to carry out the study was granted.

Thanks

This study is an output of the project No. 122K479, supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) under the ARDEB 1001 (SOBAG) program. We gratefully acknowledge TÜBİTAK’s support.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Other Fields of Education (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

November 27, 2025

Publication Date

November 30, 2025

Submission Date

August 28, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 29, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 2

APA
Dinçer, B., Yıldırım, İ., & Melen, T. (2025). Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), 1324-1350. https://doi.org/10.30561/sinopusd.1773498
AMA
1.Dinçer B, Yıldırım İ, Melen T. Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2025;9(2):1324-1350. doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1773498
Chicago
Dinçer, Büşra, İbrahim Yıldırım, and Tuğberk Melen. 2025. “Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience”. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 9 (2): 1324-50. https://doi.org/10.30561/sinopusd.1773498.
EndNote
Dinçer B, Yıldırım İ, Melen T (November 1, 2025) Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 9 2 1324–1350.
IEEE
[1]B. Dinçer, İ. Yıldırım, and T. Melen, “Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience”, Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 1324–1350, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.30561/sinopusd.1773498.
ISNAD
Dinçer, Büşra - Yıldırım, İbrahim - Melen, Tuğberk. “Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience”. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 9/2 (November 1, 2025): 1324-1350. https://doi.org/10.30561/sinopusd.1773498.
JAMA
1.Dinçer B, Yıldırım İ, Melen T. Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2025;9:1324–1350.
MLA
Dinçer, Büşra, et al. “Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience”. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, Nov. 2025, pp. 1324-50, doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1773498.
Vancouver
1.Büşra Dinçer, İbrahim Yıldırım, Tuğberk Melen. Adaptation of the Middle Scholl Form of the Player Types Scale for Gamification and Evidence of Measurement Invarience. Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2025 Nov. 1;9(2):1324-50. doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1773498