Research Article
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What Science Teachers Notice: The Impact of an Online Graduate Program on Middle School Science Teachers’ Noticing

Year 2022, , 136 - 148, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.55290/steam.1030868

Abstract

What teachers notice is important because it can impact their curricular decisions. As teachers acquire experience over time, they are more able to notice and interpret critical facets of effective science instruction. This qualitative study shares how a two-year online master’s degree program impacted what middle school science teachers noticed during observations of a video of instruction. Constant comparative method was used to generate categories of what teachers noticed at the start of the two-year program, after the first year, and at the end of the two-year program. The results were categorized as; (1) context, (2) classroom management, (3) students, and (4) teacher. Data analysis found that, in general, what teachers noticed did not change over the two-year period. For teachers with six or more years of experience, they noticed more regarding student-centered instruction and lesson format (inquiry) over time.

Supporting Institution

University of Houston

Project Number

Greater Texas Foundation

References

  • American Association for the Advancement of Science [AAAS]. (1993). Benchmarks for scientific literacy. Oxford University Press.
  • Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18, 32–42.
  • Collins, A. (1999). The changing infrastructure of education research. In E. C. Lagemann, & L. S. Shulman (Eds.), Issues in Education Research: Problems and Possibilities (pp. 289–298). Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Crawford, B. (2007). Learning to reach science as inquiry in the rough and tumble of practice. Journal of Research in Science Education, 44(4), 613-642.
  • Crotty, M. (1998). The foundations of social research: Meaning and perspective in the research process. Sage Publications
  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine De Gruyter.
  • Glaser, R., & Chi, M. T. H. (1988). Overview. In M. T. H. Chi, R. Glaser, & M. J. Farr (Eds.), The Nature of Expertise (pp. xv–xxvii). Erlbaum.
  • Haverly, C., Calabrese Barton, A., Schwarz, C. V., & Braaten, M. (2020). “Making space”: How novice teachers create opportunities for equitable sense-making in elementary science. Journal of Teacher Education, 71(1), 63-79.
  • Kaiser, G., Busse, A., Hoth, J., Koenig, J., & Bloemeke, S. (2015). About the complexities of video-based assessments: Theoretical and methodological approaches to overcoming shortcomings of research on teachers' competence. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 13, 369-387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-015-9616-7
  • Kersting, N. (2008). Using video clips of mathematics classroom instruction as item prompts to measure teachers' knowledge of teaching mathematics. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 68(5), 845-861.
  • Koenig, J., Bloemeke, S., Klein, P., Suhl, U., Busse, A., & Kaiser, G. (2014). Is teachers' general pedagogical knowledge a premise for noticing and interpreting classroom situations? A video-based assessment. Teaching and Teacher Education, 38(3), 76-88.
  • Lee, M. M., Chauvot, J. B., Vowell, J., Culpepper, S. M., & Plankis, B. J. (2013). Stepping into iSMART: Understanding science-mathematics integration for middle school science and mathematics teachers. School Science and Mathematics, 113(4), 159-169.
  • Leinhardt, G., Putnam, R. T., Stein, M., & Baxter, J. (1991). Where subject knowledge matters. In P. Peterson, E. Fennema, & T. Carpenter (Eds.), Advances in Research on Teaching (pp. 87–113). JAI Press Inc.
  • Luna, M. J. (2018). What does it mean to notice my students’ ideas in science today?: An investigation of elementary teachers’ practice of noticing their students’ thinking in science. Cognition and Instruction, 36(4), 297-329.
  • Luna, M. J., Selmer, S. J., & Rye, J. A. (2018). Teachers’ noticing of students’ thinking in science through classroom artifacts: In what ways are science and engineering practices evident?. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 29(2), 148-172.
  • National Research Council [NRC]. (1996). National science education standards. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. NGSS Lead States. (2013). Next generation science standards: For states, by states. Washington DC: National Academy Press.
  • Pajares, M.F. (1992). Teachers’ beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of Educational Research 62(3), 307-332.
  • Ramsey, G. A., & Howe, R. W. (1969). An analysis of research on instructional procedures in secondary school science, part 1 – outcomes of instruction. The Science Teacher, 36(3), 62-70.
  • Richardson, V. (1996). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teacher Education (2nd ed., pp. 102–119). Macmillan.
  • Schwichow, M., Anna Hellmann, K., & Mikelskis-Seifert, S. (2022). Pre-service Teachers’ Perception of Competence, Social Relatedness, and Autonomy in a Flipped Classroom: Effects on
  • Learning to Notice Student Preconceptions. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 33(3), 282-302.
  • Sherin, M. G. (2004). New perspectives on the role of a video in teacher education. Advances in Research on Teaching, 10, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3687(03)10001-6
  • Sherin, M. G., & Han, S. (2004). Teacher learning in the context of a video club. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20, 163–183.
  • Sherin, M. G., Jacobs, V. R., & Philipp, R. (2011). Mathematics teacher noticing: Seeing through teachers' eyes. Routledge.
  • Sherin, M. G., & van E, E. A. (2005). Using video to support teachers’ ability to notice classroom interactions. Journal of Technology and Teacher education, 13(3), 475-491.
  • Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Sage Publications. van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2002). Learning to notice: Scaffolding new teachers' interpretations of classroom interactions. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 104(4), 571-596.
  • van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2021). Expanding on prior conceptualizations of teacher noticing. ZDM–Mathematics Education, 53(1), 17-27.
  • van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2008). Mathematics teachers learning to notice in the context of a video club. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(2), 244-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2006.11.005
  • Wiens, P. D., Hessberg, K., LoCasale-Crouch, J., & DeCoster, J. (2013). Using a standardized video-based assessment in a university teacher education program to examine preservice teachers’ knowledge related to effective teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 33, 24-33.
Year 2022, , 136 - 148, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.55290/steam.1030868

Abstract

Project Number

Greater Texas Foundation

References

  • American Association for the Advancement of Science [AAAS]. (1993). Benchmarks for scientific literacy. Oxford University Press.
  • Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18, 32–42.
  • Collins, A. (1999). The changing infrastructure of education research. In E. C. Lagemann, & L. S. Shulman (Eds.), Issues in Education Research: Problems and Possibilities (pp. 289–298). Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Crawford, B. (2007). Learning to reach science as inquiry in the rough and tumble of practice. Journal of Research in Science Education, 44(4), 613-642.
  • Crotty, M. (1998). The foundations of social research: Meaning and perspective in the research process. Sage Publications
  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine De Gruyter.
  • Glaser, R., & Chi, M. T. H. (1988). Overview. In M. T. H. Chi, R. Glaser, & M. J. Farr (Eds.), The Nature of Expertise (pp. xv–xxvii). Erlbaum.
  • Haverly, C., Calabrese Barton, A., Schwarz, C. V., & Braaten, M. (2020). “Making space”: How novice teachers create opportunities for equitable sense-making in elementary science. Journal of Teacher Education, 71(1), 63-79.
  • Kaiser, G., Busse, A., Hoth, J., Koenig, J., & Bloemeke, S. (2015). About the complexities of video-based assessments: Theoretical and methodological approaches to overcoming shortcomings of research on teachers' competence. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 13, 369-387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-015-9616-7
  • Kersting, N. (2008). Using video clips of mathematics classroom instruction as item prompts to measure teachers' knowledge of teaching mathematics. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 68(5), 845-861.
  • Koenig, J., Bloemeke, S., Klein, P., Suhl, U., Busse, A., & Kaiser, G. (2014). Is teachers' general pedagogical knowledge a premise for noticing and interpreting classroom situations? A video-based assessment. Teaching and Teacher Education, 38(3), 76-88.
  • Lee, M. M., Chauvot, J. B., Vowell, J., Culpepper, S. M., & Plankis, B. J. (2013). Stepping into iSMART: Understanding science-mathematics integration for middle school science and mathematics teachers. School Science and Mathematics, 113(4), 159-169.
  • Leinhardt, G., Putnam, R. T., Stein, M., & Baxter, J. (1991). Where subject knowledge matters. In P. Peterson, E. Fennema, & T. Carpenter (Eds.), Advances in Research on Teaching (pp. 87–113). JAI Press Inc.
  • Luna, M. J. (2018). What does it mean to notice my students’ ideas in science today?: An investigation of elementary teachers’ practice of noticing their students’ thinking in science. Cognition and Instruction, 36(4), 297-329.
  • Luna, M. J., Selmer, S. J., & Rye, J. A. (2018). Teachers’ noticing of students’ thinking in science through classroom artifacts: In what ways are science and engineering practices evident?. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 29(2), 148-172.
  • National Research Council [NRC]. (1996). National science education standards. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. NGSS Lead States. (2013). Next generation science standards: For states, by states. Washington DC: National Academy Press.
  • Pajares, M.F. (1992). Teachers’ beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of Educational Research 62(3), 307-332.
  • Ramsey, G. A., & Howe, R. W. (1969). An analysis of research on instructional procedures in secondary school science, part 1 – outcomes of instruction. The Science Teacher, 36(3), 62-70.
  • Richardson, V. (1996). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teacher Education (2nd ed., pp. 102–119). Macmillan.
  • Schwichow, M., Anna Hellmann, K., & Mikelskis-Seifert, S. (2022). Pre-service Teachers’ Perception of Competence, Social Relatedness, and Autonomy in a Flipped Classroom: Effects on
  • Learning to Notice Student Preconceptions. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 33(3), 282-302.
  • Sherin, M. G. (2004). New perspectives on the role of a video in teacher education. Advances in Research on Teaching, 10, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3687(03)10001-6
  • Sherin, M. G., & Han, S. (2004). Teacher learning in the context of a video club. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20, 163–183.
  • Sherin, M. G., Jacobs, V. R., & Philipp, R. (2011). Mathematics teacher noticing: Seeing through teachers' eyes. Routledge.
  • Sherin, M. G., & van E, E. A. (2005). Using video to support teachers’ ability to notice classroom interactions. Journal of Technology and Teacher education, 13(3), 475-491.
  • Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Sage Publications. van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2002). Learning to notice: Scaffolding new teachers' interpretations of classroom interactions. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 104(4), 571-596.
  • van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2021). Expanding on prior conceptualizations of teacher noticing. ZDM–Mathematics Education, 53(1), 17-27.
  • van Es, E. A., & Sherin, M. G. (2008). Mathematics teachers learning to notice in the context of a video club. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(2), 244-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2006.11.005
  • Wiens, P. D., Hessberg, K., LoCasale-Crouch, J., & DeCoster, J. (2013). Using a standardized video-based assessment in a university teacher education program to examine preservice teachers’ knowledge related to effective teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 33, 24-33.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sissy Wong 0000-0002-4729-6799

Jennifer Donze This is me 0000-0002-0984-9022

Project Number Greater Texas Foundation
Publication Date July 1, 2022
Submission Date December 2, 2021
Acceptance Date May 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Wong, S., & Donze, J. (2022). What Science Teachers Notice: The Impact of an Online Graduate Program on Middle School Science Teachers’ Noticing. Journal of STEAM Education, 5(2), 136-148. https://doi.org/10.55290/steam.1030868

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