Research Article

Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students

Volume: 14 Number: 1 June 30, 2026
TR EN

Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students

Abstract

This paper aims to design a tool to measure time management skills of high school students. A survey model research design was adopted. Data were gathered from 1029 high school students by applying convenience sampling method. EFA results identified a structure comprising four primary factors. The four-factor scale with 17 items explained 50.03% of the total variance. The structure consisting of 17 items and four dimensions (Scheduling, Pursuing the Schedule, Effective Usage of Time, and Procrastination) was confirmed through first- and second-level confirmatory factor analyses. The first-level CFA indicated that all of the paths related to the 17 items were found to be statistically significant at the .001 level. Fit index values for second-level confirmatory factor analysis were between good and perfect values. The overall scale demonstrated strong internal consistency, yielding an alpha coefficient of .80. Correlation analysis showed that sub-factors were positively related, with values falling within the .299 to .515 range. The multi-group CFA results showed that metric and scalar invariance were clearly achieved, and strict invariance was practically achieved at the 10th, 11th, and 12th grade levels. The model demonstrated excellent fit, as evidenced by both SRMR and RMSEA scores falling under the .05 threshold.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study was ethically reviewed by the “Siirt University Publication Ethics Committee” and was approved ethically with the Date of Ethics Evaluation Document: 05.11.2021; Issue Number of Ethics Evaluation Document: 1526. Participants provided written informed consent prior to participation.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Specialist Studies in Education (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 30, 2026

Submission Date

March 2, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 24, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 14 Number: 1

APA
Oran, E., Pesen, A., & Üzüm, B. (2026). Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(1), 133-155. https://doi.org/10.53586/susbid.1901439
AMA
1.Oran E, Pesen A, Üzüm B. Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026;14(1):133-155. doi:10.53586/susbid.1901439
Chicago
Oran, Esra, Ata Pesen, and Burhan Üzüm. 2026. “Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students”. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 14 (1): 133-55. https://doi.org/10.53586/susbid.1901439.
EndNote
Oran E, Pesen A, Üzüm B (June 1, 2026) Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 14 1 133–155.
IEEE
[1]E. Oran, A. Pesen, and B. Üzüm, “Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students”, Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 133–155, June 2026, doi: 10.53586/susbid.1901439.
ISNAD
Oran, Esra - Pesen, Ata - Üzüm, Burhan. “Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students”. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 14/1 (June 1, 2026): 133-155. https://doi.org/10.53586/susbid.1901439.
JAMA
1.Oran E, Pesen A, Üzüm B. Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026;14:133–155.
MLA
Oran, Esra, et al. “Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students”. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 133-55, doi:10.53586/susbid.1901439.
Vancouver
1.Esra Oran, Ata Pesen, Burhan Üzüm. Development of Time Management Skills Scale for High School Students. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2026 Jun. 1;14(1):133-55. doi:10.53586/susbid.1901439