SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK

Ali İbrahim Akkutay; International Civil Aviation

The Context of the Cyber Attacks Against Civil Aviation: Applicable Rules of International Law, Jurisdiction and Responsibility

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 32, 151 - 196, 01.10.2017

Ali İbrahim Akkutay International Civil Aviation

Öz

Internationally wrongful acts conducted against aircrafts and airports are subject to the international civil aviation. These kinds of actions are not only threatening the flights and airports but they are also dangering the lives and properties of the individuals. From thevery beginning of the 1960s international society has been struggling with these wrongful acts. Nevertheless the achievements aimed in the international conventions related to the issue have not been succeeded by the state practices.The international wrongful acts against civil aviation constitutes certain types of international offences. On the other hand cyber attacks generate a huge problem as their context has not been composed by the international law.Cyber attacks including some common features with the physical offences denote a new kind of offence against civil aviation. Hence the concept of cyber attacks against civil avaition, the state which has the jurisdiction and the responsibility because of these offences require to be determined. It is a necessity to conclude a new convention on the offences against civil aviation including the cyber attacks and to constitute a new international organization related to that convention

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Air Law

Kaynakça

KİTAPLAR VE MAKALELER
ABDURRASYID, H. Priyatna, “Growth and Development of Air and Space Law”, Indonesian Journal of International Law, Vol. 8 (1), 2010, s. 59 – 81.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “Cyber Terrorism and Aviaiton: A Constructive Look at the Work of ICAO”, Air and Space Law, Vol. 41(1), 2016, s. 25 – 39.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “Cyber Terrorism and Aviation – National and International Responses”, Journal of Transportation Security, Vol. 4(4), 2011, s. 337 – 349.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “The Beijing Convention of 2010 on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Avaiation – An Interpretive Study”, Journal of Transportation Security, Vol. 4(2), 2011, s. 131 – 143. (2011/a)
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “Civil Unrest and Airport and Aviation Security”, Journal of Transportation Security, Vol. 4 (4), 2011, s. 285 – 294. (2011/b)
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, Aviation Security Law, Springer/Heidelberg/ Dodrecht: Springer, 2010.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “The Role of Civil Aviation in Securing Peace”, International Journal on World Peace, Vol. 19(2), 2002, s. 53 – 81.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa I. R., “Terror in the Skies: Approaches to Controlling Unlawful Interference with Civil Aviation”, International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, Vol. 11(2), 1997, s. 245 – 282.
AKİPEK, Ömer İlhan, Hava Sahasının Devletler Hukuku Bakımından Durumu, Ankara: Güzel Sanatlar Matbaası, 1959.
ARAFAH, Andy Riadhy, “Evolution of Terrorism Act Against Civil Aircraft”, Indonesian Journal of International Law, Vol. 11(2), 2014, s. 177 – 189.
BİLSEL, Cemil, Milletlerarası Hava Hukuku Cilt I, İstanbul: İsmail Akgün Matbaası, 1948.
BOYLE, Robert P. and PULSIFER, Roy, “The Tokyo Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft”, Journal of Air Law and Commerce, Vol. 30(4), 1964, s. 305 – 354.
BUSUTTIL, James J., “The Bonn Declaration on International Terrorism: A Non-Binding International Agreement on Aircraft Hijacking”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 31, 1982, s. 474 – 487.
CHENG, Bin, “Aviation, Criminal Jurisdiction and Terrorism: The Hague
Extradition/Prosecution Formula and Attacks at Airports”, in Contemporary
Problems of International Law: Essays in Honour of Georg Schwarzenberger
on his Eightieth Birthday, Eds. Bin CHENG and E. D. BROWN, London: Stephen
and Sons Limited, 1988, s. 25 – 52.
CHENG, Bin, The Law of International Air Transport, London/New York
Stevens & Sons Limited, 1962.
DE LEON, Pablo Mendes, “The Role of International Law in Safeguarding
Aviation Security”, World Bulletin: Bulletin of the International Studies of
Philippines, Vol. 14 (1-2), 1998, s. 81 – 92.
DEMPSEY, Paul Stephen, Public International Air Law, Montreal: McGill
University Publish, 2008.
DEMPSEY, Paul Stephen, “Compliance and Enforcement in International Law
Achieving Global Uniformity in Aviation Safety”, North Carolina Journal of
International Law and Commercial Regulation, Vol. 30(1), 2004, s. 1 – 73.
DEMPSEY, Paul Stephen, “Aviation Security: The Role of Law in the War
Against Terrorism”, Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 41, 2003, s. 649 – 733.
DICKERSON, Thomas A., “A Post September 11th Perspective on Airline and
Aİrport Security, Ethnic Profiling, Unruly Passengers, Overzealous Attendants
and Disabled Passengers”, International Travel Law Journal, 2003(3), s. 148 – 156.
DIEDERIKS-VERSCHOOR, I. H. Ph., An Introduction to Air Law, Revised by
Pablo DE LEON, Ninth Revised Edition, Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law
International, 2012.
EVANS, Alona, “Aircraft Hijacking: Its Cause and Cure”, American Journal of
International Law, Vol. 63(4), 1969, s. 695 – 710.
FIORITA, Dionigi M., “Aviation Security: International Response”, Albany Law
Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 3, 1993, s. 267 – 313.
FITZGERALD, Gerald F., “Aviation Terrorism and the International Civil
Aviation Organization”, The Canadian Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 25, 1987, s. 219 – 241.
GONG, Xiangqian, “The New Development of International Law on Civil
Avaition Security: The Beijing Convention and Beijing Protocol of 2010”
Journal of East Asia and International Law, Vol. 4(1), 2011, s. 232 – 234.
GÖKNİL, Mazhar Nedim, Hava Hukuku, İstanbul: Fakülteler Matbaası, 1951.
GRANT, John P., “Beyond the Montreal Convention”, Case Western Reserve of International Law, Vol. 36 (2&3), 2004, s. 453 – 472.
GÜNEL, Reşat Volkan, Uluslararası Havacılık Hukuku (International Aviation Law), İstanbul: Beta Yayınları, 2010.
GÜNEYSU, Gökhan, “Uluslararası Sivil Havacılığa İlişkin Hukuka Aykırı Eylemlerin Bastırılması Hakkındaki 2010 Pekin Sözleşmesi”, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Kazancı Hakemli Hukuk Dergisi, Sayı 83-84, 2011, s. 7 – 20.
HIRANO, Ryuichi, “Convention on Offences and Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft”, Japanese Annual of International Law, Vol. 8, 1964, s. 44 – 59.
HUDSON, Manley O., “Aviation and International Law”, American Journal of International Law, Vol. 24, 1930, s. 228 – 240.
IASIELLO, Emilio, “Getting Ahead of the Threat: Aviation and Cyber Security”, Aerospace America, July August 2013, s. 22 – 25.
JENSEN, Eric Talbot , “Cyber Dterrence”, Emory International Law Review, Vol. 26, 2012, s. 773 – 824.
JEYAKODI, Deepika, “Cyber Security in Civil Aviation”, The Aviation and Space Journal, Vol. 14 (4), 2015, s. 2 – 9.
KAISER, Stefan A. and MEJIA-KAISER, Martha, “Cyber Security in Air and Space Law”, German Journal of Air and Space Law (Zeitschrift für Luft und Weltraumrecht), Vol. 64(2), 2015, s. 396 – 412.
KANG, Jerry , “Cyber-Race”, Harvard Law Review, Vol. 113 (5), 2000, s. 1130 – 1208.
KEYSER, Mike, “The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime”, Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 12 (2), 2003, s. 287 – 326.
KÖNİ, Hasan S., Uçaklara Karşı Girişilen Eylemlerin Uluslararası Hukukta Doğurduğu Sorunlar, Ankara: İktisadi ve Ticari İlimler Akademisi Yayınları, 1977.
KROSS, Michael, Scene of the Cybercrime, Second edition, Syngress Publishing, 2008.
LIM, Bernard, “Emerging Threats from Cyber Security in Avaition – Challanges and Mitigations”, Journal of Aviation Management, 2014, s. 81 – 91.
MACKENZIE, David, ICAO: A History of the International Civil Aviation Organization, Toronto/Buffalo/London: University of Toronto Press, 2010.
MANKIEWICZ, R. H., “The 1970 Hague Convention”, Journal of Air Law and
Commerce, Vol. 37(2), 1971, s. 195 – 210.
MILDE, Michael, International Air Law and ICAO, Utrecht/Portland: Eleven
International Publishing, 2008.
MILDE, Michael, “The Chicago Convention – After Forty Years”, Annals of Air
and Space Law, Vol. 9, 1984, s. 119 – 131.
ÖKTEM, A. Emre, Terörizm, İnsancıl Hukuk ve İnsan Hakları, İkinci basım
İstanbul: Derin Yayınları, 2011.
SHUBBER, Sami, “Aircraft Hijacking under the Hague Convention 1970 – A
New Regime?”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 22 (4), 1973, s. 687 – 726.
TAN, Alan Khee-Jin, “Recent Developments Relating to Terrorism and
Aviation Security”, in Global Anti-Terrorism Law and Policy, Eds. Victor V.
RAMRAJ, Michael HOR and Kent ROACH, Cambridge/New York/Melbourne
Cambridge University Press, 2005, s. 225 – 247.
URBAN, Jennifer A., “Protocol to Ammend the Convention on Offences and
Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft: A Missed Opportunity or A
Sufficient Modernization”, Indiana Law Review, Vol. 49(3), 2016, s. 713 – 743.
VAN PANHUYS, Haro F., “Aircraft Hijacking and International Law”, Columbia
Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 9(1), 1970, s. 1 – 22.
WITTEN, Samuel, “Introductory Note to the Convention on the Suppression
of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Aviation and the Protocol
Supplementary to the for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft”
International Legal Materials, Vol. 50, 2011, s. 141 – 159.
ULUSLARARASI ANTLAŞMALAR
Canada – Federal Republic of Germany – France – Italy – Japan – United
Kingdom – United States: Joint Statement on International Terrorism, 17 July
17 I.L.M. 1285.
Convention on Cybercrime, 23/11/2001, 2296 UNTS 167, No. 40916.
Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection
March 1991, 2122 UNTS 359, No. 36984.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally
Protected Persons, Including Diplomatic Agents, 14 December 1973, 1035
U.N.T.S. 167, No. 15410.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation, 23/09/1971, 974 UNTS 177, No. 14118.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, 16/12/1970, 860 UNTS 105, No. 12325.
Convention on Offences and Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft, 14/09/1963, 704 UNTS 219, No. 10106.
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Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation, 24 February 1988, 1589 U.N.T.S. 474, No. 14118.
ULUSLARARASI DİĞER DÖKÜMANLAR
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IATA, Resolution on the Threat of Terrorism to the Airline Industry, 72nd IATA Annual General Meeting, 2 June 2016.
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Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders]
December 1990, A/RES/45/121 (1990).
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prevent international terrorism which endangers or takes innocent human
lives or jeopardizes fundamental freedoms and study of the underlying causes
of those forms of terrorism and acts of violence which lie in misery, frustration
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weapons of mass destruction], 28 April 2004, S/RES/1540 (2004).
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peace and security caused by terrorist acts], 28 September 2001, S/RES/1373 (2001).
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Security Council in the maintenance of international peace and security], 19
October 1999, S/RES/1269 (1999).
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htt p : / / w w w. re u te rs . co m /a r t i c l e / u s - p o l a n d - l o t- c y b e rc r i m e - idUSKBN0P21DC20150622.

SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 32, 151 - 196, 01.10.2017

Ali İbrahim Akkutay International Civil Aviation

Öz

Hava araçlarına ve hava alanlarına yönelik gerçekleştirilen uluslararası hukuka aykırı eylemler uluslararası sivil havacılığın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu tarz eylemler uçuşu ve hava alanını tehdit etmenin yanı sıra kişilerin canlarını ve malvarlıklarını tehlikeye düşürmektedir. Özellikle 1960’lı yılların başından itibaren bu tarz eylemlere karşı daha yoğun bir mücadele gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte konuyla ilgili hayata geçirilen çok taraflı uluslararası antlaşmalar ile devletlerin çabalarının, istenilen düzeyde bir sonuç alınmasını sağlayamadığı görülmektedir. Sivil havacılıkta söz konusu uluslararası hukuka aykırı eylemler belirli saldırı tiplerini oluşturmaktadır. Siber saldırılar ise,uluslararası hukuk kuralları çerçevesinde kapsamının belirlenmemiş olması itibariyle sivil havacılığa yönelik büyük bir sorunu meydana getirmektedir. Siber saldırılar hem konuya ilişkin çok taraflı uluslararası saldırılarla örtüşen yönleri bulunan hem de bağımsız özellikler taşıyan yeni bir saldırı tipini ifade etmektedir. Dolayısıyla sivil havacılığa yönelik gerçekleştirilen siber saldırıların kapsamının, bu saldırılara uygulanacak hukukun ve bu saldırılara karşılık yetkili ve sorumlu devlet ya da devletlerin belirlenmesi ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Güncel uluslararası hukuk kurallarının bu konuda yetersiz kalması, siber saldırıları da kapsayacak şekilde sivil havacılığa karşı gerçekleştirilen saldırılara yönelik çok taraflı yeni bir uluslararası antlaşmanın ve buna bağlı yeni bir uluslararası örgütlenmenin hayata geçirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası Hava

Kaynakça

KİTAPLAR VE MAKALELER
ABDURRASYID, H. Priyatna, “Growth and Development of Air and Space Law”, Indonesian Journal of International Law, Vol. 8 (1), 2010, s. 59 – 81.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “Cyber Terrorism and Aviaiton: A Constructive Look at the Work of ICAO”, Air and Space Law, Vol. 41(1), 2016, s. 25 – 39.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “Cyber Terrorism and Aviation – National and International Responses”, Journal of Transportation Security, Vol. 4(4), 2011, s. 337 – 349.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “The Beijing Convention of 2010 on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Avaiation – An Interpretive Study”, Journal of Transportation Security, Vol. 4(2), 2011, s. 131 – 143. (2011/a)
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “Civil Unrest and Airport and Aviation Security”, Journal of Transportation Security, Vol. 4 (4), 2011, s. 285 – 294. (2011/b)
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, Aviation Security Law, Springer/Heidelberg/ Dodrecht: Springer, 2010.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa, “The Role of Civil Aviation in Securing Peace”, International Journal on World Peace, Vol. 19(2), 2002, s. 53 – 81.
ABEYRATNE, Ruwantissa I. R., “Terror in the Skies: Approaches to Controlling Unlawful Interference with Civil Aviation”, International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, Vol. 11(2), 1997, s. 245 – 282.
AKİPEK, Ömer İlhan, Hava Sahasının Devletler Hukuku Bakımından Durumu, Ankara: Güzel Sanatlar Matbaası, 1959.
ARAFAH, Andy Riadhy, “Evolution of Terrorism Act Against Civil Aircraft”, Indonesian Journal of International Law, Vol. 11(2), 2014, s. 177 – 189.
BİLSEL, Cemil, Milletlerarası Hava Hukuku Cilt I, İstanbul: İsmail Akgün Matbaası, 1948.
BOYLE, Robert P. and PULSIFER, Roy, “The Tokyo Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft”, Journal of Air Law and Commerce, Vol. 30(4), 1964, s. 305 – 354.
BUSUTTIL, James J., “The Bonn Declaration on International Terrorism: A Non-Binding International Agreement on Aircraft Hijacking”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 31, 1982, s. 474 – 487.
CHENG, Bin, “Aviation, Criminal Jurisdiction and Terrorism: The Hague
Extradition/Prosecution Formula and Attacks at Airports”, in Contemporary
Problems of International Law: Essays in Honour of Georg Schwarzenberger
on his Eightieth Birthday, Eds. Bin CHENG and E. D. BROWN, London: Stephen
and Sons Limited, 1988, s. 25 – 52.
CHENG, Bin, The Law of International Air Transport, London/New York
Stevens & Sons Limited, 1962.
DE LEON, Pablo Mendes, “The Role of International Law in Safeguarding
Aviation Security”, World Bulletin: Bulletin of the International Studies of
Philippines, Vol. 14 (1-2), 1998, s. 81 – 92.
DEMPSEY, Paul Stephen, Public International Air Law, Montreal: McGill
University Publish, 2008.
DEMPSEY, Paul Stephen, “Compliance and Enforcement in International Law
Achieving Global Uniformity in Aviation Safety”, North Carolina Journal of
International Law and Commercial Regulation, Vol. 30(1), 2004, s. 1 – 73.
DEMPSEY, Paul Stephen, “Aviation Security: The Role of Law in the War
Against Terrorism”, Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 41, 2003, s. 649 – 733.
DICKERSON, Thomas A., “A Post September 11th Perspective on Airline and
Aİrport Security, Ethnic Profiling, Unruly Passengers, Overzealous Attendants
and Disabled Passengers”, International Travel Law Journal, 2003(3), s. 148 – 156.
DIEDERIKS-VERSCHOOR, I. H. Ph., An Introduction to Air Law, Revised by
Pablo DE LEON, Ninth Revised Edition, Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law
International, 2012.
EVANS, Alona, “Aircraft Hijacking: Its Cause and Cure”, American Journal of
International Law, Vol. 63(4), 1969, s. 695 – 710.
FIORITA, Dionigi M., “Aviation Security: International Response”, Albany Law
Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 3, 1993, s. 267 – 313.
FITZGERALD, Gerald F., “Aviation Terrorism and the International Civil
Aviation Organization”, The Canadian Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 25, 1987, s. 219 – 241.
GONG, Xiangqian, “The New Development of International Law on Civil
Avaition Security: The Beijing Convention and Beijing Protocol of 2010”
Journal of East Asia and International Law, Vol. 4(1), 2011, s. 232 – 234.
GÖKNİL, Mazhar Nedim, Hava Hukuku, İstanbul: Fakülteler Matbaası, 1951.
GRANT, John P., “Beyond the Montreal Convention”, Case Western Reserve of International Law, Vol. 36 (2&3), 2004, s. 453 – 472.
GÜNEL, Reşat Volkan, Uluslararası Havacılık Hukuku (International Aviation Law), İstanbul: Beta Yayınları, 2010.
GÜNEYSU, Gökhan, “Uluslararası Sivil Havacılığa İlişkin Hukuka Aykırı Eylemlerin Bastırılması Hakkındaki 2010 Pekin Sözleşmesi”, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Kazancı Hakemli Hukuk Dergisi, Sayı 83-84, 2011, s. 7 – 20.
HIRANO, Ryuichi, “Convention on Offences and Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft”, Japanese Annual of International Law, Vol. 8, 1964, s. 44 – 59.
HUDSON, Manley O., “Aviation and International Law”, American Journal of International Law, Vol. 24, 1930, s. 228 – 240.
IASIELLO, Emilio, “Getting Ahead of the Threat: Aviation and Cyber Security”, Aerospace America, July August 2013, s. 22 – 25.
JENSEN, Eric Talbot , “Cyber Dterrence”, Emory International Law Review, Vol. 26, 2012, s. 773 – 824.
JEYAKODI, Deepika, “Cyber Security in Civil Aviation”, The Aviation and Space Journal, Vol. 14 (4), 2015, s. 2 – 9.
KAISER, Stefan A. and MEJIA-KAISER, Martha, “Cyber Security in Air and Space Law”, German Journal of Air and Space Law (Zeitschrift für Luft und Weltraumrecht), Vol. 64(2), 2015, s. 396 – 412.
KANG, Jerry , “Cyber-Race”, Harvard Law Review, Vol. 113 (5), 2000, s. 1130 – 1208.
KEYSER, Mike, “The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime”, Journal of Transnational Law and Policy, Vol. 12 (2), 2003, s. 287 – 326.
KÖNİ, Hasan S., Uçaklara Karşı Girişilen Eylemlerin Uluslararası Hukukta Doğurduğu Sorunlar, Ankara: İktisadi ve Ticari İlimler Akademisi Yayınları, 1977.
KROSS, Michael, Scene of the Cybercrime, Second edition, Syngress Publishing, 2008.
LIM, Bernard, “Emerging Threats from Cyber Security in Avaition – Challanges and Mitigations”, Journal of Aviation Management, 2014, s. 81 – 91.
MACKENZIE, David, ICAO: A History of the International Civil Aviation Organization, Toronto/Buffalo/London: University of Toronto Press, 2010.
MANKIEWICZ, R. H., “The 1970 Hague Convention”, Journal of Air Law and
Commerce, Vol. 37(2), 1971, s. 195 – 210.
MILDE, Michael, International Air Law and ICAO, Utrecht/Portland: Eleven
International Publishing, 2008.
MILDE, Michael, “The Chicago Convention – After Forty Years”, Annals of Air
and Space Law, Vol. 9, 1984, s. 119 – 131.
ÖKTEM, A. Emre, Terörizm, İnsancıl Hukuk ve İnsan Hakları, İkinci basım
İstanbul: Derin Yayınları, 2011.
SHUBBER, Sami, “Aircraft Hijacking under the Hague Convention 1970 – A
New Regime?”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 22 (4), 1973, s. 687 – 726.
TAN, Alan Khee-Jin, “Recent Developments Relating to Terrorism and
Aviation Security”, in Global Anti-Terrorism Law and Policy, Eds. Victor V.
RAMRAJ, Michael HOR and Kent ROACH, Cambridge/New York/Melbourne
Cambridge University Press, 2005, s. 225 – 247.
URBAN, Jennifer A., “Protocol to Ammend the Convention on Offences and
Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft: A Missed Opportunity or A
Sufficient Modernization”, Indiana Law Review, Vol. 49(3), 2016, s. 713 – 743.
VAN PANHUYS, Haro F., “Aircraft Hijacking and International Law”, Columbia
Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 9(1), 1970, s. 1 – 22.
WITTEN, Samuel, “Introductory Note to the Convention on the Suppression
of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Aviation and the Protocol
Supplementary to the for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft”
International Legal Materials, Vol. 50, 2011, s. 141 – 159.
ULUSLARARASI ANTLAŞMALAR
Canada – Federal Republic of Germany – France – Italy – Japan – United
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17 I.L.M. 1285.
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Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of Detection
March 1991, 2122 UNTS 359, No. 36984.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally
Protected Persons, Including Diplomatic Agents, 14 December 1973, 1035
U.N.T.S. 167, No. 15410.
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ULUSLARARASI DİĞER DÖKÜMANLAR
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prevent international terrorism which endangers or takes innocent human
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January 1992, S/RES/731 (1992).
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East], 21 April 1973, S/RES/332 (1973). MAHKEME KARARLARI
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CREAMER, Stephen, “Cyber Security, Safety and Resilience”, Presentation in the Cyber Security Workshop, 25th AVSEC World, 25 – 27 October 2016, cybersecurity.pdf.
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IFALPA, “Cyber Threats: Who Controls your Aircraft”,14POS03, 5 June 2013, http://www.ifalpa.org/store/14POS03%20-%20Cyber%20threats.pdf.
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htt p : / / w w w. re u te rs . co m /a r t i c l e / u s - p o l a n d - l o t- c y b e rc r i m e - idUSKBN0P21DC20150622.

Toplam 155 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Research Article
Yazarlar	Ali İbrahim Akkutay Bu kişi benim International Civil Aviation Bu kişi benim
Yayımlanma Tarihi	1 Ekim 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2017 Sayı: 32

Kaynak Göster

APA	Akkutay, A. İ., & Aviation, I. C. (2017). SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi(32), 151-196.
AMA	Akkutay Aİ, Aviation IC. SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK. TAAD. Ekim 2017;(32):151-196.
Chicago	Akkutay, Ali İbrahim, ve International Civil Aviation. “SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK”. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, sy. 32 (Ekim 2017): 151-96.
EndNote	Akkutay Aİ, Aviation IC (01 Ekim 2017) SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi 32 151–196.
IEEE	A. İ. Akkutay ve I. C. Aviation, “SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK”, TAAD, sy. 32, ss. 151–196, Ekim 2017.
ISNAD	Akkutay, Ali İbrahim - Aviation, International Civil. “SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK”. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi 32 (Ekim 2017), 151-196.
JAMA	Akkutay Aİ, Aviation IC. SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK. TAAD. 2017;:151–196.
MLA	Akkutay, Ali İbrahim ve International Civil Aviation. “SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK”. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, sy. 32, 2017, ss. 151-96.
Vancouver	Akkutay Aİ, Aviation IC. SİVİL HAVACILIĞA YÖNELİK GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN SİBER SALDIRILAR: UYGULANACAK ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KURALLARI, YETKİ VE SORUMLULUK. TAAD. 2017(32):151-96.

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