ON THE KANT’S DEONTOLOGICAL ETHICS
Abstract
Kant has endeavored to develop a pure rational ethics through
investigating morality, free from any emotional motivation and its consequences.
He refused the previous moral notions putting happiness and teleology at the center
of ethics, and replaced them with the notion of deontology. Parallel to his
understanding of morality, Kant advanced a novel notion of freedom constructed on autonomy of the reason. The concept of freedom constitutes the crisscrossing
point of his theoretical and practical philosophies. His attempt to reconcile his
notion of freedom with the deterministic notion of nature, which is based on a web
of causality without exception, is one of the most complex problematics of his
philosophy. While attempting to demonstrate the possibility of freedom in his
theoretical philosophy Kant rests, in his practical philosophy, the reality of
morality on the consciousness of the moral law, which he characterizes as the only
factuality of the reason. In Kant‟s philosophy, freedom and morality constitute the
inseparable terms from one another, and voluntary freedom is nothing but to
conform to imperatives of the moral law of pure reason. He claims that pure reason
should be the mere source for morality to be realized. This can only be made
possible if and when the moral conducts act would be purified from all emotional
and purposeful elements and be pursued with a consciousness of duty which stems
from the respect for moral law. With his categorical imperative, Kant attributes the
moral judgment to the ability of the criterion for the rational principles underlying
the moral conducts act that could be universalized. Kant has attempted to overcome
the moral relativism, and to construct as well, a universal morality by setting the
reason abstracted from experience as the basis for the moral authority. However,
attaining the goal of pure rationalism in the Kant‟s philosophy has paved the way
for constructing an empty formalism and an ethical rigorism.
Keywords
References
- Ralf Dreier: Recht, Moral, Ideologie, Studien zur Rechtstheorie, Suhrkamp: Frankfurt am
- Main 1981.
Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Review
Authors
Publication Date
January 20, 2017
Submission Date
February 16, 2017
Acceptance Date
January 4, 2017
Published in Issue
Year 2017 Number: 6