Kastamonu'da yetişen lavantadan elde edilen uçucu yağın kimyasal bileşimi

Abstract

Lavanta ve lavanta yağları yüzyıllardır geleneksel bitkisel ilaç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde lavanta ve esansiyel yağı gıda, kozmetik, parfüm, sıhhi ürünler ve ilaç gibi birçok endüstride kullanılan değerli malzemelerdir. Değerli yağın bileşenleri yetiştirme bölgesine bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiğinden, yağın kalitesini ve potansiyel kullanım alanlarını belirlemek için bu bileşenlerin belirlenmesi gerekir. Esansiyel yağ bileşimi, Kastamonu, Türkiye lavanta çeşitlerinin saplı taze çiçeklerinden (Lavandula x intermedia var. Super) Clevenger tipi hidrodistilasyon cihazı kullanılarak elde edildi. Daha sonra uçucu yağın gaz kromatografisi-kütle spektrometresi (GC-MS) ile analizi sonucu 14 bileşen tanımlanmıştır. Linalool ve linalil asetat sırasıyla %28,44 ve %17,12 ile yağın ana bileşenleridir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen yağın kalitesini ve olası kullanım alanlarını belirlemek için sonuçlarımızı Avrupa Farmakopesi ve ISO standartları ile karşılaştırarak değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Analiz sonuçları, lavandin esansiyel yağının yüksek düzeyde linalool içermesi ve kafur içermemesi nedeniyle yüksek kaliteli bir esansiyel yağ olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, linalool, terpinen-4-ol ve kafur içerikleri ISO 3515:2002'de belirtilen lavanta yağı standartlarına uygun iken, linalil asetat içeriği standard değerin altında bulunmuştur. Çalışmada ekstrakte edilen lavandin yağının yüksek linalool içeriği ve kafur içermemesi nedeniyle gıda, içecek, aroma, ilaç, parfüm ve aromaterapi endüstrilerinde kullanıma uygun olduğu öngörülebilir.

Keywords

• Hidrodistilasyon
• Lavandula sp.
• Linalil asetat
• Linalool

Chemical composition of essential oil extracted from lavender growing in Kastamonu, Türkiye

Abstract

Lavender and lavender oils have been used as traditional herbal medicines for centuries. Nowadays, lavender and its essential oil are valuable materials used in many industries, e.g., food, cosmetics, perfume, sanitary products, and pharmaceuticals. Since the components of valuable oil differ depending on the growing region, these components must be identified to ascertain the oil's quality and potential uses. The essential oil composition was obtained from the stemmed fresh flowers of Kastamonu, Türkiye cultivars of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia var. Super) via a Clevenger-type hydrodistillation apparatus. Then, the essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and 14 components were identified. Linalool and linalyl acetate were the main components, with 28.44% and 17.12%, respectively. In this study, we aimed to evaluate our results by comparing them with Pharmacopoeia Europaea and ISO standards to determine the quality of the essential oil and its possible areas of use. The findings of this study showed that lavandin essential oil is a high-quality essential oil as it contains high levels of linalool and is free of camphor. In addition, while the linalool, terpinen-4-ol, and camphor contents of the variety complied with the lavender oil standards set by ISO 3515:2002, the linalyl acetate content was found below this. Due to its high linalool content and lack of camphor, the extracted lavandin oil can be predicted to be suitable for use in the food, beverage, aroma, pharmaceutical, perfume and aromatherapy industries.

Keywords

• Hydrodistillation
• Lavandula sp.
• Linalyl acetate
• Linalool

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