Arap İsyanları Sonrası Suriye’nin Sosyo-politik Dönüşümüne Eşitsiz ve Bileşik Kalkınmacı Bir Yaklaşım: “Savaş Ekonomisi” ve “Yeniden İnşa” Süreçlerinde Uluslararası ve Yerel Dinamiklerin Etkileşimi

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 47 - 81, 29.06.2022

Hikmet Mengüaslan

https://doi.org/10.26513/tocd.1000671

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışma “uluslararası” kavramını öne çıkararak Arap İsyanları sonrası Suriye’deki sosyo-politik dönüşümü Leon Troçki’nin Eşitsiz ve Bileşik Kalkınma (EBK) yaklaşımı ile incelemektedir. Literatürdeki analizler gerek yöntemsel ulusçuluk gerekse bütüncül bir çerçeveye sahip olmayışları sebebiyle Arap İsyanları sonrası Suriye’deki sosyo-politik dönüşümü genellikle otoriter Beşir Esat rejiminin dayanıklılığı ve neoliberal dönüşümün dinamikleri çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın temel sorunsalı yöntemsel olarak uluslararası ve yerel dinamiklerin etkileşiminin Suriye’deki sosyo-politik dönüşüme etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla Arap İsyanları sonrası Suriye’nin sosyo-politik dönüşümünde belirleyici olduğu düşünülen iki sürecin - “Savaş Ekonomisi” ve “Yeniden İnşa” – sonuçları incelenmektedir. Çalışma sonuç olarak Suriye’deki sosyo-politik dönüşümün anlaşılmasında Arap İsyanları öncesi dönemde olduğu neoliberal politik ve ekonomik dinamiklerin etkili olduğunu ve dönüşümün bölgesel ve küresel jeopolitik rekabet süreçleriyle iç içe geçmesinin de etkisiyle toplumsal eşitsizlik ve baskı durumunu daha da ağırlaştırdığını tartışmaktadır.

Keywords

Suriye, Eşitsiz ve Bileşik Kalkınma, Sosyo-politik Dönüşüm, Neoliberalizm, Kalkınma

An Uneven and Combined Development Approach to post-Arab Revolts Syria’s Sociopolitical Transformation: The Interaction between International and Local Dynamics in the processes of “War Economy” and “Reconstruction”

Abstract

This study utilizes Leon Trotsky’s Uneven and Combined Development approach to analyze post-Arab Revolts Syria’s sociopolitical transformation by focusing on the concept of “international”. The existing analyses examine the post-Arab Revolts Syria’s sociopolitical transformation by focusing on the resilience of the authoritarian Bashar Assad regime and the dynamics of neoliberal transformation, due to methodological nationalism and lacking of a holistic framework. In this respect, the main argument of this study is to present the effects of interaction between international and local dynamics on Syria’s sociopolitical transformation. To this end, the study analyzes the outcomes of two distinctive processes – “War Economy” and “Reconstruction” – which are thought to be decisive regarding post-Arab Revolts Syria’s sociopolitical transformation. The conclusion of the study is two-fold. Firstly, the neoliberal political-economic dynamics are effective in understanding the Syria’s socio-political transformation – similar to the pre-Arab Revolts period. Secondly, the merging of the dynamics of sociopolitical transformation with the global and regional geopolitical competition process has further deteriorated the social unevenness and repression.

Keywords

Syria, Uneven and Combined Development, Neoliberalism, Socio-political Transformation, Development

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