Research Article
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Digital Device Ownership and Learning Environment Preferences of Students in South Africa and Ghana

Year 2018, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 93 - 111, 18.07.2018
https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.445093

Abstract

This paper explores differences in access to technology and configuration of preferences for learning environments among design students in two universities of technology in South Africa (ISA) and Ghana (IG). Laptops and Smartphones ownership influenced and supported design students’ learning. In IG, there was a 97% Laptop ownership as against 69% in ISA. IG does not have computer laboratories; hence Laptop ownership is a pre-requirement for Design programs. Oppositely, ISA has fourteen computer laboratories for Design programs. There is no statistically significant difference between male and female design students in their choice of learning environments for academic success. Design students are not enthusiastic about accessing library resources via handheld devices. Towards academic success, students ranked low, their institutions’ Learning Management Systems. We recommend a blended approach when designing learning environments for Design Education, while promoting the use of media platforms for content management due to device ownership among students.

References

  • Aheto, S-P. K., & Cronje, J. C. (2014). A rhizoanalysis of learning connections among higher education learners. In R. de la Harpe, S. Warden & E. Appiah (Eds.). Proceedings of the 4 th International Conference on Design, Development & Research (pp. 439-457). Cape Town, South Africa: Faculty of Informatics, Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Airtel (2013, October 24). Airtel partners with wikimedia foundation to bring free access to wikipedia to 70 million people in 17 countries. Retrieved February 23, 2015, from http://africa.airtel.com/wps/wcm/connect/africarevamp/ africa/home/media/press-releases/october-24-2013 Ally, M. (2009). Mobile learning: Transforming the delivery of education and training. Edmonton: Athabasca University Press. Appiah, E. (2014). An exploration of ICT for graphic design education at a public university: issues of ideation and pedagogy (Doctoral Dissertation). Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa. Baddeley, A. (2012, May 27). Ebooks: Winners in the generation game. The Guardian. United Kingdom. Retrieved April 15, 2016, from http://www.theguardian.com/ books/2012/may/27/ebooks-growth-older-age-groups Barry, S., Murphy, K., & Drew, S. (2015). From deconstructive misalignment to constructive alignment : Exploring student uses of mobile technologies in university classrooms. Computers & Education, 81, 202–210. Baynes, K. (2010). Models of Change: The future of design education. Design and Technology Education: an International Journal, 15(3), 10-17. Billings, H. (2003). The Wild-Card Academic Library in 2013. College & Research Libraries, 64 (2), 105-109. Bita, N. (2016, March 26). Computers in class ‘a scandalous waste’: Sydney Grammar head. Retrieved March 30, 2016, from http://www.theaustralian.c 109 Eton, S. E. (2011). Literacy, Languages and Leadership 21 Characteristics of 21st Century Learners. Retrieved June 4, 2014, from http://drsaraheaton.wordpress.com/2011/12/07/21st-century-learners/ Evans, C. (2008). The effectiveness of m-learning in the form of podcast revision lectures in higher education. Computers & Education, 50, 491–498. Falloon, G. (2015). What's the difference? Learning collaboratively using iPads in conventional classrooms. Computers & Education, 84, 62-77. Farrant, J.S. (1980). Principles and Practice of Education New Edition. Hong Kong: Longman. Gaskell, A. (2015). Can we really learn from mobile handheld devices? Retrieved April 20, 2016, from http://pcfpapers.colfinder.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/ 428/2010_GaskellA_Mobile_devices.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Gikas, J., & Grant, M. M. (2013). Mobile computing devices in higher education: Student perspectives on learning with cellphones, smartphones & social media. The Internet and Higher Education, 19, 18–26. Goode, J. (2010). The digital identity divide: how technology knowledge impacts college students. New media & society, 12(3), 497-513. Gupta, B., & Koo, Y. (2010). Applications of mobile learning in higher education: An empirical study. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 6(3), 75-87. Hamblen, M. (2011, May 19). Amazon: E-books now outsell print books. Computerworld. Retrieved April 20, 2016, from http://www.computerworld.com/article/ 2508262/mobile-wireless/amazon--e-books-now-outsell-print-books.html Herrington, J., Reeves, T. C., & Oliver, R. (2010). A guide to authentic e-learning. NewYork: Routledge. Hsu, J. (2007). Innovative technologies for education and learning: Education and knowledgeoriented applications of blogs, wikis, podcasts, and more. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 3(3), 70-89. Huang, Y. M., Liao, Y. W., Huang, S. H., & Chen, H. C. (2014). A Jigsaw based Cooperative Learning Approach to Improve Learning Outcomes for Mobile Situated Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 17(1), 128–140. Johnson, L., Adams Becker, S., Estrada, V., & Freeman, A. (2014). NMC Horizon Report: 2014 Library Edition (Horizon Report). Austin, Texas. The New Media Consortium. Karchmer‐ Klein, R., & Shinas, V. H. (2012). Guiding principles for supporting new literacies in your classroom, The Reading Teacher, 65(5), 288-293. Krejcie, R.V. & Morgan, D.W. 1970. Determining sample size for research activities. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 30: 607–610. Kiesler, S. & Sproull, L. 1987. Computing and Change on Campus. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kong, S. C., Chan, T. W., Griffin, P., Hoppe, U., Huang, R., Kinshuk, Looi, C. K., Milrad, M., Norris, C., Nussbaum, M., Sharples, M., So, W. M. W., Soloway, E., & Yu, S. (2014). Elearning in School Education in the Coming 10 Years for Developing 21st Century Skills: Critical Research Issues and Policy Implications. Educational Technology & Society, 17(1), 70–78. Koole, M., & Stack, S. (2016). Doctoral students’ identity positioning in networked learning environments. Distance Education, 37(1), 41-59. Krueger, R.A. 1986. Focus group interviewing: A helpful technique for agricultural educators. The Visitor, 73(7): 1–4. Lai, C. L., & Hwang, G. J. (2015). An interactive peer-assessment criteria development approach to improving students' art design performance using handheld devices. Computers & Education, 85, 149-159. 110 Lee, K. S., & Kim, B. G. (2016). Cross Space: The Exploration of SNS-Based Writing Activities in a Multimodal Learning Environment. Educational Technology & Society, 19(2), 57–76. Leeson, H. V. (2006). The mode effect: A literature review of human and technological issues in computerized testing. International Journal of Testing, 6(1), 1-24. Lefever, S., Dal, M. & Matthiasdottir, A. 2007. Online data collection in academic research: advantages and limitations. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(4): 574– 582. Leye, V. (2007). UNESCO, ICT corporations and the passion of ICT for development: modernization resurrected. Media, Culture & Society, 29(6), 972–993. Manzini, E. (2015). Design, when everybody designs: An introduction to design for social innovation. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. McKnight, S. (2011). Here Today and Here Tomorrow. In P. Dale, J. Beard, M. Holland (Eds.), University Libraries and Digital Learning Environments (pp. 1-14). London: Ashgate. Miller, J. R. (2016). Teaching Machines: Learning from the Intersection of Education and Technology by Bill Ferster (review). The Review of Higher Education, 39(2), 306-307. Mitchell, V. (1996). Assessing the reliability and validity of questionnaires: an empirical example. Journal of Applied Management Studies, 5, 199-208. Motiwalla, L. F. (2007). Mobile learning: A framework and evaluation, Computers & Education, 49, 581–596. MTN Ghana. (n.d.). MTN Ghana Empowers Customers With Free Access To Wikipedia. Retrieved February 23, 2015, from http://mtn.com.gh/about-mtn/press/mtn-ghanaempowers-customers-with-free-access-to-wikipedia Muianga, Xavier; Hansson, Henrik; Nilsson, Anders; Mondlane, Avelino; Mutimucuio, Inocente; and Guambe, Alsone (2013) "ICT in Education in Africa - Myth or Reality: A Case Study of Mozambican Higher Education Institutions". The African Journal of Information Systems, 5(3), 106-117 Munshi, K. (2010). Characteristics of Design and its implications on Design Education. Retrieved April 10, 2016, from http://www.idc.iitb.ac.in/munshi/ CHARACTERISTICS%20OF%20DESIGN%20AND%20ITS%20IMPLICATIONS%20ON %20DESIGN%20%20EDUCATION.pdf Nilson, L., & Weaver, B. E. (2005). Enhancing Learning with Laptops in the Classroom: New Directions for Teaching and Learning, Number 101. Wiley. Oliver, M. (2011). Technological determinism in educational technology research: some alternative ways of thinking about the relationship between learning and technology. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 27(5), 373-384. Paliktzoglou, V., & Suhonen, J. (2014). Microblogging in Higher Education: The Edmodo Case Study among Computer Science Learners in Finland. Journal of Cases on Information Technology, 16(2), 39-57. Plowright, D. 2011. Using mixed methods: Frameworks for an integrated methodology. Sage Publications. Rambe, P. (2015). The role of educational technology in design and delivery of curricula programmes at a South African university:The case of STEPS at the Central University of Technology. The African Journal of Information System, 8(2), 86-113. Salaway G., & Caruso J. (2007). The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Technology. EDUCAUSE, Boulder, CO. Salter, D., Pang, M. Y. C., & Sharma, P. (2009). Active tasks to change the use of class time within an outcomes based approach to curriculum design. Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice, 6(1), 26-38. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. 2012. Research Methods for Business Students. 6th ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. 111 Sharples, M., Adams, A., Ferguson, R., Gaved, M., McAndrew, P., Rienties, B., Weller, M., & Whitelock, D. (2014). Innovating pedagogy 2014: exploring new forms of teaching, learning and assessment, to guide educators and policy makers. Retrieved April 20, 2016 from http://www.openuniversity.edu/sites/ www.openuniversity.edu/files/The_Open_University_Innovating_Pedagogy_2014_0. pdf Shelly, G. B., Gunter, G. A., & Gunter, R. E. (2012). Teachers discovering computers: integrating technology in a connected world. Cengage Learning. Smith, S. D., & Caruso, J. B. (2010). The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2010. Colorado: EDUCAUSE. South African Technology Network (SATN) (2008). Universities of Technology in South Africa: Position, Role and Function. Sperber, M. (2005). How undergraduate education became college lite-and a personal apology. In Hersh R. H., & J. Merrow (Eds.), Declining by degrees: higher education at risk (pp. 131-143). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Walmsley, A. (2014). Unplug the Kids: Technology Isolates Children from Each Other and May Be Hampering Their Communication and Collaboration Skills. Phi Delta Kappan, 95(6), 80. Warburton, S. (2010, June 15). Rhizome: Digital Identity matters. Retrieved November 19, 2014, from http://digitaldisruptions.org/rhizome/wpcontent/uploads/2010/06/rhiz08_DigitalIdentityMatters.pdf Ward, A. (1990). Ideology, culture and the design studio. Design Studies, 11(1), 10-16. Warger, T., & Dobbin, G. (2009). Learning Environments: Where Space, Technology, and Culture Converge. EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. Retrieved January 1, 2015 from https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI3021.pdf West, M. A., Hafner, A. W., & Faust, B. D. (2006). Expanding access to library collections and services using small-screen devices. Information technology and libraries, 25(2), 103-107. Wheeler, S. (2012, November 16). Next generation learning [Web log message]. Retrieved May 10, 2014, from http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com/ 2012/11/next-generationlearning.html Witecki, G., & Nonnecke, B. (2015). Engagement in Digital Lecture Halls: A Study of Student Course Engagement and Mobile Device use During Lecture, Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 14, 73-90. Yin, R.K. 2014. Case Study Research Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Yumurtaci, O. (2017). A Re-Evaluation of Mobile Communication Technology: A Theoretical Approach for Technology Evaluation in Contemporary Digital Learning. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 18 (1), 213 – 223.
Year 2018, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 93 - 111, 18.07.2018
https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.445093

Abstract

References

  • Aheto, S-P. K., & Cronje, J. C. (2014). A rhizoanalysis of learning connections among higher education learners. In R. de la Harpe, S. Warden & E. Appiah (Eds.). Proceedings of the 4 th International Conference on Design, Development & Research (pp. 439-457). Cape Town, South Africa: Faculty of Informatics, Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Airtel (2013, October 24). Airtel partners with wikimedia foundation to bring free access to wikipedia to 70 million people in 17 countries. Retrieved February 23, 2015, from http://africa.airtel.com/wps/wcm/connect/africarevamp/ africa/home/media/press-releases/october-24-2013 Ally, M. (2009). Mobile learning: Transforming the delivery of education and training. Edmonton: Athabasca University Press. Appiah, E. (2014). An exploration of ICT for graphic design education at a public university: issues of ideation and pedagogy (Doctoral Dissertation). Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa. Baddeley, A. (2012, May 27). Ebooks: Winners in the generation game. The Guardian. United Kingdom. Retrieved April 15, 2016, from http://www.theguardian.com/ books/2012/may/27/ebooks-growth-older-age-groups Barry, S., Murphy, K., & Drew, S. (2015). From deconstructive misalignment to constructive alignment : Exploring student uses of mobile technologies in university classrooms. Computers & Education, 81, 202–210. Baynes, K. (2010). Models of Change: The future of design education. Design and Technology Education: an International Journal, 15(3), 10-17. Billings, H. (2003). The Wild-Card Academic Library in 2013. College & Research Libraries, 64 (2), 105-109. Bita, N. (2016, March 26). Computers in class ‘a scandalous waste’: Sydney Grammar head. Retrieved March 30, 2016, from http://www.theaustralian.c 109 Eton, S. E. (2011). Literacy, Languages and Leadership 21 Characteristics of 21st Century Learners. Retrieved June 4, 2014, from http://drsaraheaton.wordpress.com/2011/12/07/21st-century-learners/ Evans, C. (2008). The effectiveness of m-learning in the form of podcast revision lectures in higher education. Computers & Education, 50, 491–498. Falloon, G. (2015). What's the difference? Learning collaboratively using iPads in conventional classrooms. Computers & Education, 84, 62-77. Farrant, J.S. (1980). Principles and Practice of Education New Edition. Hong Kong: Longman. Gaskell, A. (2015). Can we really learn from mobile handheld devices? Retrieved April 20, 2016, from http://pcfpapers.colfinder.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/ 428/2010_GaskellA_Mobile_devices.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Gikas, J., & Grant, M. M. (2013). Mobile computing devices in higher education: Student perspectives on learning with cellphones, smartphones & social media. The Internet and Higher Education, 19, 18–26. Goode, J. (2010). The digital identity divide: how technology knowledge impacts college students. New media & society, 12(3), 497-513. Gupta, B., & Koo, Y. (2010). Applications of mobile learning in higher education: An empirical study. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 6(3), 75-87. Hamblen, M. (2011, May 19). Amazon: E-books now outsell print books. Computerworld. Retrieved April 20, 2016, from http://www.computerworld.com/article/ 2508262/mobile-wireless/amazon--e-books-now-outsell-print-books.html Herrington, J., Reeves, T. C., & Oliver, R. (2010). A guide to authentic e-learning. NewYork: Routledge. Hsu, J. (2007). Innovative technologies for education and learning: Education and knowledgeoriented applications of blogs, wikis, podcasts, and more. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 3(3), 70-89. Huang, Y. M., Liao, Y. W., Huang, S. H., & Chen, H. C. (2014). A Jigsaw based Cooperative Learning Approach to Improve Learning Outcomes for Mobile Situated Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 17(1), 128–140. Johnson, L., Adams Becker, S., Estrada, V., & Freeman, A. (2014). NMC Horizon Report: 2014 Library Edition (Horizon Report). Austin, Texas. The New Media Consortium. Karchmer‐ Klein, R., & Shinas, V. H. (2012). Guiding principles for supporting new literacies in your classroom, The Reading Teacher, 65(5), 288-293. Krejcie, R.V. & Morgan, D.W. 1970. Determining sample size for research activities. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 30: 607–610. Kiesler, S. & Sproull, L. 1987. Computing and Change on Campus. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kong, S. C., Chan, T. W., Griffin, P., Hoppe, U., Huang, R., Kinshuk, Looi, C. K., Milrad, M., Norris, C., Nussbaum, M., Sharples, M., So, W. M. W., Soloway, E., & Yu, S. (2014). Elearning in School Education in the Coming 10 Years for Developing 21st Century Skills: Critical Research Issues and Policy Implications. Educational Technology & Society, 17(1), 70–78. Koole, M., & Stack, S. (2016). Doctoral students’ identity positioning in networked learning environments. Distance Education, 37(1), 41-59. Krueger, R.A. 1986. Focus group interviewing: A helpful technique for agricultural educators. The Visitor, 73(7): 1–4. Lai, C. L., & Hwang, G. J. (2015). An interactive peer-assessment criteria development approach to improving students' art design performance using handheld devices. Computers & Education, 85, 149-159. 110 Lee, K. S., & Kim, B. G. (2016). Cross Space: The Exploration of SNS-Based Writing Activities in a Multimodal Learning Environment. Educational Technology & Society, 19(2), 57–76. Leeson, H. V. (2006). The mode effect: A literature review of human and technological issues in computerized testing. International Journal of Testing, 6(1), 1-24. Lefever, S., Dal, M. & Matthiasdottir, A. 2007. Online data collection in academic research: advantages and limitations. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(4): 574– 582. Leye, V. (2007). UNESCO, ICT corporations and the passion of ICT for development: modernization resurrected. Media, Culture & Society, 29(6), 972–993. Manzini, E. (2015). Design, when everybody designs: An introduction to design for social innovation. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. McKnight, S. (2011). Here Today and Here Tomorrow. In P. Dale, J. Beard, M. Holland (Eds.), University Libraries and Digital Learning Environments (pp. 1-14). London: Ashgate. Miller, J. R. (2016). Teaching Machines: Learning from the Intersection of Education and Technology by Bill Ferster (review). The Review of Higher Education, 39(2), 306-307. Mitchell, V. (1996). Assessing the reliability and validity of questionnaires: an empirical example. Journal of Applied Management Studies, 5, 199-208. Motiwalla, L. F. (2007). Mobile learning: A framework and evaluation, Computers & Education, 49, 581–596. MTN Ghana. (n.d.). MTN Ghana Empowers Customers With Free Access To Wikipedia. Retrieved February 23, 2015, from http://mtn.com.gh/about-mtn/press/mtn-ghanaempowers-customers-with-free-access-to-wikipedia Muianga, Xavier; Hansson, Henrik; Nilsson, Anders; Mondlane, Avelino; Mutimucuio, Inocente; and Guambe, Alsone (2013) "ICT in Education in Africa - Myth or Reality: A Case Study of Mozambican Higher Education Institutions". The African Journal of Information Systems, 5(3), 106-117 Munshi, K. (2010). Characteristics of Design and its implications on Design Education. Retrieved April 10, 2016, from http://www.idc.iitb.ac.in/munshi/ CHARACTERISTICS%20OF%20DESIGN%20AND%20ITS%20IMPLICATIONS%20ON %20DESIGN%20%20EDUCATION.pdf Nilson, L., & Weaver, B. E. (2005). Enhancing Learning with Laptops in the Classroom: New Directions for Teaching and Learning, Number 101. Wiley. Oliver, M. (2011). Technological determinism in educational technology research: some alternative ways of thinking about the relationship between learning and technology. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 27(5), 373-384. Paliktzoglou, V., & Suhonen, J. (2014). Microblogging in Higher Education: The Edmodo Case Study among Computer Science Learners in Finland. Journal of Cases on Information Technology, 16(2), 39-57. Plowright, D. 2011. Using mixed methods: Frameworks for an integrated methodology. Sage Publications. Rambe, P. (2015). The role of educational technology in design and delivery of curricula programmes at a South African university:The case of STEPS at the Central University of Technology. The African Journal of Information System, 8(2), 86-113. Salaway G., & Caruso J. (2007). The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Technology. EDUCAUSE, Boulder, CO. Salter, D., Pang, M. Y. C., & Sharma, P. (2009). Active tasks to change the use of class time within an outcomes based approach to curriculum design. Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice, 6(1), 26-38. Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. 2012. Research Methods for Business Students. 6th ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. 111 Sharples, M., Adams, A., Ferguson, R., Gaved, M., McAndrew, P., Rienties, B., Weller, M., & Whitelock, D. (2014). Innovating pedagogy 2014: exploring new forms of teaching, learning and assessment, to guide educators and policy makers. Retrieved April 20, 2016 from http://www.openuniversity.edu/sites/ www.openuniversity.edu/files/The_Open_University_Innovating_Pedagogy_2014_0. pdf Shelly, G. B., Gunter, G. A., & Gunter, R. E. (2012). Teachers discovering computers: integrating technology in a connected world. Cengage Learning. Smith, S. D., & Caruso, J. B. (2010). The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2010. Colorado: EDUCAUSE. South African Technology Network (SATN) (2008). Universities of Technology in South Africa: Position, Role and Function. Sperber, M. (2005). How undergraduate education became college lite-and a personal apology. In Hersh R. H., & J. Merrow (Eds.), Declining by degrees: higher education at risk (pp. 131-143). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Walmsley, A. (2014). Unplug the Kids: Technology Isolates Children from Each Other and May Be Hampering Their Communication and Collaboration Skills. Phi Delta Kappan, 95(6), 80. Warburton, S. (2010, June 15). Rhizome: Digital Identity matters. Retrieved November 19, 2014, from http://digitaldisruptions.org/rhizome/wpcontent/uploads/2010/06/rhiz08_DigitalIdentityMatters.pdf Ward, A. (1990). Ideology, culture and the design studio. Design Studies, 11(1), 10-16. Warger, T., & Dobbin, G. (2009). Learning Environments: Where Space, Technology, and Culture Converge. EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. Retrieved January 1, 2015 from https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ELI3021.pdf West, M. A., Hafner, A. W., & Faust, B. D. (2006). Expanding access to library collections and services using small-screen devices. Information technology and libraries, 25(2), 103-107. Wheeler, S. (2012, November 16). Next generation learning [Web log message]. Retrieved May 10, 2014, from http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com/ 2012/11/next-generationlearning.html Witecki, G., & Nonnecke, B. (2015). Engagement in Digital Lecture Halls: A Study of Student Course Engagement and Mobile Device use During Lecture, Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 14, 73-90. Yin, R.K. 2014. Case Study Research Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Yumurtaci, O. (2017). A Re-Evaluation of Mobile Communication Technology: A Theoretical Approach for Technology Evaluation in Contemporary Digital Learning. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 18 (1), 213 – 223.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Simon-peter Kafui Aheto This is me

Johannes Cronje This is me

Publication Date July 18, 2018
Submission Date October 11, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 19 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Aheto, S.-p. K., & Cronje, J. (2018). Digital Device Ownership and Learning Environment Preferences of Students in South Africa and Ghana. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 19(3), 93-111. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.445093