DECLINE PARADIGM in LATE MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN HISTORIOGRAPHY: A GENERAL EVALUATION WITH REGARD to SOCIO-ECONOMIC and POLITICAL HISTORIOGRAPHY
Abstract
This study dwells on the perception and characterization of the concept
of Late Medieval in European historiography. Medieval European history has been
divided into three parts as a result of the institutionalization of medieval
scholarship and the tendency of the historians to subdivide the medieval period
into small pieces for making broad generalizations about their specific fields.
While the standards of division change according to scholarly conventions and
ideological motivations, the subdivision of the medieval into early, high and
late medieval periods has been commonly accepted. Therefore, Late Medieval
European history has been somewhat neglected through its identification with
the concepts such as “crisis” and “transition”. This article will argue that
the historians should rediscuss the Late Medieval within the scope of the
concepts such as “crisis”, “transition” and “transformation”. In this sense, it
suggests that Late Medieval period should be evaluated in continuity with High
Middle Ages and Renaissance. On the one hand, such a general evaluation of the
paradigm of Late Medieval Decline will provide us with a new approach to
examine Medieval European history. On the other hand, it will be a modest
contribution to a rethinking of historical periodization.
References
- KaynakçaBaldwin, J.W. (1991). The government of Philip Augustus: Foundations of French royal power in the Middle Ages. Berkeley: University of California Press.Durgun, F. (2017). Geç ortaçağ İngiliz toplumunu anlamak: tarih yazıcılığında bastard feudalism kavramının gelişimi. Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi. XXXII:1, s. 47-72.Dyer, C. (2002). Making a living in the Middle Ages: the people of Britain, 850-1520. New Haven: Yale University Press.Emslie, B. (2015). Speculations on German history: culture and state. Rochester NY: Camden House.Epstein, S.R. ve Hilton, R. (2007). Marxism and the transition from feudalism to capitalism. Past and Present, 195 (Suppl 2), s. 248-269.Epstein, S.R. (2003). Freedom and Growth: The rise of states and markets in Europe, 1300-1750. London: Routledge.Evans, R.J.W. ve Marchal, G. P. (2011). The uses of the middle ages in modern European states: history, nationhood and the search for origins. New York: Palgrave MacMillan..Greenberg, M. (2013). The concept of ‘early modern’. Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies, 13: 2, s. 75-79.Grummitt, D. (2013). The wars of the roses. London: I.B. Tauris.Guenée, B. (1992). Un meurtre, une société: L'assassinat du duc d'Orléans 23 Novembre 1407. Paris: Gallimard.Hicks, M.(1995). Bastard feudalism, London: Longman.Hilton, R. (1977). Bond men made free. London: Meuthen.Hilton, R. (Ed.). (1976). The transition from feudalism to capitalism. London: New Left Review Books.Kaminsky, H. (2000). From lateness to waning to crisis: the burden of the later Middle Ages. Journal of Early Modern History, Vol 4, Issue 1, s. 85-125.Kaye, H. J. (2009). İngiliz marksist tarihçiler. ( A. Köse, Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.Kelley, R. D. (2007). Ideas of periodisation in the West. The Many Faces of Clio: Cross- cultural Approaches to Historiography, Essays in Honor of Georg G. Iggers, Q E. Wang ve F. L. Fillafer (ed.), New York: Berghahn Books. Kudrycz, W. (2011). The historical present: medievalism and modernity. Londom: Continuum.Kumar K. (2003). The making of English national identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Le Goff, J. (2016). Tarihi dönemlere ayırmak şart mı?. (A. Berktay, Çev.), İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.Lurie, G. (2012). Citizenship in later medieval France, c.1370- c.1480, (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Georgetown University, Washington DC.MacFarlane, K. B. (1981). England in the fifteenth century: collected essays. Introduction by G.L. Harriss, London: The Hambledon Press.Perry, M. (2002). Marxism and history. New York: Palgrave.Postan, M. M. (1966). Medieval Agrarian society in its prime: England. M. M. Postan (ed.), The Cambridge Economic History of Europe I. Second Edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, s. 549-632.Prosser, G. (2000). Decayed feudalism’ and ‘royal clienteles’: royal office and magnate service in the fifteenth century”. C. Allmand (ed.) War, Government and Power in Late Medieval France. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, s. 175-190.Reuter, T. (2006). Medieval: another tyrannous construct?. J.L. Nelson (ed.), Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, s. 19-37.Scales, L. (2012). The shaping of German identity: authority and crisis. 1245-1414. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Sullivan, D. (1981). The end of the Middle Ages: decline, crisis or transformation?. The History Teacher, 14: 4, s.551-565. Wallerstein, I. (2004). World systems analysis: an introduction. Durham: Duke University Press.Watts, J. (2009). The making of polities: Europe, 1300-1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Wickham, C. (2016). Medieval Europe. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.Wood, C. (2016). Studying late medieval history: A thematic approach. London: Routledge.Zafirovski, M. (2011). The enlightenment and its effects on modern society. Springer: New York.
GEÇ ORTAÇAĞ AVRUPA TARİHÇİLİĞİNDE GERİLEME PARADİGMASI: SOSYO-EKONOMİK ve SİYASAL TARİHÇİLİK AÇISINDAN GENEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Abstract
Bu
çalışma Geç Ortaçağ tarihi kavramının Avrupa tarihçiliğinde nasıl algılandığı
ve tanımladığı üzerinde durmaktadır. Ortaçağ tarihçiliğinin kurumsallaşması ve
tarih disiplini içinde bir dönemin alt alanlara bölümlenmesi neticesinde
Ortaçağ tarihi de üç parçaya ayrılarak araştırma nesnesi haline getirilmiştir.
Ayrıştırma ölçütleri tarihçilik geleneklerine ve ideolojik motivasyonlara göre
değişiklik göstermekle birlikte Erken, Yüksek ve Geç Ortaçağ dönemlendirmesi
genel kabul görmüş ve Geç Ortaçağ kriz ve gerileme gibi kavramlarla
özdeşleştirilerek biraz ihmal edilmiştir. Bu makale, Geç Ortaçağ’ın “kriz”,
“geçiş” ya da “dönüşüm” kavramları etrafında sosyo-ekonomik ve siyasi
tarihçilik bağlamında genel olarak nasıl değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini
tartışacak Geç Ortaçağ’ı sosyo-ekonomik ve siyasi tarih açısından, kopuş veya
kriz olarak değil, Rönesans ile
süreklilik içinde değerlendirmeyi önerecektir. Geç Ortaçağ Gerileme
Paradigmasına ilişkin yapılacak olan tartışma ve genel değerlendirmeyle bir
yandan Geç Ortaçağ Avrupa tarihine yeni bir perspektifle bakmak, diğer yandan
da tarihsel dönemlendirmeyi yeniden düşünmek üzerine mütevazı bir katkı
sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır.
References
- KaynakçaBaldwin, J.W. (1991). The government of Philip Augustus: Foundations of French royal power in the Middle Ages. Berkeley: University of California Press.Durgun, F. (2017). Geç ortaçağ İngiliz toplumunu anlamak: tarih yazıcılığında bastard feudalism kavramının gelişimi. Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi. XXXII:1, s. 47-72.Dyer, C. (2002). Making a living in the Middle Ages: the people of Britain, 850-1520. New Haven: Yale University Press.Emslie, B. (2015). Speculations on German history: culture and state. Rochester NY: Camden House.Epstein, S.R. ve Hilton, R. (2007). Marxism and the transition from feudalism to capitalism. Past and Present, 195 (Suppl 2), s. 248-269.Epstein, S.R. (2003). Freedom and Growth: The rise of states and markets in Europe, 1300-1750. London: Routledge.Evans, R.J.W. ve Marchal, G. P. (2011). The uses of the middle ages in modern European states: history, nationhood and the search for origins. New York: Palgrave MacMillan..Greenberg, M. (2013). The concept of ‘early modern’. Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies, 13: 2, s. 75-79.Grummitt, D. (2013). The wars of the roses. London: I.B. Tauris.Guenée, B. (1992). Un meurtre, une société: L'assassinat du duc d'Orléans 23 Novembre 1407. Paris: Gallimard.Hicks, M.(1995). Bastard feudalism, London: Longman.Hilton, R. (1977). Bond men made free. London: Meuthen.Hilton, R. (Ed.). (1976). The transition from feudalism to capitalism. London: New Left Review Books.Kaminsky, H. (2000). From lateness to waning to crisis: the burden of the later Middle Ages. Journal of Early Modern History, Vol 4, Issue 1, s. 85-125.Kaye, H. J. (2009). İngiliz marksist tarihçiler. ( A. Köse, Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.Kelley, R. D. (2007). Ideas of periodisation in the West. The Many Faces of Clio: Cross- cultural Approaches to Historiography, Essays in Honor of Georg G. Iggers, Q E. Wang ve F. L. Fillafer (ed.), New York: Berghahn Books. Kudrycz, W. (2011). The historical present: medievalism and modernity. Londom: Continuum.Kumar K. (2003). The making of English national identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Le Goff, J. (2016). Tarihi dönemlere ayırmak şart mı?. (A. Berktay, Çev.), İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.Lurie, G. (2012). Citizenship in later medieval France, c.1370- c.1480, (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Georgetown University, Washington DC.MacFarlane, K. B. (1981). England in the fifteenth century: collected essays. Introduction by G.L. Harriss, London: The Hambledon Press.Perry, M. (2002). Marxism and history. New York: Palgrave.Postan, M. M. (1966). Medieval Agrarian society in its prime: England. M. M. Postan (ed.), The Cambridge Economic History of Europe I. Second Edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, s. 549-632.Prosser, G. (2000). Decayed feudalism’ and ‘royal clienteles’: royal office and magnate service in the fifteenth century”. C. Allmand (ed.) War, Government and Power in Late Medieval France. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, s. 175-190.Reuter, T. (2006). Medieval: another tyrannous construct?. J.L. Nelson (ed.), Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, s. 19-37.Scales, L. (2012). The shaping of German identity: authority and crisis. 1245-1414. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Sullivan, D. (1981). The end of the Middle Ages: decline, crisis or transformation?. The History Teacher, 14: 4, s.551-565. Wallerstein, I. (2004). World systems analysis: an introduction. Durham: Duke University Press.Watts, J. (2009). The making of polities: Europe, 1300-1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Wickham, C. (2016). Medieval Europe. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.Wood, C. (2016). Studying late medieval history: A thematic approach. London: Routledge.Zafirovski, M. (2011). The enlightenment and its effects on modern society. Springer: New York.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | March 19, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | May 22, 2018 |
| Publication Date | May 22, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 7 Issue: 1 |
ANNOUNCEMENTS:
New Publication Policy:
TUHED will begin implementing the Continuous Publication system, which has become widely used in international academic publishing in recent years, as of January 1, 2026.
In this system, articles that have successfully completed the review process and received acceptance for publication will be made available without delay for the issue publication date. The publication date of each article will be utilized in place of the issue date. In contrast to our previous Early View publication policy, every article published under this new system will feature issue, page, and DOI information.
It is important to note that this modification will not impact the article review and acceptance procedures.
Turkish History Education Journal site and its metadata are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Permissions beyond the scope of this license is available at COPYRIGHT