Osmanlı Devleti’nden Cumhuriyet’e devredilen eğitim kurumları askeri okullar, medreseler, yeni açılan sivil okullar, azınlık ve yabancı devlet okullar olarak sınıflanabilir. 19.yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti çöküşü durdurmak için birçok alanda olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da ıslahatlar yapmıştır. Askeri yenilgiler sebebiyle Avrupa tarzında eğitim veren askeri okullar kurulurken sivil eğitimin temel kurumları olan medreseler ıslah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Tanzimat Fermanından sonra medreselerin yanı sıra yeni, çağdaş anlayışta sivil okullar kurulmuştur. Medreselerden yetişenler geleneğin temsilcisi olarak ortaya çıkarken yeni okullardan/mekteplerden yetişenler daha çağdaş fikirleri temsil etmişlerdir. Gelenekçi-yenilikçi çatışması ortaya çıkınca genelde mevcut eğitim sistemi özelde medrese sorgulanmaya başlamıştır. Medreselerin programı ve sistemi ile ilgili sorgulamalar eğitim birliği fikrine dönüşmüştür. Çalışmada bu konu ile ilgili Osmanlı’nın sonu ve Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında yapılan tartışma örnekleri ele alınmıştır. Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e medrese ıslahı meselesinin eğitim birliği/tevhid-i tedrisat fikirlerine nasıl döndüğü sorusu açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Eğitim Birliği, Tevhîd-i Tedrîsât Kanunu, Medreseler, Din Eğitimi
From OTTOMANS to REPUBLIC: From the DISCUSSION of REFORMING MADRASAHS to UNIFICATION of EDUCATION
Abstract: Transferred to educational institutions of the Republic from Ottoman Empire, military schools, madrasas, schools, minorities and foreigners can be classified as state schools. To stop the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, as in many areas, reforms have been made in the field of education. Military schools providing education in European style, when it was founded because of military defeats, the basic institutions of civil education has attempted to reform madrasas. After the Tanzimat, madrasas, as well as a new, civilian schools were established in the contemporary understanding. When the Madrasa graduates emerge as a representative of tradition, who have represented innovation grows from the new school. Traditionalists-innovative conflict comes along, overall current education system was specifically questioned madrasas. Questioning about the program and the system of madrasas has turned to the idea of unity of education. In this study, samples made in discussions on the subject at the end of the Ottoman Empire and the first years of the Republic were discussed. Republic from Ottoman Empire, the madrasa reform issues, education union / Unification tried to explain to return to the question of how ideas.
Keywords: Unification of Education, The Law of Unification of Education, Madrasahs, Religious Education
Journal Section | Research & Theoretical Articles |
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Authors | |
Publication Date | October 22, 2016 |
Submission Date | September 26, 2016 |
Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 5 Issue: 2 |
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