Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire

Yahya Sezai Tezel

Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire

Abstract

The roots of the 19 th and 20 th century Ottoman foreign borrowings lie in the chronic financial difficulties that the Ottoman central government faced from the late 16 th century onwards.

Keywords

References

Referans 1 Tezel (1972) and (1973).

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

International Relations (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Yahya Sezai Tezel This is me
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 2, 2025

Submission Date

January 9, 1972

Acceptance Date

June 11, 1972

Published in Issue

Year 1972 Volume: 12

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Tezel, Y. S. (2025). Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations, 12, 89-99. https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE

AMA

1.Tezel YS. Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations. 2025;12:89-99. https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE

Chicago

Tezel, Yahya Sezai. 2025. “Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of Teh Ottoman Empire”. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations 12 (June): 89-99. https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE.

EndNote

Tezel YS (June 1, 2025) Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations 12 89–99.

IEEE

[1]Y. S. Tezel, “Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire”, The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations, vol. 12, pp. 89–99, June 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE

ISNAD

Tezel, Yahya Sezai. “Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of Teh Ottoman Empire”. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations 12 (June 1, 2025): 89-99. https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE.

JAMA

1.Tezel YS. Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations. 2025;12:89–99.

MLA

Tezel, Yahya Sezai. “Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of Teh Ottoman Empire”. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations, vol. 12, June 2025, pp. 89-99, https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE.

Vancouver

1.Yahya Sezai Tezel. Notes on the Consolidated Foreign Debt of teh Ottoman Empire. The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 1;12:89-9. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA74EL65LE