Çiğ sütlerde Staphylococcus aureus izolasyonu, identifikasyonu ve antibiyotik duyarlılığının belirlenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 96 Issue: 1, 32 - 40, 15.01.2025

Pelin Koçak Kızanlık , Melih Duyuk , Cemil Sahıner , Murat Boyacıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.1559069

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus’un çiğ sütte varlığı, toksin üretebilen suşları ve yüksek orandaki antibiyotik dirençliliği nedeniyle halk sağlığı açısından potansiyel bir risk faktörüdür. Bu çalışmada, çiğ sütlerde S. aureus varlığı ve izole edilen suşların antibiyotik direnç profili incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 100 çiğ süt numunesi incelenmiş, 47 örnekte çeşitli düzeylerde S. aureus kontaminasyonu saptanmıştır. Kontaminasyon düzeyleri 2,00 ile 4,99 log kob/ml arasında değişiklik göstermiş ve kontamine örneklerin %45,9'unun 3-4 log kob/ml aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pozitif örnekler için ortalama kontaminasyon değeri ise 3,63±0,77 log kob/ml olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada tespit edilen izolatların sefoksitin, metisilin, tetrasiklin, tilosin, florfenikol, neomisin, siprofloksasin, linkomisin ve polimiksin B antibiyotikleri için minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon değerleri broth mikrodilüsyon yöntemi kullanılarak antibiyotik direnç profilleri incelenmiştir. S. aureus izolatlarından 13'ünün (%27,6) incelenen tüm antibiyotik gruplarına dirençli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İzolatların tamamının ise sefoksitin, metisilin, tilosin ve linkomisine dirençli olduğu, takibinde %95,8 florfenikol, %89,4 neomisin ve %87,3 oranında polimiksin B direnci belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, tüm izolatların çoklu ilaç dirençli (ÇİD) olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, çiğ sütler S. aureus kontaminasyon düzeyinin ve bu bakterinin antibiyotik direnç profilinin, halk sağlığı açısından önemli bir risk oluşturduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle, izolatların tamamının ÇİD olması, tedavi seçeneklerini kısıtlamakta ve enfeksiyon kontrolünü zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu bulgular, süt üretim süreçlerinde hijyen uygulamalarının sıkılaştırılması ve antibiyotik kullanımının daha dikkatli bir şekilde yönetilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Antibiyotik direnci, Çiğ süt, S. aureus

Supporting Institution

Aydın Adnan Menderes University Scientific Research Project Coordination

Project Number

VFT-15033

Determination of Staphylococcus aureus isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility in raw milk

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk poses a potential risk to public health due to its toxin-producing strains and high levels of antibiotic resistance. In this study, the presence of S. aureus in raw milk and the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated strains were examined. A total of 100 raw milk samples were analyzed, and S. aureus contamination was detected in 47 samples at various levels. The contamination levels ranged from 2.00 to 4.99 log cfu/ml and 45.9% of the contaminated samples were found to be in 3-4 log cfu/ml range. The minimum inhibitory concentration values for the antibiotics cefoxitin, methicillin, tetracycline, tylosin, florphenicol, neomycin, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, and polymyxin B were determined using the broth microdilution method to examine the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated strains. It was determined that 13 (27.6%) of the S. aureus isolates were resistant to all the tested antibiotic groups. Additionally, all isolates were resistant to cefoxitin, methicillin, tylosin, and lincomycin, followed by resistance rates of 95.8% to florphenicol, 89.4% to neomycin, and 87.3% to polymyxin B. Furthermore, all isolates were observed to be multidrug-resistant (MDR). This study indicates that the contamination of raw milk with S. aureus and the antibiotic resistance profile pose a significant public health risk. The fact that all isolates were MDR limits treatment options and complicates infection control. These findings show that the need for stricter hygiene practices in milk production processes and careful management of antibiotic use.

Keywords

Antibiotic resistance, Raw milk, S. aureus

Project Number

VFT-15033

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