İş Stresinin Kendini Kurgulama Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisinde Mutluluğun Rolü

Abstract

Hangi çalışan kendini mutlu hissetmek istemez ki? Bu araştırma iş gören mutluluğunun önemine işaret etmek için hazırlanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, iş stresinin kendini kurgulama davranışı üzerindeki etkisinde mutluluğun aracılık rolünü tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın evrenini, Balıkesir ilinde faaliyette bulunan yaklaşık 900 iş göreni olan 400 yiyecek ve içecek işletmesi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi bu sektörde çalışmakta olan 270 kişidir. Araştırmanın verileri anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analizi için frekans analizi, güvenilirlik analizi, keşfedici faktör analizi, normallik testi, korelasyon analizi ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Korelasyon analizinin neticesinde; iş stresi ile kendini kurgulama davranışı arasında zayıf ve anlamlı bir ilişki, iş stresi ile mutluluk arasında negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki, kendini kurgulama davranışı ile mutluluk arasında negatif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. İş görenlerin iş stresi seviyeleri arttıkça kendini kurgulama davranışlarının arttığı, kendini kurgulama davranışları arttıkça ise mutluluk düzeylerinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analizinin sonucunda, iş görenlerin görev yaptıkları işletmelerde yaşadıkları iş stresinin kendini kurgulama davranışı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiş, bu etkide mutluluğun tam aracılık rolü bulunmuştur.

Keywords

• Kendini Kurgulama Davranışı
• İş Stresi
• Mutluluk

The Role of Happiness in the Effects of Job Stress on Self-Monitoring Behavior

Abstract

What employee doesn't want to feel happy? This research has been prepared to point out the importance of employee happiness. The aim of this research is to determine the mediating role of happiness in the effect of job stress on self-monitoring behavior. The universe of the research is 400 food and beverage sectors with approximately 900 employees operating in the province of Balıkesir. The sample of the research is 270 people working in this sector. The data of the research were collected by questionnaire technique. Frequency, reliability, exploratory factor, normality, correlation and hierarchical regression were performed for the analysis. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was determined that there was a weak and significant relationship between work stress and self-monitoring, a negative, significant relationship between work stress and happiness, a negative and significant relationship between self-monitoring behavior and happiness. It has been observed that as employees' job stress levels increase, their self-construal behaviors increase, and as their self-construal behaviors increase, their happiness levels decrease. As a result of the hierarchical regression analysis, it was determined that the job stress experienced by the employees in the businesses they work in had a positive and significant effect on the self-monitoring behavior and the full mediating role of happiness was found in this effect.

Keywords

• Self-Monitoring Behavior
• Job Stress
• Happiness

References

1. Akgunduz, Y., Bardakoğlu, O. and Kızılcalıoğlu, G. (2022). Happiness, Job Stress, Job Dedication and Perceived Organizational Support: A Mediating Model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, Vol. 6, Iss.2, 654-673.
2. Akyol, E.Y. and Işık, Ş. (2018). Akademisyenlerde Mutluluğun Yordayıcıları Olarak Farkındalık ve Stresle Başa Çıkma Tutumları. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, Cilt 6, Sayı 1, 1-17.
3. Apaydın, M. D. (2004). Çift Kariyerli Ailelerde İş-Aile ve Aile-İş Çatışmalarının Kendini Kurgulama Düzeyleri ile İlişkisi (Tez No. 144248) (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
4. Aruldoss, A., Kowalski, K.B. and Parayitam, S. (2021). The Relationship Between Quality of Work Life and Work-Life-Balance Mediating Role of Job Stress, Job Satisfaction and Job Commitment: Evidence From India. Journal of Advances in Management Research, Vol 18, Iss. 1, 36-62. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAMR-05-2020-0082
5. Balçiçek, M. M. (2020). Yurtdışında Bulunan Türk Çalışanların Kültürel Zekâlarının Mutluluk Düzeyleri İle İlişkisi Ve Yurtdışı Deneyimlerinin Moderatör Rolü. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
6. Baron, M. and Kenny, D.A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 5, Iss. 6, 1173-1182.
7. Bartlett, J.E., Körtlik, J.W. and Higgins, C.C. (2001). Organizational Research: Determining Appropriate Sample Size in Survey Research. Information Technology, Learning and Performance Journal, Vol 19, Iss.1, 43-50.
8. Biçen, G. and Koç, H. (2019). İşgören Mutluluk Düzeylerinin İş Tatmini ve İş performansı üzerine etkileri: Konaklama işletmelerinde bir inceleme. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt 3, Sayı 4, 1450-1468.

9. Butt, R., Altaf, S., Chohan, I. and Ashraf, S. (2019). Analyzing the Role of Quality of Work Life and Happiness at Work on Employees’ Job Satisfaction With the Moderation of Job Stress, Empirical Research of Jiangsu University. International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research, Vol 8, Iss.10, 1905-1915.
10. Bülbül, Ş. ve Giray, S. (2011). Sosyo-Demografik Özellikler ile Mutluluk Algısı Arasındaki İlişki Yapısının Analizi. Ege Akademik Bakış, Cilt 11 (Özel Sayı), 113-123.
11. Chen, J. (2020). Relationship Between Psychological Capital, Job Stress and Job Burnout of Special Education Workers. Revista Argentina De Clinica Psicological, Vol 29, Iss.1, 1325-1331.
12. Cingöz, A. (2013). Politik Yetenekler ve Öz Yönlendirmenin (Kendini Kurgulamanın) Algılanan Kariyer Başarısı Üzerindeki Etkisini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Sosyal Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, Cilt 13, Sayı 26, 153-179.
13. Cropanzano, R. and Wright, T. A. (2001). When A “Happy” Worker is Really A “Productive” Worker: A Review and Further Refinement Of The Happy-Productive Worker Thesis. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, Vol 53, Iss. 3,182-199.
14. Cuiping, H., Fuguo, Y., Jing, S. and Feng, T. (2018). The Mediating Effects of ICU Nurses Psychological Capital on Job Stress and Job Satisfaction. Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing, Vol 36, 1252-1256.
15. Dodanwala, T.C., Santoso, D.S. and Shrestha, P. (2022). The Mediating Role of Work-Family Conflict on Role Overload and Job Stress Linkage. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, Vol 12, Iss. 6, 924-939.
16. Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2017). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri Felsefe-Yöntem-Analiz. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
17. Efeoğlu, D.İ.E. ve Özgen, P.D.H. (2007). İş-Aile Yaşam Çatışmasının İş Stresi, İş Doyumu ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri: İlaç Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt 16, Sayı 2, 237-254.
18. Ekinci, M. T. (2022). Liderlik Tarzlarının İş Stresine Etkisi. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi) İnönü Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Malatya.
19. Fisher, C. D. (2010). Happiness At Work. International Journal Of Management Reviews, Vol 12, Iss. 4, 384-412. Fiske, S. T., Gilbert, D. T. and Lindzey, G. (2010). Handbook of Social Psychology. John Wiley & Sons.
20. Fredrickson, B. L., Tugade, M. M., Waugh, C. E. and Larkin, G. (2003). What Good Are Positive Emotions in Crises? A Prospective Study of Resilience and Emotions Following the Terrorist Attacks on the United States On September 11th, 2001. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 84, Iss. 2, 365-376.
21. Hartmann, G.W. (1934). Mutluluktaki Farklılıklarla İlişkili Kişilik Özellikleri. Anormal ve Sosyal Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt 29, Sayı 2, 202-212.
22. Herpen, M.M. van, Brake, H. te and Olff, M. (2022). Stress At Work: Self-Monitoring of Stressors and Resources to Support Employees. Stress & Health, Vol 38, Iss. 2, 402-409.
23. House, R.J. and Rizzo, J.R. (1972). Role Conflict and Ambiguity as Critical Variables in a Model of Organizational Behavior. Organizational Behavior & Human Performance, Vol 7, Iss. 3, 467-505.
24. Hwang, E. (2019). Effects of the Organizational Culture Type, Job Satisfaction and Job Stress on Nurses’ Happiness: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Long Term Care Hospitals of South Korea. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, Vol 16, Iss. 3, 263-273.
25. Hills, P. and Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: A Compact Scale for the Measurement of Psychological Well-Being. Personality and Individual Differences, Vol 33, Iss. 7, 1073-1082.
26. Kar, B. and Mishra, B. (2016). A Literature Review on Occupational Stress and Job Performance, International Journal of Engineering and Manaegement Research (IJEMR), Vol 6, Iss. 1, 402-407.
27. Khalida, N. (2018). Job Stress, Happiness and Life Satisfaction: The Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence Empirical Study in Telecommunication Sector Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, Vol 4, Iss. 1, 7-14.
28. Knight, T.R., Kurtz, A., Bajt, M. L., Hinson, J.A. and Jaeschke, H. (2001). Vascular and Hepatocellular Peroxynitrite Formation During Acetaminophen Toxicity: Role of Mitochondrial Oxidant Stress. Toxicological Sciences, Vol 62, Iss. 2, 212-220.
29. Lyubomirsky, S., King, L. A. and Diener, E. (2005a). The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success?. Psychological Bulletin, Vol 131, Iss. , 803-855.
30. Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M. and Schkade, D. (2005b). Pursuing Happiness: The Architecture of Sustainable Change. Review of General Psychology, Vol 9, Iss. 2, 111-131.
31. Mawardi, M.C. (2022). Alternative Work Arrangements, Work Environment and Job Stress on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention. Golden Ratio Of Human Resource Management, Vol 2, Iss. 1, 27-39.
32. McCullough, M. E., Kilpatrick, S. D., Emmons, R. A. and Larson, D. B. (2001). Is Gratitude a Moral Affect?. Psychological Bulletin, Vol 127, Iss. 2, 249-266.
33. McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A. and Tsang, J. (2002). The Grateful Disposition: A Conceptual and Empirical Topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 82, Iss. 1, 112-127.
34. Omar, M.K., Aluwi, A.H., Fauzi, M.W. and Hairpuddin, N.F. (2020). Work Stress, Workload, Work-Life Balance and Intention to Leave Among Employees of an Insurance Company in Malaysia. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, Vol 21, Iss. 2, 70-78.
35. Özer Ö, Özkan O, Özmen S. and Çıraklı Ü. (2022). Investigation of the Perception of Occupational Safety, Work Stress and Happiness in Healthcare Workers. Journal of Health Management, 1-7.
36. Özgüleş, B. (2019). İşe Bağlılık ve İş Yaşamında Mutluluk Kavramlarının Epistemik Olarak İncelenmesi. ASSAM Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi, Cilt 6, Sayı 14, 72-83.
37. Panigrahi, A. (2016). Managing Stress at Workplace. Journal of Management Research And Analysis, Vol 3, Iss. 4, 154-160.
38. Park, I.J., Kim, P.B., Hai, S. and Dong, L. (2020). Relax From Job, Don’t Feel Stress! The Detrimental Effects of Job Stress and Buffering Effects of Co-Worker Trust on Burnout and Turnover Intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Vol 45, 559-568.
39. Pryce-Jones, J. (2010). Happiness At Work: Maximizing Your Psychological Capital For Success. Wiley-Blackwell.
40. Rath, T. and Harter, J. (2010). Wellbeing. The Five Essential Elements. Gallup.
41. Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N. and Peterson, C. (2005). Positive Psychology Progress: Empirical Validation of Interventions. American Psychologist, Vol 60, Iss. 5, 410-421.
42. Seňová, A. and Antošová, M. (2014). Work Stres As A Worldwide Problem in Present Time. Procedia Social And Behavioral Science, Cilt 109, 312-316.
43. Sheldon, K. M. and Lyubomirsky, S. (2006). How to Increase and Sustain Positive Emotion: The Effects of Expressing Gratitude and Visualizing Best Possible Selves. Journal of Positive Psychology, Vol 1, Iss. 2, 73-82.
44. Sidhu, A. K., Singh, H., Virdi, S. S. and Kumar, R. (2020). Job Stress And Its Impact On Health Of Employees: A Study Among Officers and Supervisors. Journal of Management Development, Vol 39, Iss. 2, 125-144.
45. Slama, K. and Celuch, M. (1995). Getting Along and Getting Ahead as Motives For Self-Presentation: Their Impact on Advertising Effectiveness. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol 25, Iss. 19,1700-1713.
46. Snyder, M. (1974). Self-Monitoring of Expressive Behavior. Journal of Personality And Social Psychology, Vol 30, Iss. 4, 526-537.
47. Snyder, M. (1982). Choasing Social Situations: Two Investigations of Self-Monitoring Processeses.
48. Veenhoven, R., Bakker, A., Burger, M., Van Haren, P. and Oerlemans, W. (2019). Effect on Happiness Of Happiness Self-Monitoring And Comparison With Others: Using The Happiness Indicator. Springer: Evidence-Based Positive Psychological Interventions in Multi-Cultural Contexts.
49. Weiner, B. (1985). An Attributional Theory of Achievement Motivation And Emotion. Psychological Review, Vol 92, Iss. 4, 548-573.
50. Wright, T. A. and Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological Well-Being And Job Satisfaction As Predictors Of Job Performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Vol 5, Iss. 1, 84-94.