Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Örgütsel Demokrasi Algısı Sessizliğin Kilidini Açar Mı?

Year 2024, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 633 - 652, 27.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1450566

Abstract

Sessizlik sarmalı ve sosyal mübadele kuramları üzerine inşa edilen, nicel ve görgül bir tasarıma sahip bu araştırmada, “Örgütlerdeki demokrasi algısı çalışanların sessizlik tutumlarını etkiler mi?” ve “Muhtemel bir etkinin yönü nedir?” sorularından hareketle örgütsel demokrasi algısının örgütsel sessizlik tutumu üzerindeki etkisinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda veriler, Konya ili merkez ilçelerinde görev yapan 430 lise öğretmeninden anket yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, SPSS 29 ve AMOS 24 programları aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, lise öğretmenlerinin örgütsel demokrasi algılarının ilişkisel sessizlik tutumları üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı etkisinin olduğu tespit edilirken, örgütsel demokrasi algısının bireysel sessizlik tutumu üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi ortaya konulamamıştır. Bu bulgular ile araştırmanın ulusal literatüre katkı sağlayacağı ve sonraki çalışmalar için tartışma zemini oluşturacağı umulmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Örgütsel Demokrasi, Örgütsel Sessizlik, Bireysel Sessizlik, İlişkisel Sessizlik, Sessizlik Sarmalı
JEL Sınıflandırması: D23, L20, M14

References

  • Aguirre-Urreta, M. I., & Hu, J. (2019). Detecting Common Method Bias. The DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 50(2), 45-70. Doi: 10.1145/3330472.3330477
  • Ahmed, K., Adeel, A., Ali, R., & Rehman, R. U. (2019). Organizational Democracy and Employee Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Organizational Justice. Business Strategy & Development, 2(3), 204-219. Doi: 10.1002/bsd2.55
  • Akay, O. (2017). Örgütsel Sessizlik Boyutlarının Çalışan Performansı İle İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Isparta Devlet Hastanesi Örneği. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Isparta.
  • Aktaş, H., & Şimşek, E. (2014). Örgütsel Sessizlik ile Algılanan Bireysel Performans, Örgüt Kültürü ve Demografik Değişkenler Arasındaki Etkileşim. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 14(28), 24-52. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/auiibfd/issue/32332/359287#article_cite
  • Al-Rousan, M. A. M., Omoush, M. M. & Ajloun, J. (2018). The Effect of Organizational Silence on Burnout: A Field Study on Workers At Jordanian Five Star Hotels. Journal of Management and Strategy, 9(3), 114-122.
  • Arblaster, A. (2002). Democracy. Buchingham: Open University Press.
  • Atilla, G., Kılıç, C. (2022). The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support with Emotional Labor and Organizational Silence; an Application on Bank Employees. Artuklu Kaime Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(2), 123-144. Doi: 10.55119/artuklu.996480
  • Bagheri, G., Zarei, R. & Aeen, M.N. (2012). Organizational Silence (Basic Concepts and İts Development Factors). Ideal Type of Management, 1(1), 47-58. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259383988_Organizational_Silence_Basic_Concepts_and_Its_Development_Factors
  • Bidarian, S., & Jafari, P. (2012). The Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Trust. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 1622-1626. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.873
  • Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and Power In Social Life. New York: John Wiley.
  • Blau, P. M. (1968). Social Exchange. International Encyclopedia of The Social Sciences, 7(4), 452-457. Doi: 10.33206/mjss.640929
  • Budd, J. W., Lamare, J. R., & Timming, A. R. (2018). Learning About Democracy At Work: Cross-National Evidence on Individual Employee Voice Influencing Political Participation in Civil Society. ILR Review, 71(4), 956-985. Doi: 10.1177/0019793917746619
  • Büyükbeşe, T. & Çelik, Ç. (2022). Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Performansa Etkisinde Örgütsel Sesliliğin Aracı Rolü: Viyana Örneği. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 18(3), 912-928. Doi: 10.17130/ijmeb.1014403
  • Carmon, A. F., Miller, A. N., Raile, A. N., & Roers, M. M. (2010). Fusing Family and Firm: Employee Perceptions of Perceived Homophily, Organizational Justice, Organizational Identification, and Organizational Commitment in Family Businesses. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 1(4), 210-223. Doi: 10.1016/j.jfbs.2010.10.003
  • Chaskin, R. J. (2003). Fostering Neighborhood Democracy: Legitimacy and Accountability within Loosely Coupled Systems. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 32(2), 161-189. Doi: 10.1177/0899764003032002001
  • Chegini, M. G. (2009). The Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 1(2), 173-176. Doi: 10.3844/ajebasp.2009.173.176
  • Chenji, K., & Sode, R. (2019). Workplace Ostracism and Employee Creativity: Role of Defensive Silence and Psychological Empowerment. Industrial and Commercial Training, 51(6), 360-370. Doi: 10.1108/ICT-05-2019-0049
  • Cropanzano, R. & Mitchell, M.S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874-900. Doi: 10.1177/0149206305279602
  • Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The Management of Organizational Justice. Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 34-48. Doi: 10.5465/amp.2007.27895338
  • Çankaya M, (2018). Organisational Democracy (Ed. Hüseyin Eriş, Feray Bucak), New Approaches in Health Sciences, İksad Publications, s. 6-40. http://earsiv.hitit.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/11491/453
  • Dyne, L. V., Ang, S. & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing Employee Silence and Employee Voice as Multidimensional Constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392. Doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00384
  • Edwards, L. (2020). Transparency, Publicity, Democracy, and Markets: Inhabiting Tensions Through Hybridity. American Behavioral Scientist, 64(11), 1545-1564. Doi: 10.1177/0002764220945350
  • Efe, D. (2018). Algılanan Örgütsel Adalet İle Örgütsel Sessizlik Ve Seslilik Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Elçi, M., Karabay, M. E., Alpkan, L. & Şener, İ. (2014). The Mediating Role of Mobbing on The Relationship Between Organizational Silence and Turnover İntention. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 1298-1309. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.110
  • Erbil, C. & Özbilgin, M. (2023). Worker Silence in A Turbulent Neoliberal Context: The Case of Mass Privatisation of Sugar Factories in Turkey. Human Resource Management Journal, Özel Sayı, 1-21. Doi: 10.1111/1748-8583.12506
  • Erer, B. (2020). Örgütsel Sessizlik Davranışının X, Y ve Z Kuşağı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 23(2), 577-589. Doi: 10.29249/selcuksbmyd.629203
  • Ertürk, E. & Bedük, A. (2015). Sosyal Mübadele Teorisi Bağlamında Güç Mesafesi ve Örgütsel Adalet Algılamalarının Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisi. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 3(1), 1-19. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jobs/issue/22920/245433
  • Etymonline. (2021). “Democracy”. (Erişim Tarihi: 18/12/2023). https://www.etymonline.com/word/democracy#etymonline_v_5572
  • Forcadell, F. J., (2005). Democracy, Cooperation and Business Success: The Case of Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa, Journal of Business Ethics,56(3), 255-274. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-004-5094-5
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. Doi: 10.1177/002224378101800104
  • Frega, R. (2021). Employee Involvement and Workplace Democracy. Business Ethics Quarterly, 31(3), 360-385. Doi: 10.1017/beq.2020.30
  • Gates, S., & Hill, J. (1995). Democratic Accountability and Governmental Innovation in The Use of Nonprofit Organizations. Review of Policy Research, 14(1‐2), 137-148. Doi: 10.1111/j.1541-1338.1995.tb00627.x
  • Geçkil, T. & Tikici, M. (2015). Örgütsel Demokrasi Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 48(4), 41-78. https://toad.halileksi.net/olcek/orgutsel-demokrasi-olcegi/
  • Gökalp, S. A. (2018). Katılımcı Yönetim Anlayışı ve İlksan. Türkiye Siyaset Bilimi Dergisi, 1(2), 67-86. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/tsbder/issue/47883/604973
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. & Anderson, R.E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. U.K.: Cengage Learning EMEA.
  • Hampton, K. N., Rainie, H., Lu, W., Dwyer, M., Shin, I. & Purcell, K. (2014). Social Media and The ‘Spiral of Silence’. Pew Research Center, https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2014/08/26/social-media-and-the-spiral-of-silence/, Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2023
  • Harmanci Seren, A. K., Topcu, İ., Eskin Bacaksiz, F., Unaldi Baydin, N., Tokgoz Ekici, E., & Yildirim, A. (2018). Organisational Silence Among Nurses and Physicians in Public Hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(7-8), 1440-1451. Doi: 10.1111/jocn.14294
  • Harrison, J. S., & Freeman, R. E. (2004). Is Organizational Democracy Worth The Effort?. The Academy of Management Executive (1993-2005), 49-53. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4166091
  • Henriksen, K. & Dayton, E. (2006). Organizational Silence and Hidden Threats To Patient Safety. Health Services Research, 41(4-2), 1539-1554. Doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00564.x
  • Hernandez-de-Menendez, M., Escobar Díaz, C. A., & Morales-Menendez, R. (2020). Educational Experiences with Generation Z. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 14, 847-859. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12008-020-00674-9
  • Howard, M. C., & Holmes, P. E. (2020). Social Courage Fosters Both Voice and Silence in The Workplace: A Study on Multidimensional Voice and Silence with Boundary Conditions. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 7(1), 53-73. Doi: 10.1108/JOEPP-04-2019-0034
  • Huang, H. (2005). A Cross-Cultural Test of The Spiral of Silence. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 17(3), 324-345. Doi: 10.1093/ijpor/edh065
  • Huck, S. W. (2012). Reading Statistics and Research. Boston: Pearson.
  • Jahanzeb, S., Fatima, T., & Malik, M. A. R. (2018). Supervisor Ostracism and Defensive Silence: A Differential Needs Approach. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(4), 430-440. Doi: 10.1080/1359432X.2018.1465411
  • Kahya, C. (2022). Örgütsel Sessizliği Kırmanın Bir Yolu Olarak Örgütsel Demokrasi. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(91), 5453-5458. https://sssjournal.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=60563
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2005). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Asil Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Kaplan D. (2000). Evaluating and Modifying Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: Foundations and Extensions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 106-129. Doi: 10.1207/S15328007SEM1002_10
  • Karadağ, Ş. & Geçkil, T. (2020). Akademisyenlerin Örgütsel Demokrasi Algısı ve Örgütsel Sessizlik Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Turkish Studies-Economics, Finance, Politics, 15(4), 2053-2069. Doi: 10.47644/TurkishStudies.46741
  • Kim, J. H. (2019). Multicollinearity and Misleading Statistical Results. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 72(6): 558-569. Doi: 10.4097%2Fkja.19087
  • Kock, N. (2015). Common Method Bias in PLS-SEM: A Full Collinearity Assessment Approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1-10. Doi: 10.4018/ijec.2015100101
  • Konovsky, M. A., & Pugh, S. D. (1994). Citizenship Behavior and Social Exchange. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 656-669. Doi: 10.5465/256704
  • Lawler, E. J., Thye, S. R., & Yoon, J. (2008). Social Exchange and Micro Social Order. American Sociological Review, 73(4), 519-542. Doi: 10.1177/000312240807300401
  • Mahajan, A., Bıshop, J.W. ve Scott, D. (2012) “Does Trust in Top Management Mediate Top Management Communication, Employee Involvement and Organizational Commitment Relationships?”, Journal of Managerial Issues, 24(2), 173-190 https://www.jstor.org/stable/43488132
  • Matthes, J. (2015). Observing The “Spiral” In The Spiral of Silence. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 27(2), 155-176. Doi: 10.1093/ijpor/edu032
  • Matthes, J., Rios Morrison, K., & Schemer, C. (2010). A Spiral of Silence For Some: Attitude Certainty and The Expression of Political Minority Opinions. Communication Research, 37(6), 774-800. Doi: 10.1177/0093650210362685
  • Menard, Scott (2002), “Applied Logistic Regression Analysis” (2. Baskı), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA.
  • Metin, I., Tutgaç, C. & Gündoğdu, B. (2022). Örgüt Kültürü ve Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Sessizlik Üzerindeki Etkisi. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(4), 23-42. Doi: 10.18026/cbayarsos.1068126
  • Meydan, C.H. & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Milliken, F. J., & Morrison, E. W. (2003). Shades of Silence: Emerging Themes and Future Directions For Research on Silence in Organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1563-1568. Doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00391
  • Mitra, D., Serriere, S., & Kirshner, B. (2014). Youth Participation in US Contexts: Student Voice Without A National Mandate. Children & Society, 28(4), 292-304. Doi: 10.1111/chso.12005
  • Morrison, E. W. & Milliken, F. J. (2000). Organizational Silence: A Barrier To Change and Development in A Pluralistic World. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 706-725. Doi: 10.5465/amr.2000.3707697
  • Mosca, J. B., Curtis, K. P., & Savoth, P. G. (2019). New Approaches to Learning for Generation Z. Journal of Business Diversity, 19(3). Doi: 10.33423/jbd.v19i3.2214
  • Moy, P., Domke, D., & Stamm, K. (2001). The Spiral of Silence and Public Opinion on Affirmative Action. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 78(1), 7-25. Doi: 10.1177/107769900107800102
  • Munck, G. L. (2016). What is Democracy? A Reconceptualization of The Quality of Democracy. Democratization, 23(1), 1-26. Doi: 10.1080/13510347.2014.918104
  • Noelle‐Neumann, E. (1974). The Spiral of Silence A Theory of Public Opinion. Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43-51. Doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x
  • Olsen, J. P. (2013). The Institutional Basis of Democratic Accountability. West European Politics, 36(3), 447-473. Doi: 10.1080/01402382.2012.753704
  • Olsen, J. P. (2017). Democratic Accountability and The Terms of Political Order. European Political Science Review, 9(4), 519-537. Doi: 10.1017/S1755773916000084
  • Özbezek, B. D. & Paksoy, H. M. (2022). Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Sessizlik Düzeyine Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İşletme Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 80-101. Doi: 10.33416/baybem.1025326
  • Perkins, D. (2014). Conceptualizing Defensive Silence in Project-Manager-To-Project-Sponsor Communication. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 35(1), 2-19. Doi: 10.1108/LODJ-05-2012-0027
  • Perlow, L., & Williams, S. (2003). Is Silence Killing Your Company?. Ieee Engineering Management Review, 31(4), 18-23. Doi: 10.1109/EMR.2003.24935
  • Post, R. (2006). Democracy and Equality. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 603(1), 24-36. Doi: 10.1177/0002716205282954
  • Rawlins, B. (2008). Give The Emperor A Mirror: Toward Developing A Stakeholder Measurement of Organizational Transparency. Journal of Public Relations Research, 21(1), 71-99 Doi: 10.1080/10627260802153421
  • Rhee, J., Dedahanov, A., & Lee, D. (2014). Relationships Among Power Distance, Collectivism, Punishment, and Acquiescent, Defensive, or Prosocial Silence. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(5), 705-720. Doi: 10.2224/sbp.2014.42.5.705
  • Riantoputra, C. D., Maharisa, W., & Faridhal, T. (2016). Acquiescent and Defensive Silence in An Indonesian Context. Makara Hubs-Asia, 20(2), 122-131. Doi: 10.7454/mssh.v20i2.481
  • Rosen, S., & Tesser, A. (1970). On Reluctance To Communicate Undesirable Information: The MUM Effect. Sociometry, 253-263. Doi: 10.2307/2786156
  • Rosendorff, B. P., & Doces, J. A. (2006). Democracy and Transparency. Swiss Political Science Review, 12(3), 99-112. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1003053
  • Schumacker, R.E. & Lomax, R.G. (2010). A Beginner’s Guide To Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Taylor&Francis.
  • Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. New York: John Wiley&Sons Inc.
  • Simon, D., Kriston, L., Loh, A., Spies, C., Scheibler, F., Wills, C. & Härter, M. (2010). Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Recommendations For Improvement of The Autonomy Preference Index (API). Health Expectations, 13(3), 234-243. Doi: 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2009.00584.x
  • Sipahi, B., Yurtkoru, E.S. & Çinko, M. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS’le Veri Analizi. İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Stevens, J.P. (2001). Applied Multivariate Statistics For The Social Sciences. Taylor&Francis, Oxfordshire: Routledge.
  • Sulphey, M. M. (2020). Elucidation of The Concept of Organisational Silence. Middle East Journal of Management, 7(3), 282-297. Doi: 10.1504/MEJM.2020.107106
  • Şenol, S., & Aktaş, H. (2017). Algılanan Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Sessizlik Tutumlarına Etkisi: İstanbul’da Tekstil Sektöründe Faaliyet Gösteren Bir İşletme Çalışanları Üzerinde Araştırma. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 833-850. Doi: 10.18092/ulikidince.323672
  • Şimşek, E., & Aktaş, H. (2014). Örgütsel Sessizlik ile Kişilik ve Yaşam Doyumu Etkileşimi: Kamu Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(2), 121-136. Doi: 10.18037/ausbd.16857
  • Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2018). Using Multivariate Statistics. New York: Pearson.
  • Taşkıran, E. (2010). Liderlik Tarzının Örgütsel Sessizlik Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Adaletin Rolü ve Bir Araştırma. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Taylor, D. G. (1982). Pluralistic Ignorance and The Spiral of Silence: A Formal Analysis. Public Opinion Quarterly, 46(3), 311-335. Doi: 10.1086/268729
  • Valentinov, V., Verschraegen, G., & Van Assche, K. (2019). The Limits of Transparency: A Systems Theory View. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 36(3), 289-300. Doi: 10.1002/sres.2591
  • Verba, S. (1967). Democratic Participation. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 373(1), 53-78. Doi: 10.1177/000271626737300103
  • Weber, W. G., Unterrainer, C., & Höge, T. (2020). Psychological Research on Organisational Democracy: A Meta‐Analysis of Individual, Organisational, and Societal Outcomes. Applied Psychology, 69(3), 1009-1071. Doi: 10.1111/apps.12205
  • Wehmeier, S., & Raaz, O. (2012). Transparency Matters: The Concept of Organizational Transparency in The Academic Discourse. Public Relations Inquiry, 1(3), 337-366. Doi: 10.1177/2046147X12448580
  • Widegren, Ö. (1997). Social Solidarity and Social Exchange. Sociology, 31(4), 755-771. Doi: 10.1177/0038038597031004007
  • Yazdani, N. (2010). Organizational Democracy and Organization Structure Link: Role of Strategic Leadership & Environmental Uncertainty. Business Review, 5(2), 51-74. Doi: 10.54784/1990-6587.1244

Does Perception of Organizational Democracy Unlock Silence?

Year 2024, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 633 - 652, 27.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1450566

Abstract

This research, which has a quantitative and empirical design and built on the spiral of silence and social exchange theories is based on the questions of “Does the perception of democracy in organizations affect the silence attitudes of employees?” and “What is the direction of a possible impact?” and it was aimed to determine the effect of the perception of organizational democracy on the attitude of organizational silence. For this purpose, the data were collected by survey method from 430 high school teachers working in the central districts of Konya province and were analyzed through SPSS 29 and AMOS 24 programs. As a result, it was figured out that high school teachers’ perceptions of organizational democracy had a positive and significant effect on their attitudes of relational silence, while the perception of organizational democracy did not have a significant effect on their individual attitudes of silence. It is hoped that with these findings the research will contribute to the national literature and provide a basis for discussion for subsequent studies.
Key Words: Organizational Democracy, Organizational Silence, Individual Silence, Relational Silence, Spiral of Silence
JEL Classification: D23, L20, M14

References

  • Aguirre-Urreta, M. I., & Hu, J. (2019). Detecting Common Method Bias. The DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems, 50(2), 45-70. Doi: 10.1145/3330472.3330477
  • Ahmed, K., Adeel, A., Ali, R., & Rehman, R. U. (2019). Organizational Democracy and Employee Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Organizational Justice. Business Strategy & Development, 2(3), 204-219. Doi: 10.1002/bsd2.55
  • Akay, O. (2017). Örgütsel Sessizlik Boyutlarının Çalışan Performansı İle İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Isparta Devlet Hastanesi Örneği. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Isparta.
  • Aktaş, H., & Şimşek, E. (2014). Örgütsel Sessizlik ile Algılanan Bireysel Performans, Örgüt Kültürü ve Demografik Değişkenler Arasındaki Etkileşim. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 14(28), 24-52. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/auiibfd/issue/32332/359287#article_cite
  • Al-Rousan, M. A. M., Omoush, M. M. & Ajloun, J. (2018). The Effect of Organizational Silence on Burnout: A Field Study on Workers At Jordanian Five Star Hotels. Journal of Management and Strategy, 9(3), 114-122.
  • Arblaster, A. (2002). Democracy. Buchingham: Open University Press.
  • Atilla, G., Kılıç, C. (2022). The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support with Emotional Labor and Organizational Silence; an Application on Bank Employees. Artuklu Kaime Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(2), 123-144. Doi: 10.55119/artuklu.996480
  • Bagheri, G., Zarei, R. & Aeen, M.N. (2012). Organizational Silence (Basic Concepts and İts Development Factors). Ideal Type of Management, 1(1), 47-58. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259383988_Organizational_Silence_Basic_Concepts_and_Its_Development_Factors
  • Bidarian, S., & Jafari, P. (2012). The Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Trust. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 1622-1626. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.873
  • Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and Power In Social Life. New York: John Wiley.
  • Blau, P. M. (1968). Social Exchange. International Encyclopedia of The Social Sciences, 7(4), 452-457. Doi: 10.33206/mjss.640929
  • Budd, J. W., Lamare, J. R., & Timming, A. R. (2018). Learning About Democracy At Work: Cross-National Evidence on Individual Employee Voice Influencing Political Participation in Civil Society. ILR Review, 71(4), 956-985. Doi: 10.1177/0019793917746619
  • Büyükbeşe, T. & Çelik, Ç. (2022). Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Performansa Etkisinde Örgütsel Sesliliğin Aracı Rolü: Viyana Örneği. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 18(3), 912-928. Doi: 10.17130/ijmeb.1014403
  • Carmon, A. F., Miller, A. N., Raile, A. N., & Roers, M. M. (2010). Fusing Family and Firm: Employee Perceptions of Perceived Homophily, Organizational Justice, Organizational Identification, and Organizational Commitment in Family Businesses. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 1(4), 210-223. Doi: 10.1016/j.jfbs.2010.10.003
  • Chaskin, R. J. (2003). Fostering Neighborhood Democracy: Legitimacy and Accountability within Loosely Coupled Systems. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 32(2), 161-189. Doi: 10.1177/0899764003032002001
  • Chegini, M. G. (2009). The Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 1(2), 173-176. Doi: 10.3844/ajebasp.2009.173.176
  • Chenji, K., & Sode, R. (2019). Workplace Ostracism and Employee Creativity: Role of Defensive Silence and Psychological Empowerment. Industrial and Commercial Training, 51(6), 360-370. Doi: 10.1108/ICT-05-2019-0049
  • Cropanzano, R. & Mitchell, M.S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874-900. Doi: 10.1177/0149206305279602
  • Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The Management of Organizational Justice. Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 34-48. Doi: 10.5465/amp.2007.27895338
  • Çankaya M, (2018). Organisational Democracy (Ed. Hüseyin Eriş, Feray Bucak), New Approaches in Health Sciences, İksad Publications, s. 6-40. http://earsiv.hitit.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/11491/453
  • Dyne, L. V., Ang, S. & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing Employee Silence and Employee Voice as Multidimensional Constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359-1392. Doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00384
  • Edwards, L. (2020). Transparency, Publicity, Democracy, and Markets: Inhabiting Tensions Through Hybridity. American Behavioral Scientist, 64(11), 1545-1564. Doi: 10.1177/0002764220945350
  • Efe, D. (2018). Algılanan Örgütsel Adalet İle Örgütsel Sessizlik Ve Seslilik Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Elçi, M., Karabay, M. E., Alpkan, L. & Şener, İ. (2014). The Mediating Role of Mobbing on The Relationship Between Organizational Silence and Turnover İntention. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 1298-1309. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.110
  • Erbil, C. & Özbilgin, M. (2023). Worker Silence in A Turbulent Neoliberal Context: The Case of Mass Privatisation of Sugar Factories in Turkey. Human Resource Management Journal, Özel Sayı, 1-21. Doi: 10.1111/1748-8583.12506
  • Erer, B. (2020). Örgütsel Sessizlik Davranışının X, Y ve Z Kuşağı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 23(2), 577-589. Doi: 10.29249/selcuksbmyd.629203
  • Ertürk, E. & Bedük, A. (2015). Sosyal Mübadele Teorisi Bağlamında Güç Mesafesi ve Örgütsel Adalet Algılamalarının Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisi. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 3(1), 1-19. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jobs/issue/22920/245433
  • Etymonline. (2021). “Democracy”. (Erişim Tarihi: 18/12/2023). https://www.etymonline.com/word/democracy#etymonline_v_5572
  • Forcadell, F. J., (2005). Democracy, Cooperation and Business Success: The Case of Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa, Journal of Business Ethics,56(3), 255-274. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-004-5094-5
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. Doi: 10.1177/002224378101800104
  • Frega, R. (2021). Employee Involvement and Workplace Democracy. Business Ethics Quarterly, 31(3), 360-385. Doi: 10.1017/beq.2020.30
  • Gates, S., & Hill, J. (1995). Democratic Accountability and Governmental Innovation in The Use of Nonprofit Organizations. Review of Policy Research, 14(1‐2), 137-148. Doi: 10.1111/j.1541-1338.1995.tb00627.x
  • Geçkil, T. & Tikici, M. (2015). Örgütsel Demokrasi Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 48(4), 41-78. https://toad.halileksi.net/olcek/orgutsel-demokrasi-olcegi/
  • Gökalp, S. A. (2018). Katılımcı Yönetim Anlayışı ve İlksan. Türkiye Siyaset Bilimi Dergisi, 1(2), 67-86. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/tsbder/issue/47883/604973
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J. & Anderson, R.E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. U.K.: Cengage Learning EMEA.
  • Hampton, K. N., Rainie, H., Lu, W., Dwyer, M., Shin, I. & Purcell, K. (2014). Social Media and The ‘Spiral of Silence’. Pew Research Center, https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2014/08/26/social-media-and-the-spiral-of-silence/, Erişim tarihi: 10.02.2023
  • Harmanci Seren, A. K., Topcu, İ., Eskin Bacaksiz, F., Unaldi Baydin, N., Tokgoz Ekici, E., & Yildirim, A. (2018). Organisational Silence Among Nurses and Physicians in Public Hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(7-8), 1440-1451. Doi: 10.1111/jocn.14294
  • Harrison, J. S., & Freeman, R. E. (2004). Is Organizational Democracy Worth The Effort?. The Academy of Management Executive (1993-2005), 49-53. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4166091
  • Henriksen, K. & Dayton, E. (2006). Organizational Silence and Hidden Threats To Patient Safety. Health Services Research, 41(4-2), 1539-1554. Doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00564.x
  • Hernandez-de-Menendez, M., Escobar Díaz, C. A., & Morales-Menendez, R. (2020). Educational Experiences with Generation Z. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 14, 847-859. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12008-020-00674-9
  • Howard, M. C., & Holmes, P. E. (2020). Social Courage Fosters Both Voice and Silence in The Workplace: A Study on Multidimensional Voice and Silence with Boundary Conditions. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 7(1), 53-73. Doi: 10.1108/JOEPP-04-2019-0034
  • Huang, H. (2005). A Cross-Cultural Test of The Spiral of Silence. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 17(3), 324-345. Doi: 10.1093/ijpor/edh065
  • Huck, S. W. (2012). Reading Statistics and Research. Boston: Pearson.
  • Jahanzeb, S., Fatima, T., & Malik, M. A. R. (2018). Supervisor Ostracism and Defensive Silence: A Differential Needs Approach. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(4), 430-440. Doi: 10.1080/1359432X.2018.1465411
  • Kahya, C. (2022). Örgütsel Sessizliği Kırmanın Bir Yolu Olarak Örgütsel Demokrasi. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(91), 5453-5458. https://sssjournal.com/?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=60563
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2005). SPSS Uygulamalı Çok Değişkenli İstatistik Teknikleri. Asil Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Kaplan D. (2000). Evaluating and Modifying Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: Foundations and Extensions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 106-129. Doi: 10.1207/S15328007SEM1002_10
  • Karadağ, Ş. & Geçkil, T. (2020). Akademisyenlerin Örgütsel Demokrasi Algısı ve Örgütsel Sessizlik Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Turkish Studies-Economics, Finance, Politics, 15(4), 2053-2069. Doi: 10.47644/TurkishStudies.46741
  • Kim, J. H. (2019). Multicollinearity and Misleading Statistical Results. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 72(6): 558-569. Doi: 10.4097%2Fkja.19087
  • Kock, N. (2015). Common Method Bias in PLS-SEM: A Full Collinearity Assessment Approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1-10. Doi: 10.4018/ijec.2015100101
  • Konovsky, M. A., & Pugh, S. D. (1994). Citizenship Behavior and Social Exchange. Academy of Management Journal, 37(3), 656-669. Doi: 10.5465/256704
  • Lawler, E. J., Thye, S. R., & Yoon, J. (2008). Social Exchange and Micro Social Order. American Sociological Review, 73(4), 519-542. Doi: 10.1177/000312240807300401
  • Mahajan, A., Bıshop, J.W. ve Scott, D. (2012) “Does Trust in Top Management Mediate Top Management Communication, Employee Involvement and Organizational Commitment Relationships?”, Journal of Managerial Issues, 24(2), 173-190 https://www.jstor.org/stable/43488132
  • Matthes, J. (2015). Observing The “Spiral” In The Spiral of Silence. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 27(2), 155-176. Doi: 10.1093/ijpor/edu032
  • Matthes, J., Rios Morrison, K., & Schemer, C. (2010). A Spiral of Silence For Some: Attitude Certainty and The Expression of Political Minority Opinions. Communication Research, 37(6), 774-800. Doi: 10.1177/0093650210362685
  • Menard, Scott (2002), “Applied Logistic Regression Analysis” (2. Baskı), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks CA.
  • Metin, I., Tutgaç, C. & Gündoğdu, B. (2022). Örgüt Kültürü ve Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Sessizlik Üzerindeki Etkisi. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(4), 23-42. Doi: 10.18026/cbayarsos.1068126
  • Meydan, C.H. & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi AMOS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Milliken, F. J., & Morrison, E. W. (2003). Shades of Silence: Emerging Themes and Future Directions For Research on Silence in Organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1563-1568. Doi: 10.1111/1467-6486.00391
  • Mitra, D., Serriere, S., & Kirshner, B. (2014). Youth Participation in US Contexts: Student Voice Without A National Mandate. Children & Society, 28(4), 292-304. Doi: 10.1111/chso.12005
  • Morrison, E. W. & Milliken, F. J. (2000). Organizational Silence: A Barrier To Change and Development in A Pluralistic World. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 706-725. Doi: 10.5465/amr.2000.3707697
  • Mosca, J. B., Curtis, K. P., & Savoth, P. G. (2019). New Approaches to Learning for Generation Z. Journal of Business Diversity, 19(3). Doi: 10.33423/jbd.v19i3.2214
  • Moy, P., Domke, D., & Stamm, K. (2001). The Spiral of Silence and Public Opinion on Affirmative Action. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 78(1), 7-25. Doi: 10.1177/107769900107800102
  • Munck, G. L. (2016). What is Democracy? A Reconceptualization of The Quality of Democracy. Democratization, 23(1), 1-26. Doi: 10.1080/13510347.2014.918104
  • Noelle‐Neumann, E. (1974). The Spiral of Silence A Theory of Public Opinion. Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43-51. Doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x
  • Olsen, J. P. (2013). The Institutional Basis of Democratic Accountability. West European Politics, 36(3), 447-473. Doi: 10.1080/01402382.2012.753704
  • Olsen, J. P. (2017). Democratic Accountability and The Terms of Political Order. European Political Science Review, 9(4), 519-537. Doi: 10.1017/S1755773916000084
  • Özbezek, B. D. & Paksoy, H. M. (2022). Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Sessizlik Düzeyine Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İşletme Ekonomi ve Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 80-101. Doi: 10.33416/baybem.1025326
  • Perkins, D. (2014). Conceptualizing Defensive Silence in Project-Manager-To-Project-Sponsor Communication. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 35(1), 2-19. Doi: 10.1108/LODJ-05-2012-0027
  • Perlow, L., & Williams, S. (2003). Is Silence Killing Your Company?. Ieee Engineering Management Review, 31(4), 18-23. Doi: 10.1109/EMR.2003.24935
  • Post, R. (2006). Democracy and Equality. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 603(1), 24-36. Doi: 10.1177/0002716205282954
  • Rawlins, B. (2008). Give The Emperor A Mirror: Toward Developing A Stakeholder Measurement of Organizational Transparency. Journal of Public Relations Research, 21(1), 71-99 Doi: 10.1080/10627260802153421
  • Rhee, J., Dedahanov, A., & Lee, D. (2014). Relationships Among Power Distance, Collectivism, Punishment, and Acquiescent, Defensive, or Prosocial Silence. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(5), 705-720. Doi: 10.2224/sbp.2014.42.5.705
  • Riantoputra, C. D., Maharisa, W., & Faridhal, T. (2016). Acquiescent and Defensive Silence in An Indonesian Context. Makara Hubs-Asia, 20(2), 122-131. Doi: 10.7454/mssh.v20i2.481
  • Rosen, S., & Tesser, A. (1970). On Reluctance To Communicate Undesirable Information: The MUM Effect. Sociometry, 253-263. Doi: 10.2307/2786156
  • Rosendorff, B. P., & Doces, J. A. (2006). Democracy and Transparency. Swiss Political Science Review, 12(3), 99-112. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1003053
  • Schumacker, R.E. & Lomax, R.G. (2010). A Beginner’s Guide To Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Taylor&Francis.
  • Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. New York: John Wiley&Sons Inc.
  • Simon, D., Kriston, L., Loh, A., Spies, C., Scheibler, F., Wills, C. & Härter, M. (2010). Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Recommendations For Improvement of The Autonomy Preference Index (API). Health Expectations, 13(3), 234-243. Doi: 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2009.00584.x
  • Sipahi, B., Yurtkoru, E.S. & Çinko, M. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS’le Veri Analizi. İstanbul: Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • Stevens, J.P. (2001). Applied Multivariate Statistics For The Social Sciences. Taylor&Francis, Oxfordshire: Routledge.
  • Sulphey, M. M. (2020). Elucidation of The Concept of Organisational Silence. Middle East Journal of Management, 7(3), 282-297. Doi: 10.1504/MEJM.2020.107106
  • Şenol, S., & Aktaş, H. (2017). Algılanan Örgütsel Demokrasinin Örgütsel Sessizlik Tutumlarına Etkisi: İstanbul’da Tekstil Sektöründe Faaliyet Gösteren Bir İşletme Çalışanları Üzerinde Araştırma. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, 833-850. Doi: 10.18092/ulikidince.323672
  • Şimşek, E., & Aktaş, H. (2014). Örgütsel Sessizlik ile Kişilik ve Yaşam Doyumu Etkileşimi: Kamu Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(2), 121-136. Doi: 10.18037/ausbd.16857
  • Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2018). Using Multivariate Statistics. New York: Pearson.
  • Taşkıran, E. (2010). Liderlik Tarzının Örgütsel Sessizlik Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Adaletin Rolü ve Bir Araştırma. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
  • Taylor, D. G. (1982). Pluralistic Ignorance and The Spiral of Silence: A Formal Analysis. Public Opinion Quarterly, 46(3), 311-335. Doi: 10.1086/268729
  • Valentinov, V., Verschraegen, G., & Van Assche, K. (2019). The Limits of Transparency: A Systems Theory View. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 36(3), 289-300. Doi: 10.1002/sres.2591
  • Verba, S. (1967). Democratic Participation. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 373(1), 53-78. Doi: 10.1177/000271626737300103
  • Weber, W. G., Unterrainer, C., & Höge, T. (2020). Psychological Research on Organisational Democracy: A Meta‐Analysis of Individual, Organisational, and Societal Outcomes. Applied Psychology, 69(3), 1009-1071. Doi: 10.1111/apps.12205
  • Wehmeier, S., & Raaz, O. (2012). Transparency Matters: The Concept of Organizational Transparency in The Academic Discourse. Public Relations Inquiry, 1(3), 337-366. Doi: 10.1177/2046147X12448580
  • Widegren, Ö. (1997). Social Solidarity and Social Exchange. Sociology, 31(4), 755-771. Doi: 10.1177/0038038597031004007
  • Yazdani, N. (2010). Organizational Democracy and Organization Structure Link: Role of Strategic Leadership & Environmental Uncertainty. Business Review, 5(2), 51-74. Doi: 10.54784/1990-6587.1244
There are 93 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Strategy, Management and Organisational Behaviour (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yusuf Oktay Ünlüer 0000-0002-3210-2162

Abdullah Yılmaz 0000-0002-7443-6064

Publication Date September 27, 2024
Submission Date March 10, 2024
Acceptance Date August 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 31 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ünlüer, Y. O., & Yılmaz, A. (2024). Örgütsel Demokrasi Algısı Sessizliğin Kilidini Açar Mı?. Yönetim Ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 31(3), 633-652. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1450566